m 


•wm 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


GIFT  OF 


COMMODORE  BYRON  MCCANDLESS 


51  li 


Press  of  Arthur  W.  Locke  &  Co. 
Boston. 


^j)is  is  to  fcrtifii  tliat  tf\c  mpvcs^ious  of  tliis? 
at^fmorinl  l>itjf  (icrn  striftlji  iiniitcti  to  j-iXiC 
Ifiwhvch    <Copif!6f,    of    lufjiflj    tftiit    Copp    is 


PRESENTATION. 


7  HE  LODGE  OP'  ST.  ANDREW,  at  a  Regular  Quarterly  Com- 
munication in  December  last,  took  formal  notice  of  the  fact,  that  a 
century  hatl  elapsed  since  on  petition  of  this  Lodge,  their  own 
Worshipful  Master,  General  Joseph  Warren,  was  made  Grand 
Master  of  Ancient  Freemasons  in  Massachusetts.  The  occasion 
was  wholly  devoted  to  that  commemoration.  By  the  exercises 
of  the  evening  the  members  of  the  Lodge  were  inspired  to  take  action  towards 
presenting  in  permanent  form,  a  narrative  of  the  leading  masonic  events  ot  the 
jjast  century  and  a  quarter,  which  properly  belong  to  the  history  of  "  St.  An- 
drew's," and  illustrate  that  of  the  Order  in  general.  In  this  view,  during  the 
winter  of  1869-70,  by  official  action  of  the  Lodge,  "the  entire  duty  of  collect- 
ing, arranging  and  editing  selections  from  the  records  and  archives  ot  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge''  was  placed  in  committee,  with  instructions  to  report  in  a 
•'  Centennial  Memorial."  That  Connnittee,  having  the  unanimous  sanction  ot 
the  brethren  of  the  Lodge,  in  giving  in  full  the  Centennial  C'elebrations  by  "  St. 
.Vndrew's," — and  of  [Hitting  the  Celebration  of  the  last  December  Quarterly 
Communication  first  in  order,  inasmuch  as  the  idea  of  publication  originated  on 
that  occasion,  — have  now  the  satisfaction  of  presenting  this  volume. 

In  taking  leave  of  the  responsibilities  which  were  entrusted  to  them  by  the 
lirethren  of  "St.  Andrew's,"  the  Committee  would  express  their  conviction, 
that  a  perusal  of  this  "  Memorial,"  will  cjuicken  the  love  and  veneration  of  its 
members  for  their  ancient  Lodge,  for  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  ot 
Massachusetts,  and  will  also  win  enhanced  devotion  from  the  Fraternity  in 
general,  for  the  Ancient  Society  oe  Free  and  Accepted  Masons. 


Memorial  Connnittee. 


Boston,  June,  A.  D.,  1870. 


Ezra  Palmer,  Master. 
Hamilton  Willls, 
Thomas  Restieaux, 
Wm.  F.  Davis, 
S.   H.  Gregory, 
A.  A.  Wellington. 


NEW  MASONIC  TEMPLE,  BOSTON,  Erected  1864. 


THE 


LODGE  OF  SAINT  ANDREW, 


AND    THE 


MASSACHUSETTS 


Grand  Lodge. 


CTonbiti  ft  punti,  i^ano  I'uc'ts 
5?513  — 5?69. 


BOSTON : 

PRINTED  BY  VOTE  OF  THE  LODGE  OF  ST.  ANDREW. 

1870. 


Enlered  according  to  Act  of  Congress  in  the  year  iSyo,  by  Arthur  W.  Locke  &  Co.,  in  the  Clerk's 

Office  of  tlie  l^isirict  Court  of  Massaclnisetls. 


^^7 


C(3NTENTS. 


Page. 

Charter  of  tlie   Lodge,      -----..-.  ^ 

Hist.   .Sketch   ot"  Freemasonry  in   Scotland,            -         -         -         .  g 

Memoir  ot'  .St.   Andrew,  ---------  i^ 

Centennial   Celel)ration  ot'  .Mass.   (Jrand    Lodge.            .         -         .  17 

Centennial   Celei)ration  of  the   Lodge.    1856.     -----  57 

Oration  l)y   W.    l!ro.   Hamilton   Willis,          -----  65 

Centennial  Celebration:    Purchase   Green    Dragon   Tavern,     -          -  155 

Cent.  Anni. :  Inauguration  of  Joseph  Warren  as  (i.  M.  in  lyGy,     -  187 

Officers  ot"  the    Lodge    t)t'   St.   Andrew.    -          -         -         -         -         -  225 

Past  .^Llsters             "              .'          ..                 .         .         -         -         .  227 

l^resent  .Meml)ers    "              an           ......  229 

Past   Members          ''               u           .<.                  -         _         -         .         .  231 

.Meml)ers  A.    I).    1762,   with  occupation  and   residences,           -          -  241 

Record  of  A.  D.  1784,           --------  244 

Account  current  with   (Irand    Lodge  of  .Scotland.    -          -          -         -  245 

R.   W.  Jas.   Logan.      In    .Memoriam,     ------  246 

Declaration   of  Freemasons,   A.  D.,  1831,          -----  247 

Memorial  of  Crand    Lodge  to   Oeneral   Court  ot    Mass.       -         -  250 

Centennial  of  the   Massachusetts   Lodge,          -----  261 

Ciironology,            ...-------  265 

Grand   Masters  in   Mass.  Ircjm   1733  to   1870,           -         .         -         -  289 


4\    MOV.  3QT  1756.  ] 

•V^^T - 


to  all  a\n  srxdkv  to  \vh(^sk  kxowledge  these  presents  shall  come, 

Greeting  : 

Sholto  Charles  Douglas,  Lord  Aberdour.  Grand  Master  of  the  Free  and 
Accepted  Masons  of  Scotland,  with  consent  of  the  Brethren  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland,  hereunto  subscribing  — 

Whereas,  a  petition  hath  been  presented  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  in  name  of 
Isaac  DeCoster,  David  Flagg,  George  Graham,  George  Lowder,  George 
Bray,  George  Hodge,  Henry  Ammes,  William  Burbeck,  and  James  Tourner, 
Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  residing  at  Boston,  in  New  England,  praying 
tiiat  they  and  such  other  Brethren  as  they  should  find  to  be  duly  qualified, 
should  be  constituted  and  erected  into  a  Mason  Lodge,  under  the  name,  title 
and  designation  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  to  be  held  in  Boston,  at  New 
England:  which  petition  having  been  openly  read  in  presence  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  assembled,  it  was  unanimously  Resolved  and  Ordered,  tliat  tlie  desire 
of  the  same  should  be  granted. 

Know  ve,  therefore.  That  We,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the 
(irand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  have  constituted,  erected  and  appointed,  and  herel)y 
constitute,  erect  and  api)oint  the  Worsliipful  Brethren  alx)ve  named,  and  tlicir 
successors  in  all  time  coming,  a  true  and  regular  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons,  under  the  name,  title  and  designation  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  to 
be  held  at  Boston,  in  New  England,  and  ordain  all  regular  Lodges  witliin  Scot- 
land or  elsewhere,  holding  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  to  liold  and  respect 
them  as  such  for  the  future.     .And  We,  with   advice   and   consent  foresaid,  give 


6  CENTE  NNIA  L    M  E  M  O  RI A  L. 

and  grant  to  them  and  their  successors,  full  and  ample  power  to  meet,  convene 
and  assemble  as  a  regular  Lodge  ;  to  enter  and  receive  Apprentices,  pass  Fel- 
low-Crafts, and  raise  Master  Masons,  upon  payment  of  such  regular  and  reason- 
able compensations  as  they  shall  think  proper  for  supporting  their  poor  decayed 
Brethren,  widows  and  orphans,  agreeable  to  their  stations,  and  to  elect  and 
make  choice  of  a  Master,  Wardens  and  other  Office  Bearers,  annually  or  other- 
wise, as  they  may  have  occasion.  And  we  hereby  recommend  to  our  foresaid 
Brethren  so  constituted,  to  obey  their  superiors  in  all  things  lawful  and  honest, 
as  Ijecometh  the  honour  and  harmonic  of  Masonry.  And  that  they  faithfully 
become  bound  and  engaged  not  to  desert  said  Lodge,  and  that  none  of  them 
presume,  upon  any  pretence  whatever,  to  make  separate  meetings  among  them- 
selves, without  the  consent,  approbation,  or  presence  of  their  Master  and  War- 
dens for  the  time  ;  nor  collect  money  or  other  funds  separate  from  the  common 
stock  of  their  Lodge,  to  the  hurt  or  prejudice  of  the  poor  thereof  The  said 
Worshipful  Brethren  being  always  bound  and  obliged,  as  by  their  acceptance 
hereof  they  faithfully  bind  and  oblige  themselves  and  their  successors,  in  all 
time  coming,  to  obey  the  whole  Acts,  Statutes,  and  Regulations  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland,  as  well  these  already  made,  as  those  hereafter  to  be  made,  for 
the  utility,  welfare  and  prosperity  of  Masonry  in  general,  and  to  pay  and  per- 
form whatever  is  stipulated  or  demanded  from  them  for  supporting  the  dignity 
of  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  to  record  in  their  Lodge  book,  which  they  are  hereby 
enjoyned  to  keep,  this  present  Charter  of  Erection  and  Constitution,  with  the 
Regulations  or  By-Laws  already  made,  or  hereafter  to  be  made  by  them  from 
time  to  time,  with  their  other  proceedings  and  Annual  Elections,  as  they  happen, 
to  the  end  the  same  may  be  the  more  readily  seen  and  observed  by  their  Breth- 
ren ;  subject,  nevertheless,  to  the  review  of  the  Grand  Lodge  aforesaid.  And 
in  like  manner  the  said  Brethren  and  their  successors  are  hereby  required  to 
attend  the  whole  General  Meetings  and  Quarterly  Communications  of  the  said 
Grand  Lodge  by  their  Representatives,  being  their  Master  and  Wardens  for 
the  time,  or  by  Proxie  in  their  name  duly  authorized  by  commission  from  their 
Lodge,  such  Proxies  being  Master  Masons  or  Fellow-Crafts,  belonging  to  some 
established  Lodge,  to  the  end  the  said  Brethren  may  be  duly  certitied  and  in- 
formed of  the  proceedings  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  to  whom  they  may  represent 
their  grievances  or  any  other  matters  concerning  Masonrie,  as  they  shall  see 
cause.     And  We  hereby  declare  the  precidencie  of  the  foresaid  Brethren  in  the 


C  E  X  T  E  \  y  I A  L     M  E  M  O  R  I  A  I. .  7 

Grand  Lodge  to  commence  from  tlie  date  of  these  presents,  and  appoint  this 
our  Charter  to  be  recorded  in  the  book  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  in  terms  of  the 
rejrulations  in  that  behalf 


-&^ 


Given  under  our  hand  and  seal,  in  the  Grand  Lodge,  held  in  St.  Mary's 
Chapel,  in  the  city  of  Edinburgh,  and  the  Seal  of  the  Grand  Lodge  is 
hereunto  appended  this  thirtieth  day  of  November,  one  thousand  seven 
hundred  and  fifty-six  years. 

Apiid  EdinhiiygHin    trigesiiiw  Aberdour,  G.  M. 

A'o7'e;>ib)-is,  1756.     Recorded  Geo.  Frazer,  D.  Grand  Mr. 

in  the  Book  of  the  G.  Lodge.  Rch'd  Tod,  Sub  G.  A/. 

Pr.  Alex'r  Dougall,  G.  Secty.  Henry  Cuxinghame,  S.  G.  IV. 

Geo.  Beam,  G.  Clerk.  Will.  Budge,  J.  G.  IV. 

Composition  of  two  Guineas  to  this  Grand  Lodge  for  the  Charter,  paid  unto 

James  Hunter,  G.  Tr. 


Charter  of  Constitution  and    New  Erection,  in   favor  of  the  Lodge  of  Saint 
Andrew,  to  be  held  at  Boston,  New  England,  1756. 


[endorsement    by   the   grand   lodge   of   MASSACHUSETTS.] 

To  all  the  Fraternity  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  in  the  State  of  Massachu- 
setts, the  Most  Worshipful  Isalah  Thomas,  Esq.,  Grand  Master  of  the 
State  aforesaid,  sends  Greeting  : 

Know  ye,  that  by  virtue  of  the  power  vested  in  me  as  Grand  Master,  and  in 
conformity  to  a  vote  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  at  their  Quarterly 
Communication,  on  the  nth  day  of  September,  A.  L.  5809,  I  do  hereby  authorize 
and  empower  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  of  Boston,  formerly  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  but  lately  admitted  under  our  jurisdiction,  to  take 
rank  in  Grand  Lodge,  at  all  their  (Quarterly  Communications,  Festivals,  and 
Funerals,  and  all  other  regular  and  constitutional  meetings,  agreeably  to  the 
date  of  their  ancient  Charter. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  eleventh  day  of  December,  A.  L.  5809. 

Attest,  LSAIAH  THOMAS, 

John  Proctor,  Gd.  Secretary.  Grand  Master. 


^^%^/~ 


'Xj 


i-^.  -.^^^^^-^..^  ^'r? 


%Y  (^'-^ 


uJouoallG.Jcc'/ 


yS^ 


eo:  Ufjtarn 


$^i 


'Q^-TT^UL^    {yCtA-^y'\AcO^^^  ^  •    ^■ 


/   ^ 


HISTORICAL     SKETCH 


OF 


FREEMASONRY   IN  SCOTLAND, 


WITH 


A     MEMOIR     OF     ST.     ANDREW. 

HY    R.    W.    CHAS.    W.    MOORE. 

The  exact  period  of  the  introduction  of  Freemasonry  into  Scotland  is  un- 
certain. That  it  existed  there  at  a  very  early  date  is  generally  admitted  ; 
though  there  are  no  authentic  data  respecting  it,  prior  to  the  beginning  of  the 
twelfth  century. 

During  what  are  usually  termed  the  mediaeval,  or  "  dark  ages,"  there  appeared 
in  Europe,  those  travelling  associations  of  architects,  which,  under  the  authority 
and  patronage  of  the  See  of  Rome,  were  employed  almost  exclusively  by  the 
Papal  Church,  in  the  erection  of  those  splendid  monasteries  and  magnificent 
cathedrals,  the  remains  of  which  are  even  now  the  admiration  of  the  scholar, 
and  the  wonder  of  the  popular  world.  And  it  is  worthy  of  remark,  as  an  interesting 
historical  reminiscence,  that  at  that  period  of  the  history  of  the  Romish  hierarchy, 
"wherever  the  Catholic  religion  was  taught,  the  meetings  of  Freemasons  were 
sanctioned  and  patronized,"  through  these  semi-religious  travelling  companies 
of  practical  builders.  This  fact  is  now  so  generally  admitted  by  the  learned, 
whether  friendly  or  otherwise  to  our  Institution,  that  it  is  not  deemed  necessary 
here  to  cite  authorities  in  its  support. 

When  King  David  I.,  in  the  early  part  of  the  twelftii  century,  contemplated 
the  introduction  into  Scotland,  of  the  15ernar(line  Monks,  and  the  Abbeys  of 
Melrose,  Kelso,  and   Kilwinning  had  been  projected,  one  or  more  of  these  trav- 

2 


lO 


CENTE  NNI A  L    M  EMO  R I A  L 


elling  Lodges,  or  Guilds,  was   summoned  from    the    Continent  and  employed  in 
their  erection. 

This  is  the  earhest  authentic  record  we  have  of  tlie  appearance  of  Freemii- 
sonry  in  the  kingdom  ;  unless,  indeed,  we  adopt  the  theory  that  the  Culdees, 
as  the  conjectural  successors  of  the  Essenes,  were  a  fraternity  of  Freemasons. 
On  this  hypothesis,  the  existence  of  the  Order  in  Scotland  may,  without  diffi- 
culty, be  traced  to  a  mucli  earlier  date.  But  such  an  inquiry  would  be  foreign 
to  our  present  purpose. 

It  may  be  remarked,  in  this  connection,  that  there  is  extant,  in  the  Hay's  MSS. 
in  the  Advocates'  library  at  Edinburgh,  the  record  of  an  ancient  Charter  of  the 
Craft,  which  recites  that,  "for  sa  meikle  as  from  adge  to  adge  it  has  been  ob- 
served amongst  us  that  the  Lairds  of  Roslyn  has  ever  been  patrons  and  protec- 
tors of  us  and  our  privileges  ;  "  and  then  proceeds  to  authorize  the  Lord  of  Roslyn 
to  purchase  a  new  recognition  and  confirmation  of  that  right  from  the  King.  This 
Charter  is  without  date  ;  but  it  is  doubtless  very  ancient,  being  referred  to  as 
an  old  deed  in  the  subsequent  Charter  of  renewal,  about  the  year  1628.  In 
this  document  we  are  told  that  the  former  Lords  of  Roslyn  had  from  time  to 
time  obtained  Charters  from  several  of  the  kings  of  Scotland,  confirming  their  ju- 
risdiction over  the  Masonic  Fraternity  ;  but  that  these  muniments  and  records 
were  "consumed  in  ane  flame  of  fire  within  the  Castle  of  Roslyn,"  which  confla- 
gration occurred  in  the  year  1554,  through  the  depredations  of  the  troops  of 
Henry  VIII.  King  of  England.  "These  facts,"  says  a  distinguished  Scotch  au- 
thor! t\',  "confirm  the  accounts  of  those  historians  who  relate  that  the  original 
grant,  or  Charter  of  jurisdiction  over  the  Lodges  in  Scotland,  was  made  by  King 
James  1 1,  of  that  kingdom,  to  St.  Clair,  the  great  Earl  of  Caithness  and  Orkney, 
who  founded  the  chapel  of  Roslyn  Castle  about  the  year  1441."  The  Order  must 
have  flourished  in  Scotland,  continues  the  writer  just  quoted,  a  long  time  before 
this  ;  for  otherwise  we  cannot  imagine  how  its  numbers  and  its  consequence 
should  have  attracted  the  notice  of  the  king,  nor  why  the  Grand  Mastership  of 
the  institution  should  be  deemed  a  gift  worthy  the  acceptance  of  so  distinguished 
a  nobleman.  And  hence  also  there  is  derived  additional  credit  to  the  assertion 
of  old  writers  on  Masonry,  who  afiirm  that  King  James  I.  of  Scotland,  who  died 
A.  D.  1437,  settled  a  yearly  revenue  of  four  pounds  Scots,  to  be  paid  by  every 
Master  Mason  to  a  Grand  Master,  to  be  chosen  by  the  (irand  Lodge  and  ap- 
proved  by  the  crown.      If  an  institution   so   worthy  of  royal  patronage   and  so 


CEA'  TE  A\V/A  L     M  E  M  OR/  A  L.  ^   \i 

dignified  as  to  excite  the  ambition  of  nobles  to  preside  over  its  mvsteries,  had 
been  of  recent  origin,  its  foundation,  or  at  least  its  introduction  into  Scothmd, 
would  have  been  noted  by  the  historians  and  annalists  of  tliat  kingdi)m.  But  as  no 
such  record  is  to  be  found,  the  conckision  is  irresistible  that  tlie  Order  there  was 
of  earlv  and  uncertain  date,  and  that  it  was  originally  venerable  and  august,  or 
had  acquired  its  elevated  and  imposing  character  by  imperceptible  degrees,  in 
long  progression  of  time. 

The  foregoing  particulars  are  believed  to  be  sufficient  to  show,  first,  that 
Masonry  in  Scotland  is  of  great  antiquity  ;  and,  secondly,  that  it  was  originally 
derived  from  a  pure  and  legitimate  source,  —  that  those  companies  or  Lodges, 
which  were  invited  into  the  kingdom  by  David  I.  were  identical  with  those 
"  travelling  associations  of  architects  "  which  appeared  in  Europe  during  the 
Middle  Ages,  under  the  patronage  of  the  See  of  Rome.  The  Masonry  of  Scot- 
land and  the  Masonry  of  England  are  but  different  streams  flowing  from  a 
common  fountain. 

One  of  the  first  Lodges  in  Scotland,  under  the  present  system  of  organization, 
of  which  we  have  any  reliable  account,  was  held  at  Kilwinning,  in  Ayrshire, 
about  the  close  of  the  fifteenth  century.  How  long  it  had  been  in  operation 
before  that  period,  cannot  now  Ije  ascertained.  It  is  worthy  of  remark,  how- 
ever, in  this  connection,  that  it  has  always  been  understood  among  our  Breth- 
ren in  Scotland,  that  until  the  betrinninsf  of  that  centurv,  the  "annual  assemblies  " 
of  the  Fraternity,  or  meetings  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  were  held  at  Kilwinning,  and 
that  this  practice  continued  until  their  removal  to  Edinburgh,  shortly  before 
the  appointment  of  the  St.  Clairs  as  hereditary  Grand  Masters. 

For  the  period  of  more  than  a  century  and  a  half  subsequent  to  the  granting 
of  the  first  of  the  Charters  before  mentioned,  the  office  of  Grand  Master  of 
Scotland  was  filled,  without  interruption,  by  the  St.  Clairs  of  Roslyn.  In  the 
year  1736,  William  St.  Clair,  "the  last  Roslyn,"  being  "under  the  necessity 
of  alienating  his  estate,  and  having  no  children,  was  anxious  that  the  office  of 
Grand  Master  should  not  become  vacant  at  his  death."  He  accordingly  assem- 
bled together  the  Lodges  in  and  about  Edinburgli,  and  having  represented  to  tliem 
the  advantage  that  would  accrue  to  the  Order  by  having  a  nobleman  or  gentleman 
of  their  oiu)i  choice  as  Grand  Master,  he  graciously  intimated  liis  intention  ot 
resigning  into  the  hands  of  tlie  lirethren,  every  title  to  that  office  wliich  he  tlien 
possessed,  rjr  which  his   successors   migiil  claim,  cither  untler  the  grants  ot   tlie 


12  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Scottish  Kings,  or  from  tlie  kindness  of  the  Fraternity.  In  furtherance  of  this 
generous  and  voluntary  surrender  of  his  hereditary  authority,  circular  letters 
were  dispatched  in  the  name  of  "the  four  Lodges  in  and  about  Edinburgh," 
to  all  the  Lodges  in  Scotland,  inviting  them  to  appear  in  the  metropolis,  either 
personally  or  by  proxies,  on  the  next  St.  Andrew's  day,  to  concur  in  the  elec- 
tion of  a  Grand  Master  for  Scotland.  Thirty-three  Lodges  were  represented 
at  the  meeting  held  in  pursuance  of  this  invitation.  The  Deed  of  Resignation 
was  read  and  accepted.  To  the  great  honor  of  the  Brethren  present,  the 
first  use  they  made  of  their  newly  acquired  power  was,  by  their  free  suffrages, 
then  tor  the  first  time  exercised,  to  elect  and  constitute  for  their  Grand  Master, 
him  who  had  so  munificently  resigned  into  their  hands  his  oflficial  dignity  and 
prerogatives.  He  held  the  office  until  the  30th  November,  1737,  when  he  re- 
signed it,  and  George,  Earl  of  Cromarty,  was  elected  Grand  Master.  He  was 
succeeded  in  1738,  by  John,  Earl  of  Kintore  :  and  he,  in  1739,  by  James,  Earl 
of  Morton  ;  and  he,  again,  in  1740,  by  Thomas,  Earl  of  Strathmore.  His  suc- 
cessors were,  in  1741,  Alexander,  Earl  of  Leven  ;  1742,  William,  Earl  of  Kilmar- 
nock ;  1743,  James,  Earl  of  Wemyss  ;  1744,  James,  Earl  of  Moray  ;  1745,  Henry 
David,  Earl  of  Buchan  ;  1746,  William  Nisbet  of  Dirleton,  Esq.  ;  1747,  Francis 
Charteris  of  Amisfield,  Esq. ;  1748,  Hugh  Seton  of  Touch,  Esq. ;  1749,  Thomas, 
Lord  Erskine  ;  1750,  Alexander,  Earl  of  Eglintoun  ;  175 1,  James,  Lord  Boyd; 
1752,  Rt.  Hon.  Geo.  Drummond,  Lord  Provost  of  Edinburgh  ;  1753,  Charles 
Hamilton  Gordon,  Esq.;  1754,  the  Hon.  James,  Master  of  Forbes;  and,  in 
1755-6,  Sholto  Charles,  Lord  Aberdour,  under  whose  authority  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge  was  constituted,  and  whose  name  is  affixed  to  its  Charter.  He 
was  the  first  Grand  Master  who  had  been  honored  with  a  re-election.  This 
probably  did  not  arise  from  any  disinclination  on  the  part  of  his  predecessors  to 
serve  the  Grand  Lodge  for  a  longer  term  than  one  year,  or,  on  the  part  of  their 
Brethren  to  re-elect  them  ;  but  at  that  early  period  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  it  was 
doubtless  deemed  expedient,  independently  of  any  necessity  which  may  have  been 
felt  to  exist  on  the  subject,  to  strengthen  the  Body,  by  interesting  in  its  adminis- 
tration as  many  of  the  nobility  and  gentlemen  of  the  kingdom,  as  could  conveni- 
ently be  induced  to  assume  the  responsibility  of  its  management.  This  having 
been  accomplished,  to  the  desired  extent,  the  one-term  rule  was  discarded,  and 
the  Grand  Masters,  from  that  to  the  present  time  have,  with  few  exceptions, 
been  honored  by  at  least  a  second  election. 


MEMOIR    OF    ST.    ANDREW. 


-aoJaStJOo- 


ST.  ANDREW,  in  whose  name  our  Lodge  was  chartered 
by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  on  the  30th  of  November, 
1756,  was  born  at  Bethsaida,  a  city  of  GaHlee,  situated  on 
the  shores  of  the  Lake  Tiberias,  in  Palestine.  As  the  name 
imports,  it  was  a  place  for  tishing  and  hunting,  the  adjacent 
country  abounding  with  deer  and  the  sea  with  fish.  It  is 
said  that  Philip  the  Tetrarch  formed  it  into  a  magnificent 
city  and  called  it  Julias,  after  the  daughter  of  the  Emperor 
Augustus.     And  it  was  here  that  Jesus  performed  many  of  his  miracles. 

Andrew  was  the  brother  of  Simon  Peter,  and  both  were  the  sons  of  John,  or 
Jonas,  a  fisherman  of  tlie  place  of  their  nativity.  The  former,  before  the  advent 
of  Jesus  as  a  public  teacher,  had  been  a  Disciple  of  John  the  Baptist,  and  was 
probably  a  member  of  the  Essenian  Sect,  to  which  John  belonged.  If  so,  this 
will,  in  some  measure  at  least,  account  for  the  learning  and  ability  which  he 
subsequently  exhibited  in  his  public  ministry.  He  was  the  first  person  whom 
Jesus  received  as  a  Disciple,  and  who  afterwards,  with  his  brother  Simon  Peter, 
became  one  of  his  Apostles.  He  followed  Christ  until  his  crucifixion  ;  when, 
with  the  other  Apostles,  he  entered  upon  his  public  ministry.  Departing  from 
Jerusalem,  he  first  travelled  through  Cappadocia,  Galatia,  and  Bithynia,  in- 
structing the  inhabitants  in  the  new  faith  ;  and  then  continued  his  journey  along 
the  Euxine  Sea,  into  the  desert  of  Scythia.  An  ancient  author  tells  us  that  he 
first  came  to  Amynsus,  where  he  preached  in  one  of  the  Jewisli  Synagogues, 
converted  many  of  the  people,  and  ordained  ])riests.  He  next  went  to  Trapez- 
ium, a  maritime  city  on  tlie  Euxine  Sea  ;  from  whence,  after  visiting  many  otiier 
places,  he  came  to  Nice,  in  Northern  Italy,  where  lie  stayed  two  years,  preach- 
ing and  working  miracles  witli  great  success.  Leaving  here  he  passed  to  Nico- 
media,  and  from  thence  to  Chalcedon,  whence  he  sailed  through  the   Propontis 


14  CE  N  T  E  XNIA  L     M  E  M  O  R  lAL. 

to  the  Euxine  again,  and  from  thence  went  to  Heraclea,  and  afterwards  to 
Amastris  ;  in  all  of  which  places  he  encountered  many  difficulties,  but  overcame 
them  by  his  invincible  patience  and  resolution.  He  next  proceeded  to  Synope 
(a  city  on  the  same  sea,  and  famous  as  the  birth  and  burial  place  of  King  Mith- 
ridates),  where  he  met  his  brother  Peter  and  united  with  him  in  the  work  of  the 
ministry.  Tlie  inhabitants  were  mostly  Jews,  who,  "partly  from  a  zeal  for  their 
celigion  and  partly  from  their  barbarous  manners,  were  exasperated  against  him, 
and  entered  into  a  confederacy  to  burn  the  house  in  which  he  lodged.  But 
being  disappointed  in  their  design,  they  treated  him  with  the  most  savage  cruelty, 
throwing  him  on  the  ground,  stamping  upon  him  with  their  feet,  pulling  and 
dragging  him  from  place  to  place  ;  some  beating  him  with  clubs,  some  pelting 
him  with  stones,  and  others,  to  satisfy  their  brutal  revenge,  biting  off  his  flesh 
with  their  teeth  ;  until,  apprehending  that  they  had  entirely  deprived  him  of 
life,  they  cast  him  out  into  the  fields.  But  he  miraculously  recovered,  and  re- 
turned pubhcly  into  the  city  ;  by  which,  and  other  miracles  that  he  wrought 
among  them,  he  converted  many  from  the  error  of  their  ways  and  induced  them 
to  become  Disciples  of  Jesus."  He  afterwards  returned  to  Jerusalem,  and 
from  thence  travelled  over  Thrace,  Macedonia,  Thessera,  Achaia,  and  Epirus, 
"  propagating  and  confirming  the  doctrine  he  taught,  with  signs  and  miracles." 
At  last  he  came  to  Patrae,  a  city  of  Achaia,  in  Greece,  where,  after  converting 
large  numbers  of  the  inhabitants,  he  finally  sealed  his  faith  with  his  blood.  He 
was  here  arrested  by  order  of  Agenas,  pro-consul  of  Achaia,  and  having  resisted 
every  temptation  to  renounce  his  mission  and  sacrifice  to  the  gods  of  the 
heathen,  he  was  treated  with  the  utmost  severity,  and  finally  crucified  on  the 
30th  of  November,  A.  D.  69.  The  Cross  used  on  this  occasion,  was  of  the  form 
called  Criix  decussata,  and  commonly  known  as  St.  Andrew's  Cross.  It  was 
made  of  two  pieces  of  timber,  crossing  each  other  in  the  centre,  in  the  form  of 
the  letter  X.  Contrary  to  the  usual  custom,  he  was  fastened  to  the  cross  with 
cords  instead  oi  nails,  that  his  death  might  be  the  more  lingferinor  and  tedious. 
In  this  condition,  says  one  authority,  "he  hung  two  whole  days,  teaching  and 
instructing  the  people  in  the  best  manner  his  wretched  situation  would  admit  of, 
being  sometimes  so  weak  and  faint  as  scarce  to  have  the  power  of  utterance. 
In  the  meantime,  great  interest  was  made  to  the  pro-consul  to  spare  his  life  ; 
but  the  Apostle  earnesdy  begged  of  the  Almighty  that  he  might  now  depart, 
and  seal  the  truth  of  his  religion  with  his  blood."     His  prayers  were  h^ard,  and 


CENTENNIAL     .\f  E  M  O  R  /  A  L  .  15 

he  expired,  as  before  stated,  on  the  last  day  of  November.  Mis  body  is  said  to 
have  been  decently  and  honorably  interred  by  Maximillia,  a  lady  of  quality  and 
estate,  who  Niceporus  tells  us,  was  the  wite  of  the  pro-consul.  Constantino 
the  Great  afterwards  removed  it  to  Constantinople,  and  buried  it  in  the  great 
Church  he  had  erected  in  honor  of  the  Apostles.  Here  it  remained  until  the 
vear  A.  D.  369,  when,  it  is  said,  a  Scottish  Abbot  of  the  name  of  Regulus, 
caused  it  to  be  again  removed  from  Constantinople  to  Scotland,  and  buried  in 
a  church,  with  a  monastery,  whicli  he  had  erected  to  the  Saint  at  Abernethy. 

The  festival  of  St.  Andrew  was  instituted  in  Scotland  in  the  year  A.  D.  359, 
and  trom  that  time  to  the  present  has  been  generally  observed  as  the  great 
national  religious  festival  and  gala-day  of  Scotchmen,  wherever  dispersed. 

The  Saint  was  admitted  into  the  Masonic  Calendar,  and  his  "anniversary" 
adopted  as  a  Masonic  Festival,  on  the  30th  of  November,  1737.  Previously  to 
this  time,  the  "  Festival  Days "'  of  the  Order  in  Scotland  (as  in  every  other 
countrv  in  Christendom),  had  been,  from  the  early  days  of  Christianity,  the 
24th  of  June,  and  tlie  27th  of  December.  But  the  peculiar  condition  of  the 
Order  there  at  tlie  date  above  given,  and  the  important  clianges  which  then 
took  place  in  its  organization  and  government,  led  to  a  corresponding  change 
in  its  anniversary  festivals. 

Such  are  the  more  prominent  points,  historical  and  legendary,  in  the  life  of 
this  distinguished  Apostle,  as  they  have  come  down  to  us  from  the  early  days 
of  Christianity.  A  more  elaborate  narrative  was  not  deemed  necessary  for  the 
purpose  of  the  present  sketch. 


C  E  L  E  B  R  A  T  I  O  N 


OF   THE 


CENTENNIAL     ANNIVERSARY 


OF   THE 


MASSACHUSETTS  GRAND   LODGE 


BY   THE 


LODGE     OF     ST.     ANDREW. 


DEC.    23,     1869. 


Allegory.  —  Scoiland  and  America  united  in  Masonry  under  the 
Patronaue  of  St.  A.ndrew. 


Having  been  precluded  by  the  action  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State,  from 
a  more  formal  celebration  of  the  One  Hundredth  Anniversary  of  the  establish- 
ment in  Boston,  of  the  "Grand  Lodge  of .-/ //r/V;// Masons,"  St.  Andrew's  Lodge 
availed  itself  of  its  Quarterly  Meeting,  on  the  23d  of  December,  1869,  to  take 
such  notice  of  an  occasion,  historically  and  personally  so  interesting  to  its 
Members,  as  the  peculiar  circumstances  under  which  they  were  assembled 
would  allow. 

The  Lodge  was  opened  at  an  early  hour  in  the  afternoon,  at  the  house  of  Bro. 
J.  B.  Smith,  in  Bulfinch  Street,  and  having  transacted  its  ordinary  business, 
the  Brethren,  in  commemoration  of  an  ancient  masonic  custom,  were  "called 
trom  labor  to  refreshment,"  and  sat  down  to  an  entertainment  provided  for  the 
occasion  by  tlie  celebrated  caterer  at  whose  house  they  were  convened. 

On  the  removal  of  the  cloth,  the  Worshipful  Master,  Ezra  Palmer  M.  D., 
addressed  the  Lodge,  on  tlie  auspicious  circumstances  under  which  they  were 
met,  in  the  following  congratulatory  address  : 

Brethren  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  : 

I  bid  you  a  cordial  welcome  to  these  tables  so  liberally  provided  with  the 
luxuries  of  the  season. 

The  large  number  of  members  assembled  to-night  is  a  subject  of  congratula- 
tion, as  it  denotes  an  interest  not  only  in  our  time-honored  regular  quarterly 
communications,  but  also  in  the  fact  that  at  this  meeting  we  commemorate  tiic 
Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  establishment  of  tiie  "  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge,"  in  which  our  Lodge  so  largely  participated,  and  whose  first  Grand  Mas- 
ter was  at  the  time  of  his  ajjpointment.  W()rshi])ful  Master  of  this  Lodge. 


20 


C  E  i\  TE  N  NIAL     M  E  M  O  R  lAL 


A  retrospect  of  one  hundred  years  !  What  interesting  suggestions  does  it 
awaken  !  From  the  date  of  one  hundred  years  ago  we  readily  recede  to  the 
middle  of  the  last  century,  when  our  beloved  Lodge  was  duly  constituted.  We 
recall  the  source  and  history  of  its  Charter.  We  read  its  early  records,  and  find 
that  it  was  one  of  the  few  masonic  institutions  which  regularly  held  their  com- 
munications, not  only  through  the  distracting  period  preceding  the  Revolution, 
but  also  through  the  turbulence  of  the  War  itself.  All  this  and  more  flashes 
to  the  memory,  and  cjuestions  like  the  following  present  themselves  :  Ought  not 
much  of  our  old  history  to  be  revived  ?  Ought  not  a  committee  be  appointed 
to  open  our  many  long-closed  volumes  of  records  of  this  early  date  and  furnish 
us  some  of  their  valuable  contents  ? 

I  am  happy  to  say  that  something  will  be  done  to-night  in  that  direction. 

My  right  hand  neighbor  at  the  table  has  delved  into  the  past  and  will  give  you 
what  preceded  and  constituted  the  organization  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massa- 
chusetts. And  now.  Brethren,  I  call  upon  R.  W.  Bro.  Charles  W.  Moore  to 
respond  to  the  sentiment. 

"The    Massachusetts    Grand    Lodge,  and   its   relations  with    St. 
Andrew's  Lodge." 

R.  W.  Bro.  Moore  then  delivered  an  interesting  address  on  the  early  history  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  '■'■Ancient  Masons"  (as  it  was  originally  denominated) ; 
tracing  the  manner  of  its  organization,  referring  in  terms  of  eulogy  to  the  dis- 
tinguished brethren  who  formed  its  first  Board  of  Officers,  and  comprehensively 
sketching,  with  clearness  and  precision,  the  important  part  sustained  in  its 
establishment  by  Saint  Andrew's  Lodge  ;  illustrating  this  point  of  his  ad- 
dress by  historical  data  from  the  records  of  the  two  bodies,  and  other  reliable 
and  official  sources. 

The  committee  have  the  pleasure  to  lay  this  address  before  the  brethren 
of  the  Lodge  in  the  following  pages.  Bro.  Moore  has,  since  its  delivery, 
elaborated  it  by  the  addition  of  such  further  documents  as  seemed  to  be 
necessary  to  illustrate  the  early  history  and  struggles  of  the  Lodge,  more  fully 
and  satisfactorily  than  a  general  course  of  remark  would  admit  of. 


-<^J,~-i^c 


IV.  Master  and  Brethren  : 

It  may  not  be  an  extravagant  assumjDtion  nor  yet  an  improbable 
one,  to  suppose  that  Oxe  Hundred  Years  ago  this  night,  more  or 
less  of  the  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  either  in  their  associate 
or  individual  capacity,  were  assembled  together  at  their  Hall,  in  the 
old  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  and  were  there  engaged  in  maturing 
the  necessary  measures  for  the  successful  organization,  on  the  fol- 
lowing Wednesday  (being  the  27th  day  of  December),  of  a  second 
Grand  Lodge  in  the  then  town  of  Boston,  to  be  thereafter  known 
as  the  "  Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient  Masons^'  with  their  beloved  and 
distinguished  Brother  Dr.  Joseph  Warren,  for  its  Grand  Master. 
To  the  organization  of  this  body,  and  the  connection  of  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge  with  it,  I  propose  to  limit  the  remarks  I  am 
about  to  submit  in  answer  to  the  call  with  which  you  have  been 
pleased  to  honor  me. 

The  history  of  Freemasonry  in  Massachusetts  is  marked  by 
three  distinct  and  notable  epochs.  The  first  of  these  was  the 
organization  of  the  "St.  John's  Grand  Lodge"  in  1733,  with  the 
R.  W.  Henkv  Price  for  its  Grand  Master:  The  second,  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  "  Ancient  Masons^'  (subsequently 
styled,  and  more  generally  known  in  masonic  history  as  "  The 
Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,")  on  tlic  27th  of  December  1769, 
with  the  R.  W.  Joseph  Warren,  for  its  Grand  Master:  And  the 
third,  the   consolidation   and    union   in    1792, of  these   two   Grand 


22  CEA'  TE  NNIA  L     M  E  M  O  RIAL. 

Lodges  into  one  body,  to  be  thereafter  known  as  the  "  Grand  Lodge 
of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,"  with  the  R.  W.  John 
CuTLKK,  for  its  Grand  Master.  It  is  with  the  second  of  these  lead- 
ing events  that  we,  as  a  Lodge,  are  at  this  time  more  particularly 
concerned. 

On  the  30th  of  July,  1733,  there  was  organized  and  opened  at 
the  Bunch  of  Grapes  Tavern,  on  the  corner  of  King  (now  State) 
and  Kilby  Streets,  in  the  town  of  Boston,  the  first  Grand  Lodge 
of  Freemasons  ever  erected  on  the  American  Continent.  The 
authority  under  which  the  Brethren  on  that  occasion  acted,  was  a 
commission,  or  in  the  language  of  that  day,  a  "  deputation,"  from 
the  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  England,  to  R.  W.  Henry  Price 
of  Boston,  constituting  and  appointing  him  Provincial  Grand  Mas- 
ter for  New  England.  The  body  so  formed  was  denominated,  and 
c(mtinued  to  be  known  until  nearly  the  close  of  the  century,  as  "  The 
St.  John's  Grand  Lodge."  It  went  into  immediate  active  opera- 
tion by  constituting  on  the  evening  of  its  own  erection,  "  The 
First  Lodge  in  Boston."  This  was  the  beginning  of  the  existence 
of  Freemasonry  in  America,  on  its  present  and  modern  plan  of 
organization. 

On  the  30th  of  November,  1756,  a  Charter  was  granted  by  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  for  the  erection  of  a  Lodge  in  Boston, 
under  the  name  and  title  of  the  "  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  ;  "  but  was 
not  received  by  the  petitioners  until  the  following  year,  when  the 
Lodge  was  regularly  organized  under  it.  It  had,  however,  previously 
been  in  operation,  as  will  hereafter  appear.  The  issuing  of  this 
Charter  was  objected  to  and  resisted  by  the  St.  John's  Grand 
Lodge,  which  had  then  been  in  existence  twenty-three  years,  as  an 
infringement  of  its  lawful  jurisdiction.  It  was  claimed  by  that 
body  that  the  commission  of  Grand  Master  Price  gave  him  and 
his  successors,  exclusive  masonic  authority  in  the  Province.  This 
claim  was  not  well  founded.  Massachusetts,  like  all  the  other  col- 
onies and  dependencies  of  the  British  Crown,  was  open  and  free  to 
the  joint  occupancy  of  the  three  Grand  Lodges  of  that  kingdom  : 
namely,  of  l^:ngland,  Ireland  and  Scotland.    The  right,  therefore,  of 


CEATEXA/AL     MEMORIAL.  23 

the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  or  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland, 
or  both  together,  to  estabhsh  Lodges  within  the  Province,  was  as 
clear  and  undoubted  as  that  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England  to 
authorize  the  establishment  of  English  Lodges  within  the  same 
territory.  This  right  of  common  jurisdiction  in  the  Provinces 
was  not,  however,  so  clearly  understood  by  the  Brethren  composing 
the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  as  by  the  parent  Grand  Lodges  of 
Great  Britain  (which  alone  had  control  over  it),  as  -.vill  be  seen  by  the 
letter,  hereafter  cited,  from  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland.  The 
result  was  a  long  and  exciting  controversy,  which  was  not  always 
particularly  distinguished  for  its  amiability  or  fraternal  courtesy. 
To  such  an  extent  indeed  had  this  feeling  of  unkindness  and  spirit 
of  exclusiveness  obtained,  that  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  by  a. 
formal  vote,  forbade  all  masonic  intercourse  with  the  members  of 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  declaring  their  organization  to  be  irregular 
and  without  lawful  authority.  This  vote  was  in  the  following 
terms,  and  was  adopted  April  8,  1761  : 

"  Voted,  That  it  be,  and  it  is  herein'  recommended  and  ordered  liy  the  Grand  Master, 
that  no  Meml)er  of  a  regularly  constituted  Lodge  in  Boston,  do  a])pear  at  the  meeting 
(or  the  Lodge  so  called)  of  .Scotts  Masons  in  Boston,  not  l^eing  regularly  constituted  in 
the  opinion  of  this  (Grand)  Lodge.  The  Master  and  Wardens  of  the  several  Lodges, 
are  desired  to  take  notice  of  this  Order  at  their  next  meeting." 

9 

This  was  a  declaration  of  outlawry  to  which  the  proscribed 
Brethren  could  not  passively  submit,  without  a  dishonorable  abne- 
gation of  their  masonic  character  and  prerogatives.  On  the 
receipt  of  a  copy  of  it,  the  members  of  the  Lodge  laid  their 
grievances  before  their  parent  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  and  sought 
the  interposition  of  that  body  to  relieve  them  from  the  embarrass- 
ments and  humiliation  to  which  they  were  so  unjustly  subjected, 
and  received  from  the  luirl  of  Elgin  and  Kincardin,  its  Grand  Mas- 
ter, an  answer,  under  date  Edinburgh  June  4,  1762,  from  which  the 
following  is  an  extract ; 

'•  The  last  reason  assigned  by  the  Lodges  in  Boston  for  their  unkind  behavior  to  you 
is,  that  the  Right  Worshii)ful  Jercn\iah  (Jeremy)  Gridley,  ICsc].,  looks  upon  your  Charter 


24  CE N TE NNI A  L     M EMORIAL. 

as  an  infringement  (if  his  Province  as  Grand  Master  of  North  America  ;  it  is  my  opinion 
there  may  he  some  mistake  in  this  ;  you  say  he  saw,  read  and  approved  of  your  Char- 
ter ;  if  he  liad  any  objections,  he  certainly  would  have  signified  them  to  you  when  you 
showed  him  your  Charter.  I  am  confident  my  R.  W.  Brother  Jeremiah  Gridley,  Esq., 
knows  and  olxserves  the  principles  of  Masonry  better,  than  to  take  offence  where  there 
is  not  the  smallest  reason  given  for  it.  I  do  not  doubt  nor  dispute  his  authority  as 
Grand  Master  of  all  the  Lodges  in  North  America,  wJio  ackncndedge  the  aitthority,  and 
liold  of  tJic  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  as  he  certainly  has  a  warrant  and  commission  from 
the  Grand  Master  of  England  to  that  effect.  The  Grand  Master  and  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland  have  also  granted  a  warrant  and  commission  to  our  R.  W.  Bro.  Col.  John 
A'oung,  Esq.,  constituting  and  appointing  him  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  all  the 
Lodges  in  North  America,  who  acknowledge  the  authority  and  hold  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland.  These  Commissions,  when  rightly  understood,  can  never  clash  or 
interfere  with  each  other." 

It  will  be  seen  by  tbls  answer  that  the  right  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland  to  an  equal  and  common  jurisdiction  with  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  England  in  the  Province,  is  asserted  and  insisted 
on  bv  the  Grand  Master  of  the  former  ;  and  I  am  not  aware  that 
it  was  then,  or  ever,  subsequently  or  anterior  to  the  Revolution, 
questioned  or  denied  by  the  latter  body.  So  far  as  I  am  able  to 
ascertain  from  the  record,  the  objection  to  the  recognition  of  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge  on  this  ground,  was  here  permitted  to  subside,  or 
was  not  urged  with  its  former  pertinacity. 

Of  the  appointment  of  Col.  John  Young  as  "  Provincial  Grand 
Master  of  all  the  Lodges  in  North  America,"  we  have  no  other 
record  than  that  here  given.  It  is  evident,  however,  that  if  that 
Brother  had,  at  any  time  subsequent  to  his  appointment,  entered 
upon  the  active  duties  of  his  office,  the  effect  would  have  been  to 
supersede  the  authority  of  Dr.  Warren  ;  but  as  this  did  not  occur, 
the  only  inference  to  be  drawn  from  it  is,  that  his  commission  was 
suffered  to  lie  in  abeyance.  It  is  certain  that  Warren  was  never 
removed  or  molested  in  his  authority  by  it. 

It  would  occupy  too  much  of  our  time  to  follow  this  unpleasant 
controversy  in  detail,  through  all  its  intricate  and  various  windings 
to  its  final  result  ;  nor  is   this   necessary,  my  only  object   being   to 


CENTE NNI A  L     M E  M O  A'  /  A  L  . 


25 


illustrate  the  trials  and  eml:»arrassments  to  which  the  Lodcre  was 
subjected  in  the  early  days  of  its  history,  its  successful  triumph 
over  them,  and  final  attainment  to  the  elevated  position  it  now 
holds  among  its  sister  Lodges.  Passing  over  the  intervening  years, 
we  find  that  in  January,  i  '/66,  the  Lodge  passed  the  following  vote, 
and  directed  the  committee  whose  names  are  attached  to  it,  to  lay 
the  same  before  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  :  — 

Right  Worshipful  Grand  Master,  Right  Worshipful  Deputy  Grand  Master,  and  Wor- 
shipful Wardens  and  other  Grand  Officers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  St.  John  in  Grand 
Lodge  assembled  : 

As  harmony  and  sincere  friendship  are  ornaments  which  add  the  greatest  lustre  to 
Masonry,  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  being  assembled  for  the  purpose  of  promoting 
brotherly  love  and  unity,  have  unanimously  voted,  That  the  compliments  of  this  Lodge 
should  be  presented  to  the  Right  Worshipful  Grand  Master  of  North  America,  the 
Right  Worshipful  Deputy  Grand  Master,  Grand  Wardens  and  all  the  Brethren  holding 
under  them,  desiring  their  company  at  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  whenever  it  may  be 
agreeable  to  them,  and  that  there  may  be  a  happy  coalition. 


-    Committee. 


Samuel  Barreti-, 
Ezra  Collins, 
William  Palfrey, 
Saml.  Danforph,  Jr., 
Joseph  Warren. 

This  communication  was  presented  to  the  Grand  Lodge  on  the 
24th  of  January,  accompanied  by  a  letter  from  the  Grand  Secre- 
tary of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  which,  the  record  says, 
"  highly  reflected  on  the  Right  Worshipful  Grand  Master."  The 
action  on  it  by  that  body  was  deferred  until  the  27th,  and  then 
resulted  in  the  adoption  of  the  following  remarkable  answer : 

Voted,  That  Isaac  Decoster,  David  Magg,  George  Graham,  George  Lowclitt,  George 
Bray,  George  Hodge,  Henry  Ammes,  William  Burbeck  and  James  Tourncr,  the  persons 
named  as  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  in  the  Constitution  of  a  Lodge  called  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge  in  Boston  in  New  England,  by  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland,  were  not  at  the 
time  of  their  application  for  it,  or  at  the  date  ol  said  Constitution,  tree  and  aciepled 
Masons. 


25  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

Voted,  ThiU  the  aforesaid  application  as  free  and  accepted  Masons  was  an  imposition 
on  tlie  Clrand  1  ,odgc  of  Scotland. 

\'oted,  That  the  aforesaid  persons  who  petitioned   for  the   said  Constitutions  and  all 
'  jiersons  who  have  since  been  added  tt)  them  in  their  Fraternity  are  irregular  Masons. 

Voted,  That  it  appears  from  the  Records  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  that  several  of  the 
members  of  said  irregular  Lodge  have  at  different  times  applied  to  this  Grand  Lodge 
"  for  liberty  to  visit  the  Lodges  under  our  jurisdiction,  and  have,  for  said  irregularity,  been 
refused  this  lilierty,  and  further  that  all  the  Members  of  our  Lodges  have  been  pro- 
hibitetl  by  vote  of  this  Grand  J^odge  to  visit  said  irregular  Lodge.  Voted,  therefore, 
that  the  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  under  this  jurisdiction  cannot  visit  said  Fraternity 
according  to  a  request  of  their  Committee  in  writing,  dated  the  24th  of  January,  inst. 

Voted,  that  the  aforesaid  votes  be  recorded  in  the   Grand  Lodge  Books,  and  that  a 
^  copy  of  the  same  be  given   to   the   Committee   of  the  Fraternity  above  mentioned,  when 
demanded. 

Voted,  that  the  Grand  Master  be  desired  by  the  first  opportunity  to  transmit  to  the 
Grand  Master  of  England  a  copy  of  the  above  votes. 

The    bad    spirit    in    which   these    votes    were   written,    is    not 
their   most  objectionable  feature.      The  Brethren  who   composed 
the  Committee  of  the  Lodge,  with  the  exception  of  Ezra  Colhns, 
were  all  made  Masons  in   St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  under  the  authority 
of  its  Charter  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  and  were,  there- 
fore, as  lawfully  made,  and  entitled  to  as  much  consideration  and 
respect,  as  the  Grand  Master  who  presided  over  these  deliberations. 
The  validity  of  the  Charter  of  the   Lodge,  and  the  lawful  making 
"of  the   petitioners  for  it,  were  matters  in  which  the  Grand  Lodge 
had  no  control  or  right  to  interfere.     Both  subjects  had  passed  be- 
yond its  reach.     Whatever  may  have  been  irregular  in  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Lodge  in  the  earlier  days  of  its  organization,  had  been 
masonicaJly  regularized    and    confirmed    by   the    Grand   Lodge   of 
Scotland,  under  whose  authority  it   existed,  and   to  which  body  it 
was  alone  amenable.     If  the    St.    John's  Grand  Lodge   had  any 
grievances  to  complain  of,  it  was  to  that  body  its  complaints  should 
have  been  preferred. 

The  Lodge  could  not,  consistently  with  its  own  self-respect,  pass 


C  E  N  T  E  N NIA  L     MEMORIAL.  27 

ov^er  in  silence  an  assault  so  unfraternal  and  derogatory  to  its  char- 
acter. We  accordingly  find  that  at  a  meeting  held  on  the  follow- 
ing loth  of  April,  the  votes  adopted  by  the  Grand  Lodge  on  the  - 
27th  of  January,  were  ordered  to  be  read,  and  that  in  answer  to 
them,  "  the  following  votes  were  unanimously  passed  by  thirty- 
four  Brethren  then  present,"  viz  : 

1st.  Voted,  That  the  first  vote  of  tlie  Grand  Lodge,  which  asserts  that  "  Isaac 
Decoster,  David  Flagg,  George  Graham,  George  Lowditt,  George  l>ray,  George  Hodge, 
Henry  Ammes,  and  James  Tourner,  the  persons  named  in  the  Constitution  of  a  Lodge, 
called  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  in  Boston,  were  not  at  the  time  of  their  application,  or  at  the 
date  of  said  Constitution,  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,"  is  erroneous  and  contains  its 
own  refutation. 

2d.  Voted,  That  the  second  vote  of  the  said  Grand  Lodge  which  asserts  that  the 
aforesaid  application  was  "  an  imposition  on  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,"  is  at  least 
a  mistake  ;  the  truth  being  as  follows  :  Our  Worshipful  Brother  James  Logan,  who  had 
been  Master  of  a  Lodge  in  Scotland,  and  a  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge  there,  was. 
when  in  Boston,  A.  D.  5754,  perfectly  informed  of  the  manner  and  circumstances  by 
which  the  persons  aforesaid  became  acquainted  with  the  mysteries  of  Masonry,  and 
was  desired  upon  his  return  to  Scotland,  truly  to  represent  their  difficulties  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland,  and  to  endeavor  to  procure  for  them  a  Ch.irter  :  The  (irand  Lodge 
of  Scotland  finding  from  the  relation  given  by  our  Brother  Logan,  that  a  number  of 
persons  in  Boston,  intrusted  with  the  secrets  of  Masonry,  were,  notwithstanding  their 
repeated  application,  refused  admittance  into  the  regular  Lodges  in  said  Boston  ;  the 
said  Grand  Lodge  in  their  great  wisdom,  thought  fit  to  grant  them  a  Charter  of  new 
erection,  with  ample  privileges,  thereby  manifesting  their  approbation  of  them  as  P'ree 
and  Accepted  Masons. 

3d.  Voted,  That  it  appears  from  the  fourth  and  fifth  votes  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  that 
the  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  have  acted  consistently  with  their  character  as 
^L^sons,  in  their  application  to  the  Grand  Lodge  for  liberty  to  visit  the  Lodges  under 
their  jurisdiction,  and  that  the  conduct  of  said  Grand  Lodge  in  refusing  them,  and  pro- 
hibiting their  members  from  visiting  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  was  directly  subversive 
of  the  principles  of  Masonry. 

4th.     Voted,  That  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  have  in  time  past,  shown  all  due  respect^ 
and  regard  to  the  members  of  the  Grand  Lodge  in   Boston,  and  to  the   brethren  under 
their  jurisdiction,  and  that  their  future  behavior  shall  ever  demonstrate  their  affection 


28  CE  N  TE  NNIA  L     M  E  M  O  R I A  L . 

for  them,  and  their  determined  resolution  to  embrace  every  method,  consistent  with  the 
good  of  Masonry  and  their  own  honor,  to  promote  a  social  intercourse  with  persons 
whom  they  so  highly  esteem  as  Brethren  and  friends. 

5th.  Voted,  That  the  aforesaid  votes  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  the  above  votes  of 
this  Lodge,  be  recorded  in  the  Books  of  this  Lodge. 

6th.  Voted,  That  a  copy  of  the  complimentary  address,  from  this  Lodge  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  in  Boston,  together  with  the  votes  of  said  Grand  Lodge  in  consequence  of  said 
address,  and  the  above  votes,  be  transmitted  to  the  Grand  Lodge  in  Scotland,  by  the 
first  opportunity. 

7th.  Voted,  That  Bros.  William  Burbeck,  Samuel  Barrett,  Moses  Deshon,  Ezra 
Collins,  William  Palfrey,  Samuel  Danforth,  jr.,  and  Joseph  Warren,  be  a  committee  to 
present  the  aforesaid  votes  to  the  Grand  Master  and  Grand  Lodge  in  their  next  meet- 
ing. 

A  true  copy  from  the  original. 

Moses  Deshon, 

William  Burbeck, 

Samuel  Barrett, 

Ezra  Collins,  \    Committee. 

William  Palfrey, 

Saml.  Danforth,  jr., 

Joseph  Warren. 

It  cannot  escape  notice  that  the  tone  of  these  votes  is  in  beauti- 
ful contrast  with  the  temper  of  those  to  which  they  are  in  answer. 
They  were  communicated  to  the  Grand  Lodge  as  directed  in  the 
seventh  vote,  on  the  25th  of  April  ;  when  a  committee  of  the  Lodge 
being  announced  as  in  attendance,  it  was  by  that  body 

Voted,  That  Bro.  Richard  Gridley,  Bro.  Joseph  Gardner,  Bro.  A.  C.  Savage,  Bro. 
Edmund  Quincy,  G.  S.,  Bro.  Thomas  Walley,  Bro.  John  Joy,  Bro.  John  Cutler,  be  a 
committee  from  this  Lodge  to  meet  said  committee  of  said  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  to  hear 
what  they  have  further  to  offer,  on  Monday  next,  at  this  House,  at  6  o'clock,  P.  M. 

The  two  committees  met,  in  accordance  with  this  vote,  at  the 
Royal  Exchange  Tavern  in  King  Street,  where  the  existing  differ- 
ences seem  to  have  been  fully  and  frankly  discussed.  The  character 
of  their  discussions  and  the  results  to  which  they  had  arrived  were 


C  E  N  T  E  N  N I A  L     ME  M  O  R I A  L.  29 

communicated  to  the  Grand  Lodge  by  its  Committee,  on  the  2d  of 
May,  in  the  following  report  : 

To  the  Right  Worshipful  Grand  Master,  Deputy  Grand  Master,  Grand  Wardens  and 
nieml:)ers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  held  at  Boston,  for  all 
North  America,  where  no  other  Grand  Master  is  appointed  : 

Whereas,  on  Friday,  the  25th  of  April,  5766  (being  Grand  Lodge  night),  a  committee 
from  the  Lodge  (commonly  called  St.  Andrew's  Lodge),  sent  up  to  said  Grand  Lodge 
a  number  of  votes,  passed  in  their  said  Lodge,  the  loth  of  April  last,  and  at  the  same 
time  requested  to  be  admitted  to  communicate  something  further,  viva  voce,  to  the  said 
Cjrand  Lodge  :  whereupon  the  said  votes  were  read,  and  were  found  to  be  couched  in 
very  disrespectful  terms,  in  several  parts  of  them,  to  a  Grand  Lodge,  and  some  of  their 
assertions,  wholly  ambiguous.  It  was  then  moved,  whether  the  said  committee  should 
be  admitted  into  the  Grand  Lodge,  to  explain  those  doubtful  parts  of  their  votes,  and 
to  deliver  what  they  had  further  to  offer  to  the  Grand  Lodge.  Upon  the  question  being 
put,  it  passed  in  the  negative,  as  being  inconsistent  with  the  votes  of  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  January  27th  last  passed.  A  motion  was  then  made,  that  a  committee  be  appointed, 
out  of  the  members  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  to  confer  with  said  committee,  relating  to  the 
premises,  and  to  inquire  into  the  state  of  the  difference  subsisting  between  the  said 
Grand  Lodge,  the  Lodges  subordinate  to  it,  and  the  said  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  which 
motion  being  seconded,  the  Grand  Lodge  were  pleased  to  make  choice  of  us,  the  sub- 
scribers, to  be  their  Committee  for  the  purposes  aforesaid,  who  agreed  to  meet  the  other 
committee  at  the  Royal  Exchange  Tavern,  on  Monday  the  28th  of  April  last ;  and  the 
Grand  Lodge  adjourned  to  Friday,  the  2d  of  May  instant,  to  receive  their  report. 

The  two  committees  having  met  accordingly,  the  Chairman  of  the  Grand  Lodge 
committee  having  opened  the  business  for  which  they  had  met,  the  fust  question  was, 
what  the  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  committee  had  to  communicate  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  that 
they  desired  admittance,  as  before  mentioned  .^  To  which  one  of  them  replied,  that  they 
as  a  committee,  thought  that  there  were  some  expressions  in  the  votes  of  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge,  which  they  thought  too  harsh,  and  that  they  were  willing  viva  voce,  to  soften 
those  terms,  to  show  they  did  not  fail  in  the  respect  that  was  due  to  the  Grand  Lodge. 
Then  they  reiterated  their  former  address  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  of  January  24th  last, 
which  brought  on  a  long  argument,  wherein  all  the  Grand  Lodge's  objections  to  them 
for  the  irregularity  of  their  beginning  and  subsequent  proceedings  were  fully  urged,  and 
their  vindication  of  themselves  was  as  strongly  opposed  to  those  objections.  At  last 
this  question  was  put  to  them,  what  they  had  to  propose  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  to  bring 
about  the  accommodation  they  so  much  desired.'  for  the  language  of  the  Constitutions 
for  irregularities,  was  submission  !  To  which  they  rei)lied  as  follows,  and  desired  it  to 
be  minuted,  viz  :  — 


30 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL 


1st.  The  Committee  from  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  moving  to  l^e  admitted  into  the 
drand  Lodge,  held  h\st  P'riday  night,  was  to  explain  and  soften  the  terms  of  their  votes 
of  April  loth,  5766. 

2d.  They  also  acknowledge  in  behalf  of  said  Lodge,  that  all  the  proceedings  of  those 
persons  before  their  application  for  a  constitution  from  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland, 
were  irregular  and  wrong  ;  but  are  fully  of  opinion,  that  the  proceedings  of  said  St. 
,^  Andrew's  Lodge,  after  their  Constitution,  have  been  regular  and  just  ;  and  that,  although 
they,  before  their  Constitution,  were  irregular,  yet  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland  has  a 
^  power  of  dispensation,  and  can  make  irregular  Masons,  regular.  Therefore  they  think 
thenrselves  regular. 

3d.  They  also  propose  and  desire  to  be  admitted  to  visit  our  Lodges  and  that  our 
Lodges  visit  them,  and  that  there  may  be  a  union  of  love  and  friendship,  between  the 
several  Lodges. 

Upon  which  your  Committee,  after  mature  deliberation  of  their  votes  presented  last 
Grand  Lodge  night,  and  the  minutes  which  they  desired  us  to  make  of  their  Conces- 
sions, etc.,  at  their  meeting  with  us  ;  and  after  largely  discoursing  upon  the  affair  with 
said  Committee,  came  to  the  following  determination  : 

1st.  That  their  explanation  of  the  first  vote  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  viz  :  "that  it  is 
erroneous,  and  contains  its  own  refutation,"  is  not  satisfactory  to  us,  although  they 
think  the  day  their  Constitution  bore  date,  their  power  commenced.  Our  opinion  is, 
"  their  power  could  not  commence  before  the  receipt  and  possession  of  said  Constitution. 

2d.  Their  answer  to  our  second  vote,  wherein  they  say,  "it  is  at  least  a  mistake," 
we  would  observe,  they  produce  no  copy  of  any  application,  but  declare  the  Grand 
Master  of  Scotland  was  duly  informed  of  their  being  irregular  Masons,  and  that  Uecoster 

^   had  applied  to  us  for  admittance  into  the  Lodge,  but  was  refused,  only  by  two  votes, 
upon  which  the  rest  despaired  of  gaining  admittance  among  us  ;  therefore,  it  appears 

^  to  us  not  improbable,  but  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland   might    know   their  circum- 
stances. 

3d.  Their  third  vote,  w'hich  says,  "that  it  appears  from  the  fourth  and  fifth  votes  of 
the  Grand  Lodge,  that  the  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  Have  acted  consistent  with 
their  character  as  Masons,  in  their  application  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  for  liberty  to  visit 

the  Lodges  under  this  jurisdiction," "and  that  the  conduct  of  said  Grand  Lodge  in 

refusing  them,  and  prohibiting  their  members  from  visiting  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew, 
was  directly  subversive  of  the  principles  of  Masonry  : "  it  is  our  opinion  the  first  part 
of  the  above  vote  is  premature;  they  not  considering  the  Laws  of  Masons  require  ir- 
regular Masons  to  make   a  proper  submission,  before  they  can  be  received. — The  last 

•    ])art  is  disrespectful  and   injurious   to  this  Gran  1   Lodge,  and  discovers  they  were  unac- 
quainted with  the  laws  and  ]3rinciples  of  Masonry. 


Cdinmittee. 


C  E  N  T  E  NN 1 A  L     M  E  M  O  R I  A  L  .  31 

4th.  We  are  glad  to  lind  liv  their  fimrlh  vote,  tliat  "it  is  their  deterniined  resohilinn 
to  embrace  every  method,  consistent  with  the  good  of  Masonry  and  their  own  honor,  to 
promote  a  social  intercourse  with  persons  whom  they  so  highly  esteem  as  brethren  and 
friends."  And  we  doubt  not  the  Lodges  under  this  jurisdiction  will  ever  show  as  great 
a  zeal  to  promote  love  and  friendship,  and  the  principles  of  Masonry,  as  any  Lodge  what- 
ever. 

Richard  Gkidi.f.v, 
Edmund  Quincy,  ]\<., 
John  Cutler, 
Joseph  Gardner, 
Thomas  Wallev, 
John  Joy. 

Boston,  May  2d,  1766. 

N.  B.     Bro.  Abram  Savage  was  absent  at  giving  in  the  above  re]iort,  he  being  another,- 
of  the  Committee. 

The   asperity  of  the  controversy  was   softened.     The  storm  was 
broken.     Still,  dark  and   threatening-  clouds  obscured  the  prospect. 
The  future  was  uncertain.       Nothing  definite  had  been    reached. 
And  having   unsuccessfully  exhausted   its   powers   of  endurance  in 
efforts  to  establish  more  amicable  relations,  and  to  effect  a  fraternal 
reconciliation  of  its  difficulties  with  the  Brethren  of  the  St.  John's 
Grand  Lodge,  the  Lodge  sought  the  aid  of  the  three  Military  Lodges  , 
attached  to  foreign  regiments  then  stationed  in   Boston,  in  a  peti- 
tion to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  for  the  appointment,  in  virtue 
of  its  own  inherent  and  undoubted  right,  of  a  Grand  Master  for  the 
Province,  clothed  with  the  ample  powers  of  an  officer  of  that  distin- 
guished rank.     The  co-operation   of  the  officers  of  these   Lodges 
was  probably  the  more    readily  obtained  by  reason  of   the  favor- 
able    consideration     in    which    the    young    and    popular    Warren 
was  held  by  the  military  men  of  that  day.      One  of  the  reasons 
urged  by  the  petitioners  in  support  of  their  petition,  was  the  neces- 
sity for  a  less  precarious  and   uncertain  protection   than   they  then 
enjoyed,   of  the   rights   of  J^rethren  who   had   enrolled   themselves 
and  were  in  sym])athy  with  the  so-called  Auciait  Masons  ;  to  which 
relation    1    shall    hereafter  have  occasion    to    refer   more   in   detail, 
'ihe  prayer  of  the   i)etilioners  was   granted,  and   the    K.  \V.  Josepli 


32 


CENTE  N  N I A  L     ME  M  O  R I A  L. 


Warren,  at  the  time  Master  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  was  commis- 
sioned on  the  30th  of  May,  1 769,  by  the  Rt.  Hon.  George,  Earl  of 
Dalhousie,  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  Scotland,  "  to  be  Grand 
Master  of  Masons  in  Boston,  New  England,  and  within  one  hun- 
dred miles  of  the  same."  Under  this  authority  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Ancient  Masons,  better  known  as  the  "  Massachusetts  Grand 
"Lodge,"  was  organized  at  Mason's  Hall,  in  the  Green  Dragon  Tav- 
ern (the  property  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge),  on  the  27th  of  Decem- 
ber, 1 769,  with  the  following  officers  :  — 


Joseph  Warren,  ....  Grand 

Jeremiah  French,  Esq.,  Capt.  in  29th  Reg.  Senior 

PoNSONBY  Molesworth,  Esq.,  "     "         "  Junior 

William  Palfrey,  (by  proxy),      .         .  Grand 

Thomas  Crafts,  .         .         .         .  Grand 

Joseph  Webb,        .....  Grand 

Paul  Revere,        .         .         .         .         .  Senior 

Samuel  Danforth,       .         .         .         .  Junior 

Thomas  Urann,  Caleb  Hopkins,  .  Grand 

Edward  Proctor,  ....  Grand 


Master. 

Grand  Warden. 
Grand  Warden. 
Secretary. 
Treasurer. 
Marshal. 
Grand  Deacon. 
Grand  Deacon. 
Stewards. 
Sword-Bearer. 


Of  the  above  officers,  Bros.  Warren,  Crafts,  Webb,  Revere, 
Danforth,  Urann,  Hopkins,  and  Proctor,  were  active  members  of 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge.  The  Wardens,  Bros.  French  and  Molesworth, 
were  members  of  Military  Lodges,  then  temporarily  in  the  Province, 
and  were  obviously  appointed  to  the  offices  named,  for  the  purpose 
of  completing  the  organization,  and  in  compliment  to  the  military 
Brethren  on  the  station,  who  had  taken  an  active  interest  in  the 
success  of  the  new  enterprise.  They,  however,  occupied  their 
places  but  for  a  single  session  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  At  the  second 
meeting  of  that  body  on  the  12th  of  January,  these  offices  were 
filled  pro  tan.  by  Bros.  Joseph  Webb  and  Moses  Deshon.  The 
regular  Wardens,  it  is  believed,  soon  after  left  the  Province  ;  and  it 
is  certain  that  they  never  subsequently  took  any  active  part  in  the 
affairs  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  The  two  military  Lodges,  namely. 
No.  5<S  of  the  Registry  of  England,  and  No.  322  of  the  Registry  of 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  is 

Ireland,  which  had  united  in  the  petition  to  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland,  were  present  by  their  Masters  and  Wardens,  at  the 
organization  on  the  27th  of  December,  1769,  and  also  at  the  suc- 
ceeding meetings  Jan.  12,  and  March  2,  1770;  but  were  never 
present  afterwards.  —  The  withdrawal  of  these  two  Lodges  was 
supplied  March  2,  1770,  by  a  Charter  to  Tyrian  Lodge,  Gloucester, 
and  to  Massachusetts  Lodge,  Boston,  May  13th.  The  latter  was 
a  branch  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  the  petitioners,  without  an  exxep- 
tion,  being  members  of  it.  The  Brethren  to  whom  the  Charter 
was  granted  were  Joseph  Tyler,  James  Jackson,  Lsaac  Rand, 
William  Palfrey,  John  Hill,  Nathaniel  Cudworth,  Joshua  Loring, 
and  John  Jeffries.  Tyler  was  the  first  Master.  A  Charter  was 
also  granted  to  St.  Peter's  Lodge,  Newburyport,  March  6,  1772. 
These  were  the  only  Charters  which  bore  the  name  of  Gen.  W^arren, 
as  Grand  Master.  —  The  third  of  the  military  Lodges  was  not 
present  at  the  formation  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  nor  subsequently. 
Thus  within  about  two  months  after  its  establishment  it  became, 
practically,  little  more  than  a  duplication  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge, 
which  was  now  in  a  condition  where  it  could  successfully  as- 
sert its  own  integrity,  and  protect  its  own  rights.  The  Grand 
Lodge  so  formed  and  constituted,  was  a  child  of  its  own.  It  had 
watched  its  incipiency  and  subsequent  advancement  with  the  solic- 
itude natural  to  the  relation  it  sustained  to  it  ;  and  it  anxiously 
looked  forward  to  the  day  when  it  should  attain  to  full  manhood 
and  take  its  place  as  an  independent  masonic  power  within  the 
Province,  as  the  day  which  was  to  mark  the  recognition  of  its  own 
rightful  prerogatives,  and  relieve  it  of  the  embarrassments  and 
unjust  imputations  to  which  it  had  been  subjected  for  more  than  a 
decade  of  its  legal  existence.  It  was  an  anxious  and  momentous 
day  to  its  members,  and  was  destined  to  signalize  one  of  the  most 
interesting  and  important  epochs  in  the  early  history  of  Freema- 
sonry on  the  American  continent. 

The  new  body  was  erected  as  an  Ancient  Grand  Lodge,  in  sym- 
pathy with  the  seceding  Grand  Lodge  established  in  London,  about 
1738,  —  producing  a  schism  in  the  P>aternity  in  luigland  that  was 


34  C  E  N  TE  NNI A  L     M  E  Jf  ORI A  L. 

not  healed  until  1813.  But  this  statement  is  too  general  for  a  clear 
understanding  of  the  precise  relation  which  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland  primarily,  and  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  subse- 
quently, sustained  to  that  unwarrantable  act  of  recusancy.  The 
schismatic  body  originated  with  some  restless  Brethren  in  London, 
who,  in  1738,  becoming  dissatisfied  with  certain  measures  of  the 
established  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  seceded  from  that  body  and 
organized  themselves  into  independent  Lodges,  under  what  they, 
without  authority,  claimed  to  be  the  York  Constitutions.  They 
were  originally  few  in  number  and  of  little  influence  in  the  frater- 
nity ;  and  had  they  been  left  to  themselves,  would  probably  have 
soon  abandoned  their  unlawful  proceedings,  and  relapsed  into  the 
insignificance  from  which  they  sprung.     But  unfortunately,  and  as 

^  the  event  proved,  unwisely,  the  Grand  Lodge  at  London  publicly 
denounced  them,  and  then  undertook  to  exclude  them  from  its 
Lodges,  by  an  unauthorized  alteration  of  the  ritual.  This  gave  to 
the  recalcitrant  Brethren  an  advantage  of  which  they  were  but 
too  ready  to  avail  themselves  ;  and  calling  to  their  aid  the  assistance 
of  an  Irish  masonic  adventurer,  of  some  tact  and  ability,  and  in- 
creasing the  number  of  their  Lodges,  they  in  turn  denounced  their 
mother  Grand  Lodge  as  having  violated  the  established  landmarks 
and  corrupted  the  ancient  ritual  of  the  Order ;  thereby  resolving 
itself  into  a  Grand  Lodge  of  Modem  Masons.  This  denunciation 
was  followed  by  the  erection  in  London,  of  the  irregular  and  clan- 

^  destine  body  which  long  filled  a  prominent  and  important  place 
in  masonic  history,  as  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient  Masons. 

In  order  to  place  this  factitious  distinction  of  Ancient  and  ATodcrn 
Masons  in  its  true  light,  it  may  be  proper  to  say  that  these  terms  are 
not  to  be  received  in  their  common  and  ordinary  acceptation.  All 
legitimate  Masonry,  wherever  practiced  in  the  Lodges,  at  that  or 
the  present  time,  is  equally  Ancient,  by  whatever  name  it  may  be 
called.  It  all  has  a  common  origin,  and  is  derived  from  a  common 
source,  whether  that  source  be  the  valley  of  the  Nile,  or  Eleusis, 
or  Tyre,  or  Jerusalem — a  pre-historic  or  a  modern  age.  The 
Masonry  of  England,  of  Scotland,  of  Ireland,  and   of  America,  and 


C  E  NTE  NAI A  L     M  E  M  O  R 1 A  L.  35 

wherever  else  it  is  to  be  found  in  its  purity,  is  identical.  The  only 
difference  in  the  antiquity  of  either,  is  in  the  comparative  date  of 
its  introduction  and  organization  in  their  respective  territories. 

But  to  return.  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  never  officially 
endorsed  or  fully  sympathized  with  the  disturbing  elements  in 
England  ;  nor  did  it  approve  of  or  sanction  the  changes  introduced 
into  the  ritual  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  that  kingdom.  Neither  did 
it  justify  or  uphold  the  recusant  Brethren  in  their  irregular  pro-  - 
ceedings.  On  the  contrary,  it  occupied  neutral  ground,  and 
recognized  both  parties,  irrespective  of  their  local  dissensions. 
Lawrie.  in  his  History  of  Masonry  in  Scotland,  elucidates  this  point 
in  the  following  words  :  — 

"  In  the  general  History  of  Free  Masonry,  we  have  already  given  an  account  of  the 
schism  which  took  place  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  by  the  secession  of  a  number 
of  men,  who,  calling  themselves  Ancient  Masons,  invidiously  bestowed  upon  the  Grand 
Lodge  the  appellation  of  Moderns.  These  Ancient  Masons,  who  certainly  merit  blame, 
as  the  active  promoters  of  the  schism,  chose  for  their  Grand  Master,  in  the  year  1772,  , 
his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Athol,  who  was  then  Grand  Master  elect  for  Scotland."  (It  is 
believed  that  anterior  to  this  date,  this  Grand  Lodge  had  been  without  an  actual  Grand 
Master,  that  place  having  been  filled  by  Laurence  Dermott,  under  the  assumed  title 
of  Dei)uty  Grand  Master.)  "  From  this  circumstance,  more  than  from  any  particular 
predilection,  on  the  part  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  for  the  Ancient  Masons,  the 
most  friendly  intercourse  has  always  subsisted  between  the  two  Grand  Lodges  ;  and 
the  Scottish  Masons,  from  their  union  with  the  Ancients,  imbibed  the  same  prejudices 
again.st  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  under  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Lord  Moira, 
arising  merely  from  some  trifling  innovations  in  ceremonial  observances,  which  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  England  had  inconsiderately  authorized.  From  these  causes  the  Grand 
Lodges  of  Scotland  and  England,  though  the  brethren  of  both  were  admitted  into  each 
others'  Lodges,  never  cherished  that  mutual  and  friendly  intercourse  which,  by  the  prin- 
ciples of  Freemasonry,  they  were  bound  to  institute  and  jireserve." 

7\nd  this  indicates  the  relation  which  the  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge  held  to  the  so-called  Ancient  Masons  of  London.  While  it 
did  not  absolutely  endorse  the  change,  slight  as  it  was,  in  the  ritual. 
by  the  modern  Grand  Lodge,  it  did  not  sympathize  with  the  schis- 
matics in  their  extreme  radical  measures  for  its  correction. 


36  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

General  Warren  continued  to  preside  over  tlie  Massachusetts 
Grand  Lodge  as  its  Grand  Master,  until  his  premature  death  on 
Bunker  Hill,  on  the  17th  of  June,  1775.  He  left  the  body  firmly 
established,  in  an  eminently  prosperous  condition,  and  with  a  high 
and  honorable  reputation  in  the  community.  The  records  show 
that  he  was  absent  but  on  three  occasions  during  his  Grandmas- 
tership,  and  that  he  was  then  engaged  in  important  business  of 
"  public  interest."  The  last  record  in  which  his  name  appears,  is 
dated  March  3,  1775,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  is  appended  the 
following  memorandum  :  — 

"19th  April,  1775.  Hostility  commenced  between  the  troops  of  G.  Britain  and  Amer- 
ica, in  Lexington  Battle. 

"  In  consequence  of  which  the  Town  was  blockaded  and  no  Lodge  held  until  Dec. 
1776. 

It  appears  from  this,  that  the  Grand  Lodge  failed  to  hold  its 
annual  meeting  in  December,  1775,  only.  This  was  during  the 
"  siege  of  Boston,"  and  when  the  town  was  occupied  by  British 
troops.  Its  officers  were  among  the  leading  and  most  active  patri- 
ots of  the  day,  and  to  them  a  residence  in  the  town  was  neither 
safe  nor  prudent.  They  did,  however,  assemble  on  the  8th  of  April, 
•.1776,  for  the  purpose  of  burying  the  remains  of  their  late  lamented 
Grand  Master,  which  had  then  just  been  recovered  from  their 
rude  resting-place  on  Bunker  Hill.  The  hiatus  in  the  meetings 
of  the  body,  therefore,  covered  but  about  one  year,  including 
one  annual  meeting.  The  reasons  for  this  omission  were  such  as 
to  render  it  not  merely  wholly  unavoidable,  but  expedient  and 
proper.  This  fact  is  both  interesting  and  important,  as  it  furnishes 
the  connecting  link  in  the  chain,  —  the  bridge  over  which  the 
Masonry  of  the  Colony  passed  into  the  State,  preserving  the  con- 
tinuity and  succession  unbroken.  Organization  is  the  breath  of  a 
Grand  Lodge,  and  improvement  the  condition  on  which  it  holds 
its  jurisdiction.  The  elder  Grand  Lodge  was  not  so  fortunate  in 
this  respect  as  its  younger  sister,  but  it  was  happily  relieved  of  its 
embarrassments  by  the  union  of  1792. 


C  E  N  T  E  NNI A  L     ME  M  O  K I A  L. 


n 


In  1773,  General  Warren  received  a  new  commission  from  tlic 
Rt.  Hon.  Patrick,  Earl  of  Dumfries,  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in 
Scotland,  dated  March  3,  1772,  appointing  him  Grand  Master  of 
Masons  for  the  Continent  of  America.  This  commission  bein": 
read  in  Grand  Lodge,  the  record  says,  "  The  M.  W.  Grand  Master, 
by  virtue  of  the  authority  granted  him  in  the  foregoing  cointnission, 
ordered  the  Grand  Secretary  to  read  a  commission  dated  at  Boston, 
New  England,  1773,  appointing  Joseph  Webb,  Esq.,  Deputy  Grand 
Master  under  him."  The  appointment  of  a  Deputy,  by  written 
commission,  was,  it  is  believed,  an  unusual  proceeding  ;  but  for 
which,  in  the  present  case,  the  terms  of  the  record  would  seem  to 
indicate  that  the  Grand  Master  had  received  special  authority. 
Be  this  as  it  may,  the  fact  is  an  interesting  one,  and  if  the  charac- 
ter of  the  commission  was  a  matter  of  personal  preference,  it  may 
not  be  too  great  a  draft  upon  the  imagination  to  suppose  that  he 
had  a  special  object  in  it,  —  a  foreshadowing  of  coming  events, 
when  the  use  of  it  might  be  important  to  the  welfare  of  his  beloved 
Grand  Lodge.  At  the  present  time  such  a  document  would  not 
be  considered  of  any  moment,  inasmuch  as  the  Deputy,  by  appoint- 
ment, would  succeed  his  principal  by  virtue  of  Masonic  usage,  and 
in  self-preservation,  —  on  the  same  principle  that  the  Senior  War- 
den succeeds  to  the  chair  on  the  death  or  absence  of  the  Master 
of  the  Lodge.  But  the  rule  of  succession  appears  not  then  to 
have  been  very  clearly  understood  by  the  Brethren,  and  the  ques- 
tion, whether  the  death  of  the  Grand  Master  did  not  dissolve  the 
Grand  Lodge,  was  discussed,  pro  and  eoji.  with  much  zeal  and 
ability.  And  this  is  the  more  remarkable  in  view  of  the  fact,  that 
.the  chair  of  the  sister  Grand  Lodge  had,  on  several  previous  occa- 
sions, been  occupied  by  the  Deputy  Grand  Master,  or  a  Past  Grand 
Master,  when  made  vacant  by  death  or  otherwise.  The  21st  of 
the  "  Old  Regulations,"  established  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Eng- 
land 1 72 1,  met  this  case  in  the  following  words:  "If  the  Grand 
Master  die  during  his  Mastership,  or  by  sickness,  or  by  being 
beyond  sea,  or  any  other  way,  should  be  render'd  uncapable  of 
discharging   his   office,  the   Dejuity,  or  in   his    absence  the   Senior 


38  CE N TE NNIA  L     M E M ORIAL. 

Grand  Warden,  or  in  his  absence  the  Junior  Grand  Warden,  or  in 
his  absence  any  three  present  Masters  shall  assemble  the  Grand 
Lodge  immediately  ;  in  order  to  advise  together  upon  that  emer- 
gency, and  to  send  two   of  their  number  to   invite  the   last   Grand 

"  Master  to  resume  his  office,  which  now  of  course  reverts  to  him  : 
And  if  he  refuse  to  act,  then  the  next  last,  and  so  backward.  But 
if  no  former  Grand  Master  be  found,  the  present  Deputy  shall  act 
as  principal,  till  a  new  Grand  Master  is  chosen."  The  brethren 
appear  not  to  have  been  acquainted  with  this  regulation  ;  and  hence 
their  embarrassment.      The    succession  of  Deputy  Grand   Master 

"^Webb  to  the  vacant  seat,  was  finally  concurred  in  by  both  parties, 
and  he  continued  to  preside  over  the  Grand  Lodge  until  1777, 
when  he  was  formally  elected  Grand  Master  ;  which  place  he  occu- 

^pied  until  1782,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  John  Warren,  the 
younger  brother  of  General  Warren. 

At  this  time,  the  Grand  Lodge  assumed  the  distinctive  title  by 
which  it  was  subsequently  known,  in  the  adoption  of  the  following 
resolution  :  — 

—  "  Resolved.  That  this  Grand  Lodge  be  forever  hereafter  known  and  called  by  the 
name  of  The  Massachusetts  Grand  Lotlge  of  Ancient  Masons,  and  that  it  is  free  and 
independent  in  its  government  and  official  authority,  of  any  other  Grand  Lodge,  or 
Grand  Master  in  the  universe." 

This  resolution,  which  was  the  first  formal  "  declaration  of  inde- 
pendence "  by  any  Grand  Lodge  on  this  continent,  was  adopted  on 
the  6th  of  December,  1782,  and  was  a  full,  unequivocal  and  irrevo- 
cable severance  of  its  connection  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scot- 
land. But  a  majority  of  the  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge, 
did  not  see  their  way  clear  to  accept  a  measure  so  radical  in  its 
consequences,  without  the  consent  and  concurrence  of  that  body. 
The  matter  was  viewed  as  a  question  of  conscience  and  loyalty  ;  and 
the  decision  to  which  the  Lodge  arrived,  after  a  full  and  earnest 
consideration  of  the  subject,  and  a  careful  weighing  of  its  duties 
and  obligations  to  its  Scottish  parent,  was  communicated  to  the 
body  which  had  thus  declared  its  independence,  —  and  with  which 


CE  N  TE  X  X I A  L     M  E  M  O  R  I A  I. 


39 


it  had  acted  in  harmony  and  cordiahty  from  the  beginning, — in 
the  following  courteous  and  brotherly  letter,  in  answer  to  an 
in\itation  to  unite  with  the  Lodges  acknowledging  the  indepen- 
dent jurisdiction,  in  celebrating  the  approaching  Festival  of  St. 
John : 

Boston,  Deceinljer  21,  17S2. 
Brethren-  — 

We,  the  subscribers,  being  chosen  a  committee  in  behalf  of  St.   Andrew's  Lodge,  to 
answer  a  letter  received  the  12th  inst.,  by  the  hands  of  the  Grand   Secretary,  in  which 
letter  we  are  informed  of  your  intention  of  celebrating  the   Feast  of  St.  John,  and  the 
installing  your  Grand  Officers,  likewise  a  declaration  in  which  it  appears  you  have  as-  ■ 
sumed  an  independency  of  all  Lodges  in  the  universe  : 

With  all  due  respect,  we  would  observe  to  you,  that  an  evening  was  appointed  to 
take  said  letter  and  declaration  into  consideration,  and  after  debating  upon  them,  the 
following  question  was  put,  "  Whether  this  Lodge  acknowledge  the  Massachusetts 
Grand  Lodge,  independent  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  and  all  other  Grand  Lodges 
in  the  universe."  The  Lodge  could  not  consent  to  the  declaration,  supposing  it  to  be 
inconsistent  with  the  principles  of  Masonry,  necessary  to  be  observed  for  the  good  of 
the  cratt,  amidst  all  the  variety  of  circumstances  incident  to  human  affairs. 

There  were  present  at  this  meeting  of  the  Lodge  forty-nine  members  who  voted  as 
follows  —  yeas  19,  nays  30,  — 49.     " 

By  the  aforegoing  vote.  Brethren,  you  have  the  sense  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 
From  your  affectionate 

and  loving  Brothers, 

James  Carter, 

Samuel  Gore, 

Alexander  Thoxl\s,  •  Cojimiittce. 

John  Spkague,  Jr., 

Wm.  Burbeck. 

To  the  Most  Worshipful  Master  and  Wardens  of  the  Grand  Lodge. 
February  25,  1782. 

This  terminated  the  connection  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  with  the 
Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  ;  which  body  it  was  instrumental  in 
bringing  into  existence,  and  with  which  it  had  lived  and  worked 
in  fraternal  love  and  sympathy  from  the  day  of  its  foimdation.  The 
separation  was  the  result  of  an  honest  conviction  of  duty,  and  can 


40  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

be  regarded  only  as  a  beautiful  illustration  of  its  enduring  fidelity 
to  the  beloved  parent  under  whose  immediate  care  and  protection  it 
had  decided  again  to  enrol  itself. 

It  is  evident  from  the  vote  given  in  the  above  letter,  that  there 

■was  a  wide  difference  of  opinion  among  the  members  of  the  Lodge 
on  the  subject ;  which  difference  subsequently  led  to  most  serious 
consequences.  So  dissatisfied  indeed  were  the  minority  of  the 
members  with  the  decision  to  which  the  majority  had  come,  and 
to  such  an  extent  were  their  personal  feelings  interested, 
that,  having  failed  to  possess  themselves  of  the  Charter  of  the 
Lodge,  they  withdrew  and  applied  to  the  Grand  Lodge  and  ob- 
tained authority  for  the  establishment  of  a  new  Lodge  ;  or,  as  they 
claimed,  a  continuance  of  their  old  Lodge,  under  the  name  of 
"  The  Rising  States  Lodge,"  with  Bro.  Paul  Revere  for  its 
Master,  to  take  rank  and  precedence  in  Grand  Lodge  from  the 
date  of  the  Charter  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  ;  or  in  the  words  of  the 
Record   of  that  day,    "  to  hold    rank   as  the  oldest  Lodge  under 

'the  jurisdiction."  This  new  Lodge  was  organized  on  the  4th  of 
September,  1784,  and  continued  a  precarious  existence  until  181 1, 
when  it  was  dissolved.     St.  Andrew's  Lodge  had,  in  the  meantime, 

.re-affiliated  itself  and  renewed  its  obedience  to  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland. 

The  present  Grand  Lodge  of  the  Commonwealth,  was  the  result 

,  of  a  union  in  1 792,  of  the  St.  John's  and  the  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodges.  A  brief  reference  to  the  conditions  on  which  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge  consented  to  dissolve  its  connection  with  its  parent  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland,  and  to  enrol  itself  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
united  body,  may,  therefore,  neither  be  inappropriate  nor  uninter- 
esting. 

The  union  took  place,  and  the  organization  of  the  body  was  con- 
summated, under  the  distinctive  title  of  "  The  Most  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Society  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  for  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Massachusetts,"  "  in  union  with  the  Most  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Grand  Lodges  in  Europe  and  America,  according 
to  the  old  Constitutions^'  with  the  stipulation  that  "  all  distinctions 


C  E  N  TE  NXI A  L     M  E  M  O  R  FA  L  . 


41 


between  Ancient  and  Modern  Masons,  shall,  as  far  as  possible,  be 
abolished." 

The  result  of  this  action  was  the  establishment  of  a  Grand  Lodge 
of  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  and  the  invidious  appella-' 
tion  of  Modern  Masons  was  happily  and  forever  erased  from  the 
masonic  vocabulary  of  Massachusetts.  This  opened  the  way  for  a 
union  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  with  it,  and  though  the  subject  was 
agitated,  and  some  preliminary  measures  were  adopted  by  the 
Lodge  at  an  earlier  date,  no  decisive  progress  in  the  premises  was 
made  until  1807,  when  the  following  letter  was  addressed  to  the 
Grand  Lodge,  and  read  before  that  body  on  the  14th  of  December 
in  that  year  : 


At.  W.  AND  Respectable  Brethren  :  — 

St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  having  ascertained  by  a  comniittee  appointed  for  the  purpose, 
what  is  due  from  them  to  their  Parent,  the  G.  L.  of  .Scotland,  have  determined  to  remit 
to  the  said  G.  L.,  the  Ixilance  due,  and  request  of  theni  an  honoraljle  dismission,  and  if 
obtaine^l,  to  unite  themselves  under  your  jurisdiction,  provided  they  can  be  received  in 
such  manner  and  placed  in  such  situation  as  will  comport  with  the  honor  and  dignity 
of  both  Lodges  —  and  as  it  is  necessary  they  should  know  whether  this  object  can  be 
obtained,  previous  to  their  writing  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  the  manner  and  form 
of  which  will  depend  on  the  arrangement  which  is  made  with  your  respectable  Lodges, 
as  they  will  not,  by  any  means,  solicit  dismission  from  the  Lodge  which  gave  them 
birth,  and  whom  they  hold  in  the  highest  veneration  and  esteem,  without  the  fullest 
assurances  of  being  received  and  placed  in  such  a  station  in  your  Lodge,  as  beseems 
their  antiquity  ;  and  that  they  may  with  pleasure,  render  to  you  that  respect  which  is 
due  to  the  Head  of  the  Grand  Mason  Family  of  this  Commonwealth.  They  have  for 
the  purposes  above  alluded  to,  appointed  Bros.  Elisha  Sigourney,  Andrew  Sigourney, 
Benj.  Hurd,  Jr.,  David  Bradlee,  James  Green,  Henry  Purkitt,  and  James  Farrar,  a  cf>m- 
mittee  to  wait  upon  and  confer  with  any  committee  your  respectable  Lodge  may  please 
to  appoint,  on  the  business  herein  mentioned. 

You  will,  therefore,  please  to  take  this  subject  into  your  wise  consideration,  and  the 
above  committee  will  meet  your  committee,  at  any  time  and  phuc  they  may  appoint  to 
discuss  this  business.  That  it  may  terminate  in  such  manner  as  will  tend  to  promote  the 
honor,  hannonv  and  prosperity,  of  the  whole  masonic  family  of  this  Connnonwcalth,  is 

(i 


42  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

ardent  wish  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  by  whom  I  am  directed  to  give  you  the  above  in- 
formation, antl  in  whose  behalf  I  have  the  honor  to  subscribe  myself, 

with  respect  and  esteem,  your  fraternal 

and  obedient  servant, 

Joseph  Smith,  Secretary. 
M.  W.  G.  L.  of  Mass. 

On  the  receipt  of  this  letter,  the  Grand  Lodge  appointed  a  com- 
mittee to  confer  with  the  committee  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  on  the 
subject,  consisting  of  R.  W.  Bros.  Josiah  Bartlett,  Timothy  Whitney, 
John  Warren,  James  Laughton,  Isaiah  Thomas,  Allen  Crocker, 
and  Daniel  Davis.  The  joint  committees  met  at  the  Green  Dragon 
Tavern,  on  the  5  th  of  December,  when  the  committee  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  called  the  attention  of  the  committee  of  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge  to  the  following  article  in  the  Constitutions  of  the  former 
body : 

"  All  Lodges  heretofore  established  may  retain  their  original  Charters  (the  dates 
and  Grand  Lodges  from  whence  they  were  respectively  issued,  being  recorded  by  the 
G.  Sec.) ;  and  a  due  representation,  with  the  payment  of  equal  quarterly  payqients,  or 
assessments,  shall  entitle  such  Lc»dges  to  take  precedency  according  to  seniority." 

It  is  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  committee  that  by  this  article,  the  Lodge  you  so 
honorably  represent,  may  connect  itself  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  this  Commonwealth, 
and  that  a  compliance  with  the  requisition  there  specified,  will  entitle  it  to  all  the  priv- 
ileges of  such  a  connection. 

I  am  with  paternal  esteem,  «S:c., 

Josiah  Bartlett,  Chairman. 

To  the  above  the  committee  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  made  the 
following  respectful  reply : 

Worshipful  Brethren,  — 

The  committee  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  have  the  pleasure  to  inform  you  that  they 
arc  perfectly  satisfied  with  the  propositions  this  day  made  them,  on  the  part  of  the 
Grand  Lodge,  and  which,  they  have  no  doubt,  will  meet  the  approbation  of  their 
Lodge,  and  which  they  will  take  the  earliest  opportunity  of  laying  before  them  :  neces- 
sary steps  will   be   immediately  taken    to    procure    an   honorable   discharge   from   their 


C  E  N  T  E  XXI A  L     M  EMO  R I A  L. 


43 


parent  Lodge,  which,  when  received,  shall  be  immediately  communicated  to  your  Grand 
Lodge. 

_  ,  ,      „  (  Elisha  Sigourney,  Chairman 

December  15th,  1807.  I 

I        of  the  Committee  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

The  committee  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts. 

The  subject  was  allowed  to  remain  in  abeyance  at  this  point,  to 
enable  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  to  communicate  with  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland,  until  September  1 1,  1809  ;  at  which  date,  a  satisfactory- 
answer  having  been  received  from  Scotland,  the  Lodge  directed  its 
committee  to  communicate  the  result  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  then  in 
session.  The  committee  were  courteously  received  and  seated  at 
the  right  of  the  Grand  Master  in  the  East.  Its  chairman,  R.  W. 
Bro.  Elisha  Sigourney,  then  arose  and  read  the  following  docu- 
ment :  — 

"At  a  special  meeting  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  held  at  Masons'  Hall,  on  Thursday 
evening,  September  7,  1809,  Voted,  That  Bros.  Elisha  Sigourney,  Benj.  Hurd,  David 
Bradlee,  James  Green,  Andrew  Sigourney,  Henry  Purkitt,  and  Benjamin  Hurd,  be  a 
committee  to  wait  upon  and  inform  the  G.  L.  of  this  Commonwealth,  at  the  Quarterly 
Communication,  to  be  held  the  nth,  inst.  ;  that  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  will,  at  the  next 
annual  Communication  of  the  G.  Lodge,  become  one  of  its  members,  agreeably  to  the 
Communications  made  in  December,  1807. 

A  copy  from  the  Records. 
Attest,  Joseph  Smith,  Sc-c. 

The  committee  of  St.  Andrew's  having  retired,  it  was,  on  mo- 
tion, 

Voted,  That  a  committee  of  this  Grand  Lodge  be  chosen,  consisting  of  the  following 
R.  W.  Brethren,  viz:  —  R.  W.  Josiah  Bartlett,  John  Chadwick,  Ephraim  Bremen,  and 
the  two  G.  Wardens,  to  wait  on  the  R.  W.  committee  of  St.  Andrew's  I-odge,  and  in- 
form them  that  the  W.  Grand  Lodge,  had  most  cordially  received  their  affectionate 
and  brotherly  communication ;  that  they  with  heartfelt  satisfaction,  anticipate  the  happy 
consequences  of  this  Union,  and  jiromise  a  parental  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
Lodge  they  represent,  and  invite  them  to  a  seat  this  evening,  and  a  i)articipation  of 
the  pleasures  and  intercourse  of  the  same." 


44  CEXTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

The  committee  from  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  then  returned  again  to 
the  Grand  Lodge,  escorted  by  the  Grand  Marshal  and  the  com- 
mittee of  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  were  replaced  at  the  right  hand 
of  the  M.  W.  Grand  Master. 

And  here  the  subject  rested  until  the  annual  communication  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  in  the  following  December,  when  the  W.  Master 
of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  James  Green,  Esq.,  being  present,  rose 
and  addressed  the  M.  W.  G.  Master,  in  terms  expressive  of  the 
high  satisfaction  his  Lodge  had  realized,  in  the  candid  and  honor- 
able proceedings  of  the  M.  W.  G.  Lodge  in  completing  and  con- 
firming the  admission  of  it  under  its  jurisdiction,  and  declarative 
of  their  resolution  strictly  to  conform  to  all  its  rules  and  regulations. 
He  then  delivered  the  Charter  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  for  record 
and  endorsement  (says  the  record).  "All  which  was  cordially  and 
affectionately  reciprocated  by  the  G.  Master  in  behalf  of  the  Lodge." 

This  may  properly  be  regarded  as  the  conclusion  of  the  subject  ; 
but  these  proceedings  are  too  interesting,  and  too  essential  to  a 
full  and  clear  appreciation  of  this  important  point  in  the  history  of 
the  Lodge,  to  be  passed  over  so  summarily.  I  therefore  offer  no 
apology  for  transferring  from  our  own  records,  the  following  more 
complete  and  perfect  narration  of  the  transactions,  in  the  order  of 
their  occurrence.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Lodge  held  at  the  Green 
Dragon  Tavern,  on  the  14th  of  December  1809,  Bro.  Elisha 
SiGOURXEY  inquired  of  the  R.  W.  Master  if  he  and  his  Wardens 
attended  the  Grand  Lodge  at  its  communication  on  the  nth  inst., 
and  if  so,  to  inform  the  Lodge  of  their  reception,  and  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Grand  Lodge.  To  this  request  the  W,  Master  Green, 
made  the  following  reply  : 

"  That  he  and  the  Wardens  did  attend  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  after  the  same  was 
duly  organized  (St.  Andrew's  Lodge  being  placed  in  their  proper  station,  the  first  on 
the  left  of  the  Grand  Master),  the  Grand  Marshal  informed  the  Most  W.  Grand  Master 
that  vSt.  Andrew's  Lodge  had  taken  their  seats  for  the  first  time  as  a  member  of  the 
Grand  Lodge,  and  it  was  probable  the  W.  Master  had  some  communication  to  make. 
I  then  arose  and  addressed  the  Most  \V.  G.  Master  in  the  fijllowintr  manner  : 


C  E  N  T  E  X  N I A  L     M  E  M  O  R  1 A  L.  45 

J/'j7  W^orsliipful  Grand  Master, — The  friendship  of  my  respected  Brethren 
of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  (far  more  than  my  merits),  having  induced  them  to  elect 
me  their  Master  the  ensuing  year,  it  devolves  upon  myself  in  union  with  my 
R.  W.  Bro.  Purkitt,  Senior  Warden  and  my  Bro.  Zeph.  Sampson,  Junior  War- 
den, in  obedience  to  their  commands,  to  present  ourselves  before  you  as  their 
representative,  and  to  inform  you  that  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  having  honorably 
exonerated  itself  from  its  parent  Grand  Lodge,  do  now  with  pride  and  pleasure 
recognize  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  as  the  only 
rightful  and  lawful  authority  by  which  it  will  in  iuture  be  governed,  agreeable  to 
the  votes  passed  unanimously  in  Grand  Lodge,  December  5807,  September  5809. 
I  am  also  directed  to  present  you  its  original  and  ancient  CI\arter,  to  be  coun- 
tersigned and  recorded  in  the  Grand  Lodge  Books  ;  also  a  list  of  the  names  of 
its  officers  and  members.  Although  this  auspicious  hour  has  been  lon<;-  pro- 
tracted, the  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  flatter  themselves,  that  being  now 
united  with,  and  aided  by  the  Wisdom  of  the  Grand  Lodge  ;  cemented  by 
the  Streiii^tli  of  her  sister  Lodges,  they  shall  not  only  partake  of  the  Beautv  of  the 
Masonic  superstructure,  but  in  some  measure  add  thereto,  by  such  conduct  as 
shall  designate  correct  citizens,  promote  the  honor  of  the  craft,  and  be  condu- 
cive to  the  felicity  of  man." 

After  which  the  Grand  Master  approached  and  presented  me  with  his  right  hand 
and  bid  us  a  hearty  welcome  in  behalf  of  the  Lodge  we  had  the  honor  to  represent,  and 
most  cordially  congratulated  the  Grand  Lodge  upon  the  acquisition  of  what  he  was 
pleased  to  term  the  ancient  and  respectable  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew's  as  one  of  its  members, 
which  bright  link,  he  observed,  now  completed  the  Masonic  Chain  of  Massachusetts. 

The  Grand  Lodge  then  proceeded  in  the  business  of  the  elections  for  the  year  ensu- 
ing, and  the  Honorable  and  Most  Worshipful  Josiah  Bartlett,  Esq.,  was  elected  (irand 
Master  ;  R.  \V.  Bro.  Francis  J.  Oliver,  Grand  Senior  Warden  ;  and  R.  W.  Bro.  Oliver 
Prcscott,  Esej.,  Grand  Junior  Warden;  R.  W.  Bro.  Andrew  Sigourney,  Grand  Treas- 
urer ;  and  R.  W.  Bro.  John  Proctor,  Grand  Secretary  (the  two  last  officers  chosen 
unanimously). 

The  selection  of  a  Brother  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  to  the  higli  and  rcsi)()nsible  oftice 
of  Grand  Treasurer,  from  among  the  numerous  Lodges  under  tlicir  jurisdiction,  ami  at 
the  first  moment  of  its  connection,  must,  I  think,  ho,  received  not  only  as  a  mark  of 
honor  and  confidence  conferred  on  Ih'o.  Anchew  Sigourney,  hut  also  of  high  respect 
paid  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  and  as  such  1  trust  it  will  be  thily  appreeiated. 


46  CENTE  NNI A  L    M  E  M  ORIAL. 

The  R.  W.  Master  then  delivered  the  Charter  regularly  endorsed  by  the  Grand 
Lodge,  and  which  he  had  received  from  Bro.  Elisha  Sigourney,  in  whose  care  it  was 
for  that  purpose.  Bro.  Elisha  Sigourney  then  addressed  the  W.  Master  and  informed 
him  that  having  received  the  Charter  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  from  the  R.  W.  Bro. 
Burbeck,  "on  his  death  bed  "  (to  whose  care  it  was  intrusted),  under  a  solemn  injunc- 
tion never  to  give  it  up  until  the  difficulties  which  then  existed  between  the  Grand  and 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge  should  be  settled  (and  which  charge  having  been  approved  of  by 
the  Lodge),  that  happy  time  having  now  arrived,  he  with  pleasure  divested  himself  of 
the  trust  reposed  in  him,  and  in  presence  of  the  Lodge  committed  the  Charter  to  the 
R.  W.  Master,  whose  rightful  privilege  it  was  to  take  charge  thereof. 

The  transactions  of  the  Lodge  at  this  meeting  closed  here.  But 
at  its  regular  communication  on  the  ensuing  12th  of  April,  they 
were  consummated  and  confirmed  by  an  official  visit  from  the  ex- 
ecutive officers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  ;  when  the  following  highly 
interesting  and  gratifying  proceedings  took  place  : 

The  Lodge  was  opened  in  due  form  on  the  first  degree  of  Masonry,  at  8  o'clock, 
when  the  Grand  Marshal  entered  and  informed  the  R.  W.  Master,  that  the  Most  W. 
Grand  Master,  with  his  Grand  Officers,  were  ready  to  visit  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

The  R.  W.  Master  having  appointed  the  R.  W,  Brethren,  Benj.  Hurd,  James  Farrar, 
David  Bradlee,  Benj.  Smith  and  Joab  Hunt,  a  committee  to  wait  upon  the  Grand  Lodge 
to  the  Lodge  Room,  directed  them  to  proceed.  The  committee,  attended  by  the  Mar- 
shal and  Stewards,  proceeded  to  the  room  where  the  Grand  Officers  were  assembled, 
and  escorted  them  to  the  door  of  the  Lodge-room ;  then  opening  to  the  right  and  left, 
the  Grand  Officers  preceded  by  the  Marshal,  entered  and  were  introduced  to  the  R.  W, 
Master  by  the  Grand  Marshal ;  they  then  severally  took  their  seats  on  the  right  of  the 
Officers  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

The  Right  Worshipful  Master  then  arose  and  welcomed  the  Grand  Officers  in  the 
following  appropriate  address : 

Most  WorsJiipful :  "The  long  wished-for  period  having  arrived,  that  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge  have  anticipated  with  pleasure,  the  various  obstacles  being 
removed,  which  have  kept  asunder  those  who  ought  to  have  been  alHed  by  the 
tenderest  ties  ;  in  the  name  and  behalf  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  I  bid  you  a  cordial 
welcome.  While  the  records  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  furnish  evidence  of  the 
rectitude  of  its  conduct,  they  will  fully  evince  the  respect  it  has  ever  borne  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts     and  its  pleasure,  Most 


C E N TE NXIA  L     M E M OR/ A  L 


47 


Worshipful,  is  in  no  small  degree  enhanced  by  acknowledging  the  authority  and 
becoming  a  member  of  the  Grand  Masonic  Family  under  your  administration, 
who  have  been  so  repeatedly  elected  to  preside  at  its  head  with  honor  to  your- 
self and  satisfaction  to  your  brethren.  Permit  me,  Sir,  to  return  the  thanks  of 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge  for  the  honor  of  this  visit,  and  to  yourself,  your  officers, 
and  the  members  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  its  ardent  wishes  for  your  and  their  peace 
and  prosperity." 

The  Grand  Officers  then  took  the  stations  of  St.  Andrew's  officers,  and  the  Grand 
Lodge  was  opened  in  ample  form,  and  the  Rev.  Bro.  Josiah  ]5artlett,  as  Grand  Chaplain, 
invoked  the  blessings  of  the  Deity  on  the  assembly.  The  Charter  and  By-Laws  of  the 
Lodge  were  read  by  the  Grand  Secretary,  and  the  records  were  examined  by  the  Most 
Worshipful  Grand  Master.  The  members  of  the  Lodge  then  recited  a  lecture  on  the 
First  Degree  of  Masonry,  after  which  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master  addressed 
the  Lodge  in  the  following  elegant  and  truly  fraternal  discourse  : 

"  My  Respected  Brethren,  — 

When  I  recollect  that  within  these  walls  were  displayed  the  early  specimens 
of  Masonic  eloquence  in  our  country;  that  beneath  this  venerable  arch,  the 
distinguislicd  badge  I  so  unworthily  wear,  was  first  suspended  on  our  illus- 
trious Warren,  whose  life  and  death  were  instructive  lessons  of  benevolence 
and  patriotism ;  that  around  this  ancient  altar  commenced  the  labors  of  the  late 
Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  the  influence  of  which,  in  connection  with  a  sim- 
ilar institution,  has  extended  from  the  limits  of  this  metropolis  to  every  section 
of  our  territory  ;  and  especially  when  I  indulge  a  pleasing  fancy  that  your  re- 
spected predecessors  are  viewing  with  complacency  an  official  visit  from  your 
adopted  patron,  while  at  the  same  time  they  bestow  a  grateful  remembrance  on 
your  distant  parent,  I  feel  sensations  easier  for  you  to  conceive  than  for  me 
to  describe,  and  which  you  can  best  reciprocate  by  expressive  silence. 

"  In  tlie  appropriate  duties  of  this  occasion,  I  shall  only  remark  on  the 
masonic  history,  that  its  doctrines  and  precepts  may  be  readily  traced  from 
the  luxuriant  garden  of  paradise  to  the  magnificent  city  of  Jerusalem,  wlien  tlie 
capacious  mind  of  the  illustrious  Solomon,  comprehending  the  traditions  of 
the  most  remote  antiquity,  applied  the  instruments  of  operative  masons  to  illus- 
trate the  principles  of  our  Order,  and  establish  a  system,  which  for  six  thou.sand 
years,  has  resisted  the  influence  of  ignorance,  superstition,  and  jjolitica!  com])i- 


43  CEN TE NNIA  L     ME M ORI AL. 

nation  ;  whilst  its  genial  power  in  every  age  has  softened  the  calamities  of  war 
and  alleviated  the  miseries  of  man. 

"  Reverence  to  the  Supreme  Architect  of  the  Universe,  a  dignified  obedience 
to  the  civil  authority,  an  affectionate  regard  to  the  characters  and  interests  of 
our  brethren,  justice  to  our  neighbors,  and  unfeigned  benevolence,  are  its  avowed 
objects.  To  preserve  and  cherish  these  as  far  as  we  are  able,  is  the  duty  of 
all  who  are  united  by  its  solemn  obligations. 

"  The  erection  of  Lodges,  the  adoption  of  general  regulations,  and  an  uni- 
formity in  practice,  so  far  as  the  habits  and  customs  of  different  countries  will 
allow,  have  been  always  inculcated,  and  the  formation  and  support  of  Grand 
Lodges,  whose  authority  should  comprehend  a  convenient  territory,  have  been 
found  by  long  experience  to  promote  the  prosperity  of  the  fraternity.  No 
arguments  are  necessary  to  confirm  this  fact  in  the  United  States.  A  regular 
intercourse  among  the  brethren  has  extensively  diffused  the  benefits,  and  the 
flourishing  state  of  eighty-six  Lodges  within  this  jurisdiction,  evince,  at  least 
an  equal  progress  with  other  establishments  for  the  promotion  of  public  and 
private  happiness  ! " 

The  Grand  Master  then  dwelt  upon  the  duties  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  and  its  subordinates  respectively,  and  closed  as  follows  : 

"  We  now,  my  respected  brethren,  congratulate  you  on  the  present  situation 
of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  and  from  the  results  of  this  auspicious  interview,  we 
are  bound  to  remark,  that  the  wisdom  of  your  by-laws,  the  accuracy  of  your 
records,  the  regularity  of  your  proceedings,  and  the  respectful  address  of 
your  R.  W.  Master,  discover  a  continuance  of  that  laudable  zeal,  which,  for 
nearly  sixty  years,  has  been  successfully  exerted  for  its  respectable  support. 
The  cradle  of  its  infancy  was  rocked  with  anxious  solicitude,  its  blooming  youth 
was  defended  with  vigilance  and  assiduity ;  and  its  revered  manhood,  cherished 
by  industry  and  perseverance,  will  conduct  it  to  an  honorable  old  age,  which  is 
not  confined,  like  the  fleeting  days  of  man,  to  a  single  generation.  Your  know- 
ledge of  the  nature  and  design  of  our  institution  ;  your  experience  in  its  cere- 
monies, and  a  strict  observance  of  the  precepts  which,  from  a  pressure  of  other 
avocations,  I  have  barely  hinted  at,  will  best  preserve  and  extend  its  usefulness. 
Erected  on  the  Rock  of  Charity,  and  cemented  by  beneficence,  it  will  remain 
unshaken,   when   vou   and    your  successors    are    numbered  witlT    its  ve"nerable 


C E iV  TE  NNIA  L     ME M OR/A  L 


49 


founders  ;  whom,  we  liumhly  liope,  are  participating  the  pleasures  of  tliat 
exalted  Grand  Lodge,  tiled  with  impenetrable  secrecy,  and  from  whence  no 
traveler  returns." 

Thus  was  happily  consummated  a  union  between  the  two  bodies, 
which  has  continued  uninterrupted  by  any  jarring  interests  to  the 
present  day,  and  which  it  is  earnestly  hoped  may  be  continued  in 
brotherly  love  and  harmony  through  many  succeeding  ages.  The 
felicitous  period  in  the  history  of  the  Lodge  had  now  been  reached, 
when,  in  the  language  of  a  poet  contemporaneous  with  its  own  birth, 
its  members  could  reverently  unite  and  say  — 

"  Now  let  us  thank  the  Eternal  power  :  convinced 
That  Heaven  but  tries  our  virtue  by  afHiction, 
That  oft  the  cloud  which  wraps  the  present  hour. 
Serves  but  to  brighten  all  our  future  days." 

Before  leaving  the  subject  entirely,  a  few  words  explanatory  of 
the  original  organization  of  the  Lodge,  to  which  references  have 
already  been  incidentally  made,  may  not  be  out  of  place  here,  inas- 
much as  after  the  question  of  jurisdiction  had  been  virtually 
disposed  of,  this  was  the  principal  objection  urged  against  its  rec- 
ognition by  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge.  It  was  early  assumed, 
and  as  late  as  January  27,  1766,  officially  voted  by  the  latter  body, 
that  the  petitioners  for  the  Charter  "  were  not  at  the  time  of  their 
application  for  it,  or  at  the  date  of  said  constitution,  free  and  ac- 
cepted Masons;"  and  that  their  petition,  as  such,  "was  an 
imposition  on  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland."  This  was  said  ten 
years  after  the  Lodge  had  been  in  operation  under  its  Charter, 
and  when  the  authenticity  of  that  instrument  had  ceased  to  be 
denied.  That  there  were  irregularities  in  the  incipient  stages 
of  its  formation,  the  committee  of  the  Lodge,  in  consultation  with 
a  similar  committee  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  are  said  to  have  conceded, 
but  denied  the  allegation  that  any  imposition  had  been  j^-acticed 
on  the  Grand  Lodge  of  .Scotland.  It  would  seem  to  us  of  the 
present    dav,   that    it    the   committee   had   cited   to   their   doubting 


5° 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 


brethren,  the  unusual  and  significant  endorsement  placed  on  the 
back  of  their  Charter  by  its  parent  Grand  Lodge,  simultaneously 
with  its  issuance  in  1756,  this  branch  of  the  objection  would  have 
been  irrefutably,  if  not  satisfactorily  answered.  This  endorsement 
is  in  the  following  words  : 

"Charter  of  Constitution  and  New  Erection,  in  favor  of  the  Lodge 
OF  St.  Andrew,  to  be  held  at  Boston,  New  England,  1756." 

No  other  logical  construction  can  be  given  to  the  words  "  Ne\v 
X  Erection,"  than  that  they  imply  a  pre-erection,  and  consequent 
pre -existence  of  the  Lodge  ;  and  that  whatever  irregularities  were 
committed  in  its  earlier  proceedings  were,  by  this  endorsement, 
intended  to  be  regularized  and  confirmed  by  the  Grand  Lodge 
making  it.  That  body  must,  therefore,  have  been,  —  as  the  Lodge 
and  its  committees  had  on  all  proper  occasions  maintained,  —  fully 
informed  of  all  its  acts  and  doings  antecedent  to  its  application  for 
the  Charter.  Hence  the  charge  of  imposition  would  have  been 
easily  disposed  of 

And  now  a  word  in  reference  to  the  irregularities  complained 
of,  and  which  constituted  the  second  objection  urged  against 
the  recognition.  The  Lodge  was  composed  of  Ancient  Masons, 
who,  in  consequence  of  the  diflficulties  in  England,  did  not  recog- 
nize the  Modern  Grand  Lodge,  so  called,  at  London,  or  its  laws,  as 
of  any  authority  beyond  its  own  immediate  jurisdiction.  The  regu- 
lation enacted  by  it  in  1 72 1 ,  requiring  that  all  Lodges  thereafter  to 
be  established  should,  previously  to  going  into  operation,  obtain  a 
'"warrant  or  charter  from  the  Grand  Lodge,  or  be  deemed  irregular, 
they  rejected  as  not  applicable  to  them.  Taking  this  view  of 
the  subject,  which,  if  not  positively  erroneous,  was  liable  to  objec- 
tion, they  organized  themselves  into  a  Lodge,  relying  on  what 
was  then  better  known  than  now,  as  the  law  of  "  immemorial 
usage,"  or  inherent  right,  for  their  justification  ;  and  commenced 
"work"  in  or  about  the  year  1752.  The  question  of  regularity, 
however,  having  arisen,  the}'  appealed  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland   tor   advice,   and   in   due   time,  as   we  have"  seen,  received 


CEN TE NXIA  L     ME M O Rl  A  L.  .  51 

from  that  distinguished  body,  a  Charter  of  "  Constitution  and  new- 
erection,"  as  a  regular  Lodge  under  its  jurisdiction. 

Such  cases  were  not  uncommon  at  that  early  day  of  masonic 
organizations  ;  nor  was  this  an  isolated  one  in  the  Colonies. 
We  find  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  under 
date  November  30,  1759,  that  "several  Scotch  brethren, /wz'///^'- 
erected  a  Lodge  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  transmitted  five 
guineas  to  the  Grand  Lodge  for  the  use  of  the  masonic  poor. 
Grateful  for  this  unexpected  instance  of  benevolence,"  continues 
the  record,  "  the  Grand  Lodge  ordered  a  Charter  to  be  made  out 
and  transmitted  to  them  ;  they  having  signified  a  wish  to  hold 
their  meetings  under  the  Scottish  Banner,  by  the  name  of  The 
Union  Kilwinning  Lodge."  This  was  a  parallel  case,  and  corre- 
sponds literally  with  the  proceedings  of  the  brethren  who,  in  1752, 
first  organized  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

Such  cases  were  also  common  at  that  day,  on  the  Continent  ; 
and  in  other  parts  of  the  old  and  new  world,  at  a  much  later 
period.  They  were  known  as  "  isolated  Lodges,"  or  Lodges  not 
under  warrant  of  any  Grand  Lodge.  As  recently  as  1 774,  there 
were  three  Lodges  of  this  description  in  Lidia,  two  in  Holland, 
five  in  Dutch  Guiana,  and  others  elsewhere.  We  are  not  aware 
that  there  are  any  of  this  class  of  Lodges  now  in  existence,  they 
having  been  superseded  by  a  safer  and  more  systematic  rule  of 
masonic  government ;  except  in  the  case  of  the  "  Lodge  of  An- 
tiquity" at  London.  That  being  one  of  the  "four  old  Lodges"  by 
which  the  Grand  Lodge  of  17 17  was  organized,  it  was  stipulated, 
as  one  of  the  conditions  of  the  new  order  of  things,  that  it  and  its 
associate  Lodges,  should  continue  to  hold  under  the  ancient  law 
of  "inherent  right";  and  it  is,  therefore,  at  this  time,  without  a 
warrant  from  any  Grand  Lodge,  though  amenable  to  the  laws  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Lngland. 

I  have  referred  to  these  cases  merely  for  the  ]nn-pose  of  showing 
that  tlie  l)rcthren  wlio  laid  llie  coi'iicr-stone  of  .St.  .Andrew's  Lodge, 
about  the  year  1752,  were  not  wholly  without  autliorit}-  and  jnstifi- 
catio)i  for  the  manner  of  their  proceeding. 


52  CENTE NNIA  L    M E M ORI A  L. 

The  endorsement  of  the  Charter  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  1809,  is  signed  by  Isaiah  Thomas,  Grand  Master,  and 
is  in  the  following  words  :  — 

"I  do  hereby  authorize  and  empower  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  of  Boston,  formerly  under 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  but  lately  admitted  under  our  jurisdiction, 
to  take  rank  in  Grand  Lodge,  at  all  their  Quarterly  Communications,  festivals,  and 
funerals,  and  all  other  regular  and  constitutional  meetings,  agreeably  to  the  date  of  their 
ancient  Charter.''' 

The  question  of  rank  or  precedence  has  never  been  pressed  by 
the  Lodge,  nor  is  it  practically  of  any  importance  ;  but  viewed 
in  the  light  of  history,  it  may  be  proper,  and  perhaps  of  interest  to 
the  members  of  the  Lodge,  to  state  the  facts  bearing  on  this  point, 
as  they  appear  on  the  record. 

In  1733,  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  constituted  "The  First 
Lodge  in  Boston;"  in  1750,  it  erected  "The  Second  Lodge  in 
Boston  ; "  and  in  the  same  year,  it  granted  authority  for  "  The 
Third  Lodge  in  Boston."  This  last  Lodge  ceased  to  exist  about 
the  year  1753,  and  no  other  was   established   in  the  town,  except 

"St.  Andrew's,  until  1772.  The  "First"  and  "Second"  Lodges 
continued,  with  varied  success,  until  interrupted  and  scattered  by 
the  events   of  the  revolutionary  war.     The  last   never  recovered 

^itself,  and  its  name  does  not  appear  on  the  records  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  later  than  1775.     In  1783,  the  members  of  both  these  Lodges 

,  had  become  so  much  reduced,  and  their  meetings  had  been  so  long 
suspended,  that  it  was  deemed  advisable  by  their  few  surviving 
members,  to  abandon  them  altogether,  and  out  of  the  wreck  to  form 
a  new  Lodge.  It  will  be  seen  however  from  what  follows,  that 
the  material  remaining  was  scarcely  sufficient  for  this  purpose  ;  but 
by  the  aid  of  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  a  Charter  was 
obtained  by  them,  of  which  the  following  is  an  authentic  copy : 


C  E  N  TE  NNI A  L     M  E  M  O  R I A  L. 


SI 


To  ALL  THE  FrATEKXITV  OF  P^REE  AXD  ACCEPTED  MaSONS  TO  WHOM 
THESE   PRESENTS    SHALL   COME. 

The  Most  Worshipful  John  Rowe,  Esq.,  Grand  Master  of  Ancient,  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons,  duly  authorized  and  ajipointed,  and  in  ample  form  installed,  together  with  his 
Cirand  Wardens,  send  Greeting  : 

Whereas,  a  petition  has  been  presented  to  us  by  John  Cutler,  Nathaniel  Patten,  Job 
Prince,  Wm.  Burbeck,  and  Mungo  Mackay,  a  committee  in  behalf  of  theyfrj-^  and  second 
Lodges  of  St.  John,  showing  that  it  has  been  inconvenient  for  them  to  meet  in  their  sepa- 
rate capacities,  and  that  it  will  be  for  the  benefit  of  Masonry  that  they  be  united  in  one 
Lodge,  and  that  they  will  resign  all  powers  by  which  they  acted  in  those  separate  capac- 
ities, being  desirous  to  form  a  complete  and  independent  union.  They,  therefore,  pray 
that  they  with  such  others  as  may  think  proper  to  join  them,  may  be  erected  and  consti- 
tuted a  regular  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  under  the  name,  title  and  desig-, 
nation  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  with  full  power  to  enter  Apprentices,  pass  Fellow-crafts, 
and  raise  Master  Masons :  which  petition,  appearing  to  us  as  tending  to  the  advance- 
ment of  Ancient  Masonry,  and  the  general  good  of  the  Craft,  have  unanimously  agreed 
that  the  prayer  of  the  petition  be  granted. 

Know  ye,  therefore,  that  we  the  Grand  Master  and  Wardens,  by  virtue  of  the  power 
and  authority  aforesaid,  and  reposing  special  trust  and  confidence  in  the  prudence,  fidelity 
and  skill  in  Masonrj-  of  our  beloved  brethren  above  named,  have  constituted  and  ap- 
pointed, and  by  these  presents,  Do  constitute  and  appoint  the  said  John  Cutler,  Nathaniel 
Patten,  Job  Prince,  Wm.  Burbeck,  Mungo  Mackay,  and  others,  all  Ancient,  Free  and 
Accepted  Masons,  resident  in  Boston,  in  the  County  of  Suffolk,  and  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts,  a  regular  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  under  the  name,  title 
and  designation  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  hereby  giving  and  granting  unto  them  and  their 
successors,  full  power  and  authority  to  meet  and  convene  as  ]\Lisons,  within  the  town 
of  Boston  aforesaid,  to  receive  and  enter  Apprentices,  pass  Fellow-crafts,  and  raise  - 
Master  Masons,  upon  the  payment  of  such  moderate  compositions  for  the  same,  as  may 
hereafter  be  determined  by  said  Lodge.  Also  to  make  choice  of  Master,  Wardens 
and  other  Oftice  bearers  annually,  or  otherwise  as  they  shall  see  cause.  To  receive  and 
collect  funds  for  the  relief  of  poor  and  decayed  brethren,  their  widows  or  children,  and  in 
general  to  transact  all  matters  relating  to  Masonry,  which  may,  to  them,  appear  for  the 
good  of  the  Craft,  according  to  the  ancient  usages  and  customs  of  Masons.  —  And  we 
do  hereljy  require  the  said  constituted  bixtiiien,  to  attend  at  the  Grand  Lodge,  or 
(Quarterly  communication,  Ijy  themselves  or  [iroxies  (whic  ii  are  tlieir  Master  and  \\'ar- 
dcns  for  the  time  l)eing).     And  also  to  keep  a  fair  anil   regular  record  of  all   their  pro- 


54 


CENTENNIA  L     ME  MORI  A  L  . 


ceedings,  and  lay  the  same  l^efore  the  (li-aiid  Lodge  when  required.  — And  we  do  herel)y 
enjoin  upon  our  said  brethren,  to  behave  themselves  respectfully  and  obediently  to  their 
superiors  in  otiice,  and  not  desert  said  Lodge,  without  the  leave  of  their  said  Master  and 
Wardens. 

And  we  do  hereby  declare  the  precedence  of  the  said  Lodge,  in  the  Grand  Lodge 
and  elsewhere,  to  co7nmencc  from  the  date  of  these  presents,  and  require  all  Ancient  Masons 
to  govern  themselves  accordingly,  and  to  acknowledge  and  receive  them  and  their  suc- 
cessors. 

Given  under  our  hands  and  the  seal  of  the  Grand  Lodge  affixed  at  Boston,  New 
England,  February  yth,  1783,  of  Masonry  5783. 

John  Rowe,  G.  M. 
Richard  Gridley,  D.  G.  M. 
John  Cutler,  S.  G.  W. 
Job  Comee,  J.  G.  W. 
And  that  Brother  Nathaniel  Patten  be  appointed  their  Master. 
Nathaniel  Barber,  jr.  G.  Sec. 

William  Burbeck  and  Mungo  Mackay,  named  in  the  Charter, 
were  at  the  time,  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  and  seem  to 
have    courteously  lent    their  names    for  the    occasion.     Nathaniel 

""  Patten  was  a  member  of  the  "  First  Lodge,"  and  Junior  Grand 
Warden  of  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  in  1787'.     John  Cutler  was 

"-  a  member  of  the  second  Lodge,  and  the  first  Grand  Master  after 
the  union  in  1792.     Job  Prince  was  Junior  Grand  Warden  in  the 

'  same  year,  and  may  have  been  a  member  of  the  "  Second  Lodge." 
It  is  possible,  and  perhaps  not  altogether  improbable,  that  some 
of  these  brethren  held  membership  in  more  than  one  of  the  Lodges 
in  the  town  ;  for  the  present  law,  in  this  respect,  was  either  not 
then  recognized,  or  was  frequently  disregarded. 

And  now,  W.  Master,  having,  as  concisely  as  the  nature  and 
importance  of  the  subject  would  allow,  noticed  some  of  the  more 
salient  points  in  the  history  of  our  own  beloved  Lodge,  —  its  trials, 
its  struggles,  its  final  success,  —  and  having  also  indicated  the  close 
and  intimate  relations  which,  in  its  earlier  days,  it  held  to  the 
Grand  Lodge,  on  the  eve  of  whose  Centennial  Anniversary  we 
are  now  assembled,  and  the  memorv  of  which  wc  still  cherish  with 


C  Jl  A  T  E  X  X  /  A  L     MEM  O  R  I A  L. 


55 


the  veneration  and  ardor  of  xouth,  I   ask  permission  to  submit  tlie 
following  preamble  and  vote  for  your  consideration  : 

Whereas,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  this  ConimonwcaUh  lias  voted  to  celebrate 
the  ai^proachiiig  Centennial  Anniversar\-  of  the  establishment  in  tliis  city  of  the 
"  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,"  in  anticipation  of  what  would  have  been  the 
pleasure,  and  in  view  of  tlie  early  close  and  intimate  relations  of  the  two  Bodies, 
perhaps  the  especial  duty,  of  this  Lodge  to  commemorate  :  Anil  wliereas,  it 
is  manifestly  right  and  proper  that  tlie  proposed  fraternal  recognition  of  the  oc- 
casion by  our  adopted  and  venerated  mother,  should  not  be  allowed  to  pass  by 
without  the  cordial  co-operation  of  her  eldest  daughter  :    Therefore, 

Voted,  That  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  will  unite  with  the  (hand  Lodge  of  Massa- 
chusetts, in  celebrating,  on  Tuesday  next,  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the 
establishment  of  the  Massachusetts  (jrand  Lodge,  and  the  inauguration  of  her 
own  distinguished  son,  General  Joseph  Warren,  as  its  first  Grand  Master. 

Worshipful  Bros.  Parkman,  Willis,  Sherman,  Stearns,  and  others,  followed 
in  remarks  approving  the  Resolutions,  and  they  were  luianimously  ado])ted. 

The  subject  of  opening  the  records  and  archives  of  the  Lodge  was  next  for- 
mally considered  with  the  view  of  collecting  material  for  a  Centennial  Memo- 
rial. 


-■-z: 


CELEBRATION 


OF     THE 


CENTENNIAL   ANNIVERSARY 


OF 


THE    LODGEOF    ST.   ANDREW, 


NOVEMBER      29,       1856 


FIRST  MASONIC  TEMPLE  IN  BOSTON,  ERECTED  A.  D.   1830. 


-o<j>a>^oo- 


A  determination  to  celebrate  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  Lodge  of  St. 
Andrew,  in  a  distinguished  manner,  had  long  been  a  cherished  purpose  of  its 
members.  The  eventful  series  of  the  first  one  hundred  years  of  the  Lodge's 
history,  together  with  the  preservation  of  the  most  ancient  Masonic  charter  in 
the  State  of  Massachusetts,  which  had  been  granted  to  "  St.  Andrew's  "  A.  D. 
1756,  by  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  would  l:>e  completed  on 
the  thirtietli  day  of  November  A.  D.  1856.  During  the  year  previous,  on  sev- 
eral occasions,  this  proposed  celebration  was  informally  considered,  but  nothing 
of  an  official  character  took  place,  until  at  a  communication  of  the  Lodge,  July  24, 
1855,  when,  on  the  announcement  that  the  Right  Worshipful  Charles  W.  Moore, 
Grand  Secretary  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  a  member  of  "  St.  An- 
drew's" and  a  noted  Brother  of  the  order,  was  about  to  visit  Europe,  the  Lodge 
voted,  on  motion  of  Brother  Charles  Allen  Browne, 

That  R.  W.  Bro.  C.  W.  Moore,  be  authorized  and  requested  to  invite  the  M.  W. 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  to  attend  by  delegation,  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge  to  be  celebrated  in  Boston,  on  St.  Andrew's  day,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  1856. 

At  the  ensuing  quarterly  communication  of  the  Lodge,  held  September  27,  1855, 
on  motion  of  W.  Bro.  John  R.  Bradford,  it  was  voted. 

That  a  committee  be  appointed  with  full  powers  to  make  all  necessary  arrange- 
ments for  celebrating  the  Centennial  .Anniversary  of  the  sealing  of  the  Charter  of  the 
Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  by  Sholto  Charles  Douglas,  Lord  Aberdour,  Grand  Master  of 
the  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  of  Scotland,  at  Edinburgh,  30th  of  November,  A.  D. 
1756. 


6o  C  E  N  T E  X NI A  L     MEMORIAL. 

Under  the  above  rote,  the  following  named  members  of  the  Lodge  were 
appointed  a  Committee  : 

Brothers  John  R.  Bradford,  Chas.  W.  Moore, 

Thomas  Restieaux,  Samuel  P.  Oliver, 

William  Parkman,  Chas.  Allen  Browne, 

Thomas  W.  Phillips,  C.  J.  F.  Sherman. 

At  a  subsequent  Communication,  the  Lodge  voted  to  have  prepared,  in  honor 
of  the  approaching  Centennial  celebration,  and  to  be  worn  first  on  that  occasion, 
a  superb  gold  jewel,  emblazoned  with  the  cross  of  Saint  Andrew,  as  a  Member's 
Badge. 

On  the  eighth  of  November,  1855,  in  regular  Lodge  communication,  R.  W. 
Bro.  Chas.  W.  Moore,  made  a  report  by  address,  as  follows  : 

Worshipful  Master  and  Brethren  : 

On  leaving  for  Europe  in  August  last,  you  were  pleased  to  make  me  the  bearer  of  an 
invitation  to  the  ]\L  W.  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  to  attend  by  delegation,  or  otherwise, 
the  celebration  of  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  our  Lodge,  November  30th,  1856.  And 
I  have  to  report  thereon,  Sir,  That  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  not  being  in  session 
at  the  time  when  I  was  in  Edinburgh,  I  could  not,  as  I  had  desired,  communicate  the  in- 
vitation in  person  to  that  distinguished  body.  I  accordingly  placed  it  in  the  hands  of 
the  respected  Grand  Secretary  of  Scotland,  and  received  his  assurance  that  he  would 
submit  it  to  tl  e  Grand  Lodge  at  its  next  Quarterly  meeting,  and  inform  me  of  the  de- 
liverance thereon.  When  the  result  of  the  action  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  is 
received,  I  shall  take  pleasure  in  communicating  it  to  the  Lodge. 

I  availed  myself  of  the  opportunity  of  my  visit  to  Edinburgh  to  consult  the  records 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  in  relation  to  the  origin  of  our  beloved  "  St.  Andrew's,"  and  have 
the  pleasure  herewith  to  transmit  as  matters  of  interest  and  future  reference,  extracts 
from  them.  I  also  hand  you  for  the  same  purpose  a  letter  from  the  R.  W.  Grand  Sec- 
retary of  Scotland,  in  answer  to  one  from  me  of  the  day  before,  in  particular  reference 
to  our  Charter. 

The  action  of  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge  in  response  to  the  above  invitation, 
was  the  appointment  by  commission  of  two  delegates,  who  were  present  and 
participated  in  the  services  on  the  occasion  of  the  celebration,  as  representatives 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 


CEA'T/i  .\\y/ .1 /.     MEMORIAL.  6i 

)'K()ci:kdi\c;.s  ix  toMMiTTKi:. 

Agreeably  to  the  wisli  of  the  Lodge,  and  with  ample  powers,  the  ''  Centennial 
Committee  ''  now  took  upon  itself  all  the  arrangements  for  the  great  celebra- 
tion. The  Hon.  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleft",  a  member  of  "St.  Andrew's,"  was  made 
Secretary  of  Committee,  and  tlie  29th  day  of  November,  at  5  v.  m.,  was  fixed  for 
the  time  of  celebration,  on  account  of  St.  Andrew's  day,  which  is  the  thirtieth, 
falling  in  1856  on  the  Sabbath.  It  was  decided  that  the  principal  features  of 
the  occasion  should  be  an  Oration,  with  odes  and  original  music,  the  services  to 
take  place  in  the  Grand  Hall  of  the  Masonic  Temple,  to  be  succeeded  by  a 
banquet  in  the  lower  hall,  and  the  following  were 

INVITED    GUESTS. 

M.  W.  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland, 

All  Grand  Masters    in  the  United  States  and  the  Canadas, 

^L  W.  Grand  Master  of  Grand   Lodge  of  AL\ss.achusetts, 

R.  \V.  Deputy  Grand  IVL^ster  and  G.  Wardens, 

W.  Masters  of  all  Boston  Lodges, 

M.  Ex.  Grand  High  Priest  of  Grand  Chapter, 

High  Priests  of  Subordinate  Chapters, 

ISL  Em.  Grand  Commander  of  Grand  Encampment  of 

Massachusetts  and  Rhode  Island, 

E.  Commanders  of  Subordinate  Encampments. 

Tickets  of  invitation  were  given  to  the  Ladies  of  tlie  above  named  distin- 
guished guests,  and  to  two  ladies  for  each  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  .Vnchew. 

The  furllier  proceedings  of  the  Committee  will  appear  in  the  subjoined 
correspondence  : 

I      2  Bk.'VCon  Sr.,   RosroN, 

(  1 6th  May,  1856. 

Dear  Brother :  — 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Centennial  Committee  of  tlic  Lodge  of  St.  AiuIilw  in  lioston, 
held  this  evening  for  the  purpose  ot'  making  arrangements  tor  the  Centennial  Celebra- 
tion of  the  constitution  of  the   Lodge  hv  the  Grand    Lodge  of  Scotland,  on  the  ihirtictii 


62  C  E  N  TENNIAL    M  E  MORIAL. 

day  of  November,   A.  D.  1756,  it  was  unanimously  voted: — That  Worshipful   Brother 
Hamilton  Willis  be  requested  to  prepare  an  Oration  for  that  occasion. 

In  compliance  with  the  directions  of  the  committee,  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  to 
you  the  above  vote,  with  an  earnest  hope  that  you  will  find  it  in  your  power  to  comply 
with  the  wishes  of  the  Lodge. 

With  much  respect 

I  am  fraternally  yours, 

Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff,  Sec.  of  the  Com. 
To  Hamilton  Willis,  Esq.,  Past  Master  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew. 


Boston,  June  26,  1856. 
My  Dear  Sir  :  — 

Your  note  of  the  i6th  ulto.,  conveying  to  me  the  wish  of  the  Lodge,  that  I  would 
prepare  an  Oration  for  the  Centennial  Anniversary  to  be  celebrated  next  St.  Andrew's 
day,  is  at  hand. 

The  peculiarly  eventful,  nay  extraordinary  history  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  together 
with  the  resources  at  its  command,  I  know  must  prompt  the  gentlemen  of  the  committee 
to  amply  meet  on  that  occasion,  the  laudable  desire  of  the  brethren,  by  a  complete  Cele- 
bration, and  one  of  no  ordinary  character.  In  this  view,  as  well  as  for  other  considera- 
tions, my  own  opinion  has  pointed  to  another  member  of  St.  Andrew's  for  the  fulfilment 
of  the  distinguished  part  in  the  Festival,  which  they  have  now  assigned  to  me.  I  need 
not  mention  the  name  of  this  Right  Worshipful  brother,  so  conspicuous  in  Freemasonry, 
so  exceedingly  endowed  with  skill  and  acquirement  "in  the  art,"  for  response  to  the 
needs  of  this  anniversary.  But  I  must  presume,  that  our  most  accomplished  "work- 
man" has  begun  to  feel  that  it  is  high  time  for  younger  "craftsmen"  to  explore  the 
ancient  fields  of  Masonic  lore,  narrative,  Lodge  history,  and  incident,  which  he  has 
gleaned  with  so  much  honor  to  himself,  and  usefulness  to  "the  Order."  I  therefore,  — 
with  I  trust  becoming  sensibility,  —  shall  undertake  this  duty  in  the  earnest  hope  that, 
by  fidelity  at  least  to  the  bright  record  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  I  may,  in  some 
satisfactory  measure,  respond  to  the  generous  confidence  reposed  in  me,  and  to  the 
sentiments  of  the  Fraternity. 

Sincerely  yours, 

Hamilton  Willis. 
To  Hon.  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtlefl",  Secretary  of  "  St.  Andrew's"  Centennial  Committee. 


CEXTEXXIAL     .\fEMORIAL.  63 

It  will  be  sliown  in  making  up  the  full  account  of  tiiis  memorable  occasion, 
that  Brethren  both  witliin  and  without  the  roll  of  ''  St.  Andrew's,"  did  volunteer 
their  graceful  muse,  to  swell  the  intellectual  feast  of  tlie  day  and  occasion. 

The  Committee's  arrangements  being  perfected  in  the  most  admirable  manner, 
■with  that  thoroughness  of  excellent  detail  which  received  unqualified  encomium, 
the 

RFXORD    OF   THE    CELEBRATIOX 

is  given  in  the  Lodge  Books  in  the  following  language  : 

A  special  communication  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  was  held  at  the  Masonic 
Temple,  on  Saturday,  November  29,  A.  L.  5856,  at  five  o'clock,  P.  M.  for  the  purpose 
of  celebrating  its  one  hundredth  anniversary.  The  Lodge  assembled  in  the  ante-room 
promptly  at  the  hour  appointed,  all  the  members  being  present,  with  exception  of  the 
venerable  brother  Baldwin,  brother  G.  C.  Stearns,  and  brother  H.  W.  Suter. 

The  Worshipful  Master  opened  a  Lodge  of  Master  Masons  "in  form,"  and  at  once 
proceeded  to  the  Grand  ILill,  where  the  invited  guests,  with  their  ladies,  had  already 
assembled  to  the  number  in  all,  of  sonic  four  hundred. 


ORDER    OF    CELEBRATION 


-00  JS^oo- 


VOLUNTARY  ON  THE  ORGAN, 

1;  V  J  .  ir .  w  1  i.f  0  X  ,  K  s  (.) . 

i'  RA  V  K  R, 

\\\     r  H  ]•:    C  H  A  I'  L  A  I  N     0  F    T  HE     LODGE, 

ii  i<  0  .     r  I'.  T  I-:  k     w  A  I  \  w  i<  1  <,  11  i' . 


64 


C E N TE NNIA  L     M E M  O  RI A  L 


ORIGINAL    HYMN. 


HV    BRO.    NATHANIEL    B.    SHURTLEFF. 


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ir      Alto. 


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Almighty  Archi  -  tect,     <li  -  vine,  O'er  these  assembled  brothers  shine  With  mild,  benignant  ray  ; 
1st  Tenor. 

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1st  Bass. 


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^1^^: 


Almighty  Archi  -  tect,     di  -  vine,  O'er  these  assembled  brothers  shine  With-mild,  benignant  ray  ; 
2d  Bass. 


CSJ& 


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Vouchsafe  a  happy  gath'riug  here,  AVith  nought  t'alloy  fraternal    cheer    On  this  centennial     day. 

'I 


gir^E?;!Jfc: 


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mmm 


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Vouchsafe  a  happy  gath'ring  here.  With  nought  t'alloy  fraternal    cheer    On  this  centennial     day. 


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; 1- 


May  all  who  meet  within  this  hall, 
To  grace  St.  Andrew's  Festival 
This  rare  event  employ  ! 


And  may  the  pastime  of  this  night 
Contentment  add  to  pure  delight 
To  consecrate  the  scene  ! 
And  friends  who  join  us  on  this  eve,         And  when  these  hours  of  love  have  pass'd, 
May  they  thy  IxnuUeous  gifts  receive.        May  life,  made  brighter  while  they  last, 
And  share  with  us  the  joy  !  Be  holier  that  they've  been  ! 


ORATION 


BY 


W.   BRO.    HAMILTON  WILLIS, 


PAST    MASTER 


OF 


THE    LODGE    OF    ST.    ANDREW 


On  account  of  the  length  of  this  Oration,  several  passages  were  not  spoken 
in  the  delivery,  and  the  historical  portion,  relating  to  tlie  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew, 
was  condensed.  It  is  now  given  in  full,  as  originally  furnished  to  that  body 
for  the  press,  in  response  to  their  vote  in  March,  1857.  This  Oration  contains 
the  only  history,  in  print  or  manuscript,  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  which  has  ever  been 
prepared. 


Worshipful  Master, 

and  Brctliroi  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Audrezv :  — 

In  a  Republic,  whose  natal  day  has  not  reached  its  centennial  era 
by  a  score  of  years,  the  celebration  of  the  one-hundredth  anniver- 
sary of  a  Masonic  Institution  within  its  border,  is  a  distinguished 
event.  The  contemplation  of  such  an  epoch  brings  the  mind  ir- 
resistibly to  pause  and  linger  upon  the  thought  of  what  a  century 
has  brought  forth  !  It  inspires  us  to  draw  thence,  reflections  which 
shall  brighten  the  veneration  for  Free  Masonry,  of  those  within,  and 
win  the  increased  respect  of  those  without  its  portal. 

Brethren  of  St.  Andrew's,  on  this,  the  centennial  of  our  Lodge, 
with  all  its  eventful  record  fulfilled,  it  is  befitting  to  celebrate  it  with 
fraternal  congratulations.  It  behooves  us  moreover,  to  remember 
that  this  occasion  is  imposing,  and  instructive  ;  —  that  it  is  good  for 
us  to  dwell  on  the  retrospection  ;  and,  above  all,  to  approach  the 
commemorative  duty  its  presence  enjoins,  in  a  spirit  of  reverence 
becoming  the  votaries  of  an  Institution  which  hails  from  the  Great 
Architect,  through  whose  unwavering  beneficence  to  tlie  long  roll 
of  "  workmen,"  the  glory  of  Masonic  principles,  our  own  birth-right, 
have  been  [^reserved  in  bright  memorial  from  a  great  antiquity. 


68  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

In  contemplating  the  history  of  Free  Masonry,  we  are  led  to 
recognize,  in  the  luster  of  its  progress,  a  Divine  protection ;  that 
its  Constitution,  founded  upon  the  Holy  Scriptures,  became  a  stead- 
fast guide,  and  that  its  cardinal  principles  have  been  faithfully  ad- 
hered to.  It  is  this  well-tried  basis,  that  has  given  our  Order  an 
existence  almost  co-eval  with  the  Year  of  Light.  To  the  Brethren 
of  this,  and  succeeding  generations  of  Masons,  working  with  fer- 
vency and  zeal,  will  remain  the  duty  of  handing  Masonry  down  in 
perpetuity,  free  from  the  rust  of  neglect  or  innovation,  with  all  its 
ancient  land  marks  firmly  established. 

The  scroll  of  centuries,  which  have  been  numbered  since  this 
Order  caught  its  inspiration  from  the  noblest  instincts  of  the  heart, 
and  assumed  form  and  identity,  exhibits  no  period  when  Masonry 
made  so  decided  an  impression  on  the  times,  receiving  itself  quick- 
ening impulses,  —  certainly  in  all  the  modes  of  growth  and  estab- 
lishment in  the  eye  of  the  world,  —  as  in  the  first  century  period 
of  our  own  "  St.  Andrew's."  The  two  signal  events  of  this  period, 
whence  the  greatest  consequences  to  Masonry  have  sprung,  are. 
First,  —  the  reformation  in  matters  essentially  of  jurisdiction,  to- 
gether with  the  revival  thereupon  experienced  in  England  A.  D. 
171 7;  when  instead  of  the  illimitable  privilege  of  assemblage 
hitherto  allowed,  without  warrant  of  constitution,  it  was  deter- 
mined by  general  consent,  that  thereafter.  Lodges  or  assemblages 
of  Masons  should  work  only  by  legally  authorized  grants,  in  the 
form  of  Charters,  or  Warrants,  emanating  from  Grand  Lodge. 
Secondly,  —  and  co-eval  with  the  first,  —  the  introduction  of  Mason- 
ry into  North  America. 

Let  us  consider  them  in  this  order:  — 

The  immense  results  flowing  from  the  comparatively  simple  steps 
adopted  by  the  Brethren  of  Great  Britain,  A.  D.  1717,  regarding 
the  details  of  Masonic  Government,  can  scarcely  be  over-estimated, 
and  they  are  to  be  attributed  to  the  inherent  force  of  the  great 
principles  underlying  the  Order,  rather  than  to  any  exalted  merit 
of  origination.  The  germ  of  prosperity  was  already  in  the  Insti- 
tution;, it  remained  for  these  trusting  Brethren  to  give  opportunity 


C  E  N  TE  \XI  A  L     M  E  M  O  K  1  .\  L.  69 

for  its  expansion.  These  wise  steps  imparted  stability,  a  point  of 
concentration,  unity  and  effect.  Their  tendency  was  to  promote 
regular  intercourse,  thus  better  preserving  intact  those  ancient 
land  marks,  which,  hallowed  by  antiquity,  had  gathered  their  tics 
around  the  vitals  of  the  Institution.  The  watchful  eye  of  universal- 
ly recognized  authority  was  necessary  to  guard  the  great  heart  of 
Masonry  alike  from  the  dogmatism  of  zealous  devotees,  and  from  the 
attack  of  fanatical  foes.  The  general  acquiescence,  no  less  than  ad- 
miration, with  which  the  new  regulations  were  welcomed,  filled  the 
Brethren  with  enthusiasm,  and  secured  a  wholesome  impulse 
throughout  Europe.  In  place  of  irregular  meetings  of  individuals 
without  Charters,  or  an  admitted  head,  regular  and  duly  consti- 
tuted Lodges  were  established  all  over  Great  Britain.  The  new 
regulation  became  a  success. 

Scotland  !  —  What  memories  arise  with  the  mention  of  old 
Scotia's  name !  Among  thy  hills,  thy  dells,  thy  wild  heaths,  thy 
bleak  domains,  held  fast  in  the  breasts  of  thy  faithful  sons,  the 
"  Mystic  Tie"  has  been  a  precious  boon,  charming,  cheering,  alike 
the  lonely  Cotter  and  the  Chief  of  Clan  !  "  St.  Andrew's  "  names 
thee  reverently  : —  Scotland  !  where  ever  since  the  first  Lodge  met 
in  the  Abbey  of  Kilwinning  A.  D.  1437,  the  beneficent  tenets  of 
Masonry  had  flourished,  here  they  now  took  fresh  start.  At  Edin- 
burgh, A.  D.  1736  the  new  principle  of  election  to  the  office  of 
Grand  Master,  was  sustained.  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  in 
its  present  constituted  form,  as  distinguished  from  the  ancient  form 
of  "  annual  assemblages,"  dates  from  this  year.  Sir  William  St. 
Clair  called  the  convocation,  November  30,  thirty-three  leading- 
Lodges  being  represented,  and  having  no  male  heir,  he  then  form- 
ally surrendered  the  hereditary  right  of  his  family  to  the  office  of 
Grand  Master,  which  had  been  granted  to  his  ancestor,  William  St. 
Clair,  Earl  of  Orkney  and  Caithness,  Baron  of  Roslin,  by  the 
Second  James  of  Scotland,  in  1437,  and  afterwards  made  heredita- 
ry. He  was  however  thereupon  unanimously  elected  to  the  office, 
in  token  of  his  relinquishment  of  the  honorable  heritage,  and  from 
llial  time  annual  elections  have  been  held.      Lord   Aberdour,  whose 


70  CE  N  TE  NNIA  L    M  E  M  O  RIAL. 

name  is  borne  upon  our  own  Charter,  was  the  first  Scottish  Grand 
Master,  who  has  been  honored  by  re-election  to  that  high  office. 
This  noble-born  Brother,  subsequently  held  a  similar  position  in  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  England.  In  all,  two  Grand  Lodges  and  five  sub- 
ordinate Lodges  in  the  United  States,  were  chartered  by  the  Scotch 
Grand  Lodge. 

Previous  to  1737  the  Scotch  "annual  assemblies"  were  held  on 
St.  John's  Day.  It  was  this  year  changed  to  "  St.  Andrew's 
Day,"  30th  of  November  ;  and  all  Lodges  of  Scottish  descent  do  so 
observe  it.  This  day  commemorates  therefore  the  entire  indepen- 
dence of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  as  well  as  being  the  anni- 
versary of  the  crucifixion  of  the  Patron  Saint  of  that  Kingdom. 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland  was  formed  A.  D.  1729.  The  in- 
auguration of  reform  was  not  confined  to  Great  Britain,  but  ex- 
tended with  Anglo-Saxon  social  or  commercial  influence,  among  the 
nations  everywhere.  The  possession  of  the  Secrets  of  Masonry  be- 
came, to  the  merchant,  ship-master  or  traveller,  a  passport  for  intro- 
duction and  safe  conduct  in  foreign  ports  ;  to  be  a  "  bright "  Mason 
was  to  own  an  accomplishment  of  more  value  to  the  enterprising, 
adventurous  gentleman,  than  many  acquirements ;  at  home  or 
abroad  the  Fraternity  saw  their  account  in  a  knowledge  of  the 
"Mystic  Tie." 

In  France,  where  since  the  second  century,  the  Masonic  art  had 
been  cultivated,  a  surprising  impulse  was  imparted  by  the  new  or- 
ganization of  A.  D.  1743.  It  very  soon  partook  of  the  national  char- 
acteristic ;  appearing  with  a  pomp  and  ceremony  elsewhere  un- 
known ;  new  grades,  together  with  civil  and  religious  orders  were 
added.  This  state  of  prosperity  lasted  until  the  breaking  out  of  the 
French  Revolution  ;  a  temporary  check  was  then  experienced.  It 
recovered  itself,  continuing  to  bear  upon  the  rolls,  names  illustrious 
in  the  literary,  civil  and  military  history  of  that  nation.  The  Em- 
peror Napoleon  was  a  Mason. 

In  Germany,  the  order  was  reorganized  under  royal  patronage, 
and  the  Prince  Royal  of  Prussia  was  initiated  in  1738  :  —  this  per- 
sonage subsequently  instituted  a  Lodge  at  Berlin. 


CENTE  NNI A  L    M  E  MO  R I A  L 


71 


It  is  painful  to  remember,  that  our  gallant  Order  encountered 
serious  opposition  at  one  period  in  Germany,  from  the  ladies  of  the 
Emperor  Joseph's  Court.  What  unmasonic  discourtesy  could  the 
Brethren  have  committed  to  incur  the  enmity  of  that  always  power- 
ful sex  !  It  is  pleasing  to  record,  however,  that  this  opposition 
graciously  yielded  to  representations  made  by  the  distressed 
Brotherhood,  in  behalf  of  the  character  of  Free  Masonry,  just  as 
that  gentle  sex  have  ever  since  done,  without  a  murmur,  and  with 
intuitive  perception  of  right,  evincing  that  delicate  courtesy  and 
good  sense,  for  which,  surely  they  will  ever  be  distinguished. 

In  Holland,  the  Institution  flourished  after  its  establishment  in 
due  form,  A.  D.  1734.  Nearly  every  town  had  its  Lodge.  So 
popular  was  it  to  be  a  Mason,  that  aristocratic  Dutchmen  set  up 
Lodges,  composed  exclusively  of  one  or  another  of  their  Social 
Circles.  A  Magisterial  Lodge  was  also  held,  where  none  but 
Magistrates  were  admitted.  These  were  innovations  upon  well 
settled  usage,  but  Masonry  has  met  many  such,  without  lasting 
prejudice.  Francis  I,  of  Germany,  when  he  was  Duke  of  Tus- 
cany was  made  a  Mason  in  the  Low  Countries,  by  Lord  Chester- 
field, who  opened  a  Lodge  of  "  emergency  "  for  the  purpose.  The 
following  forcible  testimony  to  the  character  of  Dutch  Masons,  was 
given  before  their  "  States  General:"  — 

"  Free  Masons  are  the  most  faithful  subjects,  uniformly  obedient  to  their 
government,  and  true  to  their  country.  The  greatest  union  prevails  among 
them.  They  are  utter  strangers  to  hypocrisy  or  deceit;  they  cheerfully  dis- 
cliarge  every  reciprocal  office,  and  the  institution  is  truly  venerable." 

Such  was  the  eloquent  tribute,  spoken  under  oath  in  truly  the 
highest  official  presence,  more  than  a  century  ago,  to  the  character 
of  Masonry. 

In  Denmark  and  in  Sweden,  Free  Masonry  stands  very  high.  It 
is,  too,  of  great  antiquity  in  both  countries.  The  frequent  mari- 
time intercourse  with  Great  Britain,  afforded  the  Danes  and 
Swedes  the  most  favorable  oj^portunity  of  copying  the  best  Mason- 
ic organization.     Their  Charters,  also,  are  derived  from  the  (irand 


72  CENTE  N  NI AL     ME  A/  ORI A  L. 

Lodo-e  of  Scotland.  It  is  stated  that  the  "  Halls  of  the  Society 
of  Masons  are  superb.  They  are  among  the  finest  edifices  of  the 
great  towns." 

Russia,  twenty  years  after  the  organization  referred  to  at  London, 
A.  D.  1 71 7.  established  her  first  Lodges.  All  classes  in  this  Em- 
pire became  patrons  ;  but  politics  have  now  and  then  interrupted 
their  harmonious  working,  and  at  one  period  the  Lodges  were  held 
only  in  private.     There  is  better  order  now. 

In  Spain  and  Portugal,  the  Inquisition  nearly  paralyzed  our  Order. 
For  ages,  "  the  tenets  "  moved  with  vitality  only  in  the  secret  re- 
positories of  the  steadfast.  But  in  1727  there  was  a  revival;  at 
Madrid,  Lisbon,  Oporto,  and  elsewhere  in  Portugal,  Masonry  was 
planted  anew.  Subsequently,  in  the  larger  cities  of  Italy,  through 
Church  and  State  it  began  to  embrace  the  humble  and  the  exalted. 
Still  the  Pope  of  Rome  issued  his  Bull  against  the  Order,  A.  D. 
1738  ;  bitter  persecution  was  endured  until  Foreign  Princes,  mainly 
at  the  prompting  of  their  Masonic  faith,  interfered  successfully  to 
mitigate  the  wrath  of  jealous  Rulers.  The  edicts,  however,  are  still 
in  force. 

During  the  violence  of  the  French  Revolution  —  from  1790  on- 
ward,—  the  meetings  of  F"ree  Masons  were  interfered  with,  and 
sometimes  stopped  by  the  European  Powers:  —  this  fact  however, 
is  worthy  of  record,  namely,  that  in  England,  our  Lodges  were  ex- 
pressly exempted  in  Acts  of  Parliament  for  the  suppression  of 
secret  meetings. 

Switzerland,  Hungary  and  Poland,  had  each  received  Specula- 
tive Masonry  by  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century.  In  Bohe- 
mia, also,  "  it  was  fashionable  to  be  a  Free  Mason." 

Thus  much  for  results  in  Europe,  which  are  fairly  claimed  to  have 
come  to  pass,  from  the  transactions  of  the  year  1 7 1 7  :  when  a  few 
enlightened  British  Brethren,  in  conjunction  with  several  venerable 
Lodges,  animated  by  a  desire  to  strengthen,  and  promote  the  use- 
fulness of  their  beloved  Institution,  took  Masonic  counsel  together 
at  the  "  Apple  Tree  "  Tavern,  in  London,  and  established  the  Most 
Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  of  England. 


CE  XTE  A'X/A  L    MEMORIAL. 


73 


It  will  be  pertinent,  for  a  fuller  understanding  of  this  most  im- 
portant measure  in  the  annals  of  Free  Masonry,  to  state,  that  from 
the  era  of  the  earliest  recorded  Grand  Master  in  Great  Britain, 
A.  D.  924,  up  to  the  times  here  treated  of,  the  rule  was  as  follows : 

Any  sufficient  number  of  Masons,  assembled,  were  empowered 
to  practise  the  Rites  of  Free  Masonry,  without  warrant  of  Consti- 
tution. The  privilege  was  in  the  aggregated  individual  Brethren. 
But  at  the  organization  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England  the  follow- 
ing regulation  was  adopted,  under  date  A.  D.  1721. 

To  wit :  — 

"  The  privilege  of  assembling  as  Masons,  which  has  hitherto  been  unlimited, 
shall  be  vested  in  certain  Lodges,  or  assemblies  of  Masons,  convened  in  certain 
places  ;  and  that  every  Lodge  to  be  hereafter  convened,  excepting  the  four  old 
Lodges,  at  this  time  existing,  shall  be  legally  authorized  to  act,  by  warrant  from 
the  Grand  Master  for  the  time  being,  granted  to  certain  individuals  by  petition 
with  tiie  consent  and  approbation  of  the  Grand  Lodge  in  communication  ;  and 
without  such  warrant  no  Lodge  shall  be  hereafter  deemed  regular  or  constitu- 
tional." 

"  The  Grand  Lodge  of  England  "  here,  and  thus  far,  mentioned, 
must  not  be  confounded  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  York,  where  the 
first  General  Assembly  of  Masons  was  held  in  modern  times  in  the 
tenth  century  —  otherwise  styled  The  Grand  Lodge  of  All  England. 
The  former  was  also  styled  The  Grand  Lodge  of  "  The  South," 
and  the  latter  The  Grand  Lodge  of  "  The  North." 

By  A.  D.  1780,  a  competent  authority  states  the  number  of 
"  Regular  "  Lodges  in  Europe,  to  have  been  twelve  hundred  and 
forty-seven.  Of  these,  over  four  hundred  were  in  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland,  and  four  hundred  and  eighty-four  in  France. 

It  is  not  assumed,  that  the  above  regulation,  which  was  simply 
instrumental,  was  the  sole  cause  of  the  regeneration  of  Free 
Masonry  all  over  Europe,  as  has  thus  far  been  narrated.  No  ;  it  is 
not  enough  to  declare  that  this  ancient  Order  was  touched  by  the 
magic  wand  of  modern  organization  to  accomplish  this.  The  time 
had  come,  —  the  march  of  mind,  material  advances,  the  in\-ention 

10 


74  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

of  gun -powder,  of  the  Mariners  compass  and  the  art  of  printing  — 
they  need  not  be  enumerated,  —  the  poHtical  advance,  the  Revoki- 
tion  of  1689,  progress  in  the  condition  of  society,  etc.  ;  suffice  to  say 
the  age  had  gone  forward,  morally  and  materially,  whilst  Masonry, 
which  had  been  equal  to  the  emergency  in  every  age,  respectively, 
from  the  remotest  antiquity,  till  the  dawn  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
was  now  to  meet  the  test  of  that,  —  the  test  of  the  age  upon  and 
before  it.  There  was  a  crisis,  a  turning  point ;  and  the  question 
before  our  British  Brother  Masons  of  171 7  was,  must  the  Order 
remain  in  the  back-ground  .''  I  will  not  say  succumb  ;  must  it  rust 
out  or  become  only  a  splendid,  it  may  be  a  weird,  a  mythical  trad- 
ition .''  No  !  no  !  the  vital  Masonic  principle,  as  old,  as  new,  as  sure 
as  the  instinct  of  manhood,  possessed  inherently  the  germ  of  ad- 
vance to  meet  that  crisis  of  A.  D.  171 7,  as  it  will  to  meet  the  re- 
quirements of  future  ages  by  still  other,  newer  organizations,  if  need 
be.  Ay,  already  we  have  an  example  in  point,  presently,  in  due 
course  to  be  recorded  here.  I  allude  to  the  organization  of  Specu- 
lative upon  Operative  Masonry.  But  let  us  first  trace  the  benef- 
icent pathway  of  the  Order  around  the  world,  and  next  proceed  to 
the  second  signal  event  of  the  past  century,  before  we  touch  our 
emblems  of  inspiration. 

We  resume,  then,  the  progress  of  Masonry  beyond  Europe. — 
Evidence  of  undeniable  data  shows  that  the  spread  of  Masonry 
which  followed  these  transactions,  was  not  confined  to  one  conti- 
nent. The  refreshing  fountain,  from  the  well-springs  of  Free 
Masonry,  sent  its  pure  stream  everywhere.  In  Asia,  whence,  fol- 
lowing the  sun  light  in  its  track,  "  the  Art,"  with  its  sister  Arts, 
have  travelled  to  the  West  ;  the  "  craft  "  were  again  set  at  work,  and 
the  "Mystic  Word"  was  sought.  At  Aleppo,  A.  D.  1740,  an 
English  official  gathered  together  a  Lodge.  In  Bengal,  Madras, 
Calcutta,  at  several  points  in  the  East  Indies,  in  China,  Batavia, 
Ceylon,  and  even  at  still  more  remote  places.  Masonic  Lodges  were 
constituted.  The  native  nobility,  with  the  so  styled  upper  classes, 
were  attracted  to  the  Order,  and  extraordinary  success  attended  the 
"work"  of  the  Brethren.     The  M.  W.  Grand   Lodge  of  England, 


CEXTEXXIAL     MEMORIAL.  75 

av^ailing  of  the  opportunity  aft'ordcd  by  the  preponderating  com- 
mercial intercourse  of  Great  Britain,  engaged  itself  in  planting 
Lodges  within  and  beyond  her  Provinces.  This  parent  body  sent 
letters  of  compliment,  accompanied  by  suitable  gifts,  to  prominent 
natives  of  distant  lands,  in  token  of  their  patronage  of  "  the  Art," 
oftentimes  receiving  in  return,  grateful  assurances  of  the  deep  hold 
it  had  secured. 

In  Africa,  about  the  year  1736,  a  Lodge  was  erected  on  the 
banks  of  the  River  Gambia,  another  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope 
in  1773  ;  also  at  St.  Helena,  Tunis,  Morocco  and  Madagascar,  and 
at  the  Sandwich  Islands.  In  1796  Mohammedan  Brethren  visited 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts. 

The  P'rench  and  Dutch,  in  their  respective  colonies,  favored  the 
introduction  of  Masonry.  Doubtless,  the  interests  of  civilization, 
peace  and  good-will,  perhaps  even  the  dictates  of  ordinary  prudence, 
helped  thus  to  enlarge  the  sphere  of  our  Order,  at  this  comparative- 
ly early  period,  in  communities  situated  far  away  from  the  centre  of 
power  in  Europe.  Motives  of  policy,  convenience  or  sociality,  may 
have  been  involved  in  this  rapid  extension.  But  from  whatever 
aspect,  or  by  whomsoever  the  subject  is  reviewed,  it  is  gratifying  to 
know  that  the  ancient  renown  of  the  Brotherhood  was  again  recog- 
nized, and  fully  appreciated  for  its  manifold  beneficent  abilities  as 
well  as  for  its  precious  power  over  the  sensibilities  of  the  untu- 
tored. 

Such  are  some  of  the  fruits  of  the  Order's  "  new  steps,"  or 
"  modern  organization,"  and  they  were  but  a  development  as  has 
been  already  considered  of  the  latent  force,  always  present  in  the 
bosom  of  Free  Masonry,  in  embryo,  wonderfully  traced  by  the  hand 
of  the  Supreme  Artificer,  to  give  potentiality  to  the  "  Mystic  Art," 
towards  winning  its  eternal  way,  strewing  flowers,  unobtrusively, 
over  the  checkered  life-route  of  man,  no  matter  under  what  circum- 
stances, how  benighted  ;  how  illumined  be  his  condition,  spiritual  or 
physical,  even  to  lands  where  Christianity  has  not  yet  been  taught. 

We  come  now  to  the  second  signal  epoch  of  the  eightccnlh  cen- 


76  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

tury  in  Masonry,  namely,  its  introduction  *'  in  due  form "  into 
North  America.  This  epoch,  the  most  marked  and  consequen- 
tial in  all  its  history,  was  inaugurated  by  three  important  events, 
as  follows  :  — 

First,  by  the  erection  of  the  "  Saint  John's  Grand  Lodge  of  Free 
and  Accepted  Masons  for  New  England,"  under  seal  of  Grand 
Master,  Lord  Viscount  Montague,  30th  July,  A.  D.  1733,  at  the 
"  Bunch  of  Grapes  Tavern,"  State  street,  Boston,  with  Right  Wor- 
shipful Henry  Price  as  Grand  Master.  This  commission  bore  date 
30th  of  April,  that  year,  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  The 
next  year  the  Grand  Master  was  invested  with  power  to  establish 
Masonry  in  all  North  America.  The  celebrated  Dr.  Franklin  was 
in  this  same  year  commissioned  by  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  to  es- 
tablish the  first  Lodge  in  Pennsylvania. 

Second,  by  the  erection  of  "  The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,"  in 
Boston,  under  a  Charter  dated,  30th  of  November,  A.  D.  1756, 
granted  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

Third,  by  the  appointment,  under  seal  of  the  Grand  Master,  the 
Right  Honorable  George,  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  on  the  30th  of  May, 
A.  D.  1769,  of  the  Master  of  "The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,"  the 
Worshipful  Joseph  Warren,  to  be  "  Grand  Master  of  the  Masons  in 
Boston,  New  England,  and  within  one  hundred  miles  of  the  same,"  — 
a  grant  of  power  which  was,  under  date  March  3d,  1772,  by  Grand 
Master,  the  Right  Honorable  Patrick,  Earl  of  Dumfries,  extended 
over  the  "  Continent  of  America."  Both  of  these  authorizations 
were  also  made  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

The  consummation  of   this  last  grant  of  Masonic  jurisdiction, 
came  to  be  best  known  in  history  as  "  The  Most  Worshipful  Mas- 
^sachusetts  Grand  Lodge."     But  before  "  it  "  strictly  became  entitled 
to  that  designation,  "  it  "  passed  through  a  record  peculiarly  inter- 
esting as  well  as  altogether  unprecedented  in  Masonic  annals. 

Inasmuch  as  "  This  Grand  Lodge  "  begun  at  the  instance  of,  and 
"^was  inseparably  associated  for  fifteen  years  with  St.  Andrew's  Lodge, 
—  whose  history  will  be  detailed,  in   course,  further  on   in   this  ad- 
dress,—  the  following  succinct  statement,  touching  both,  will  be  in 
point  here. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  77 

At  the  beginning,  then,  in  1769,  the  style  of  Massachusetts 
Grand  Lodge  was  the  "Provincial  Grand  Body."  In  June,  1775, 
"its"  Grand  Master  fell  on  Bunker  Hill,  and  a  new  appointment 
from  Scotland  was  solicited.  None  was  legally  needed  —  none 
came.  On  the  8th  of  March,  1777,  "to  soften  the  rigor  of  the 
war,"  and  from  the  exigency  of  the  situation,  a  Grand  Master  was 
duly  elected.  On  the  6th  of  December,  1782,  a  "  declaration  of 
independence  "  speaks  for  itself,  as  follows  :  — 

"  Resolved,  That  this  Grand  Lodge  be  forever  hereafter  known  and  called 
b}-  the  name  of  The  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient  Masons,  and  that 
it  is  free  and  independent  in  its  government  and  official  authority,  of  any  other 
Grand  Lodge  or  Grand  Master  in  the  universe." 


'&■■ 


The  two  Grand  Bodies,  namely,  "  The  Massachusetts  "  and  "  St. 
John's  Grand  Lodge, "  continued,  all  along  from  their  respective 
commencements,  to  exercise  authority  in  a  common  jurisdiction, 
until  March,  A.  D.  1792,  when  the  former,  having  alone  tided 
Grand  Lodge  organization  uninterruptedly  through  the  distractions 
caused  by  the  American  Revolution,  they  made  a  union,  forming 
the  present  "  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts," 
under  the  official  title  of  "  The  Grand  Lodge  of  the  Society  of 
Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  for  the  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts." 

St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  originally  founded  under  the  ancient  mode 
of  assemblage,  \\\)  to  A.  D.  1769,  acknowledged  allegiance  solely  to 
the  parent  body  in  Scotland  ;  from  that  date  until  January,  1784, 
the  Lodge  in  part,  acknowledged  the  authority  of  "  The  Massa- 
chusetts Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient  Masons."  After  1784,  St. 
Andrew's  ceased  to  be  represented  in  that  Grand  Body  ;  but  having 
always  retained  its  original  Charter,  this  Lodge  continued  to  work 
under  it,  owning  allegiance  to  Scotland  alone  up  to  the  iithof 
September,  1809,  ^t  which  date  St.  Andrew's  placed  itself,  with  the 
consent  of  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  where  in  honorable  affiliation, 
this  Lodge  now  is,  still  holding  its  original  Scotch  Charter,  with 
the  endorsement  of  its  adopted  parent. 


78  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

From  1769,  the  time  of  its  election,  till  1792,  the  time  of  its 
-,  "  consolidation,"  this  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient 
Masons  "  chartered  twenty-nine  Lodges  in  New  England  and  one 
in  New  York.  Nineteen  of  these  are  now  alive.  Tyrian  Lodge  of 
Gloucester,  Massachusetts,  was  the  first  one,  and  Massachusetts 
of  Boston,  was  the  second  ;  the  former  under  date  of  March  2d, 
and  the  latter,  of  May  12th,  A.  D.  1770. 

I  have  thus  sketched  an  outline  of  the  leading  incidents  which 
ushered  the  benign   " '  Mystic  Art '    in    due   and  approved  form," 
upon  the  new  scene  of  this  Western  Continent ;  an  epoch  that  we 
have  called  the   second  signal  one  of  the  eighteenth   century  in 
Free  Masonry,  reserving  much   filling  up  —  as  above  stated  —  for 
the  more  detailed  history  of  "  St.  Andrew's."     And  now  from  the 
foundation    of  these    Institutions,  at  what  was    at  that   time   the 
Metropolis  of  this  hemisphere,  from  the  devotion,  ability,  skill  and 
sterling  character  of  the  Brethren,  who  laid   in  perfect  work  the 
corner-stones  of  the  Masonic  edifice  in  New  England,  from  the  zeal- 
ous rivalry  which  prevailed  between  the  two  "  Grand  Bodies,"  and 
from  the  strength,  position,  and  special  influence  of  "  St.  Andrew's," 
by  reason  of  these  causes,  I  say,  may  be  traced  the  rapid,  and  gen- 
eral diftusion  of  the  glorious  principles  of  Masonic  Faith,  in  ample 
form,  with  purity,  intelligence  and  "  skill  of  craft,"  over  a  thriving 
continent,    at   a   period    co-eval    with    their   invigorated    diffusion 
through  the  people  of  the  "  Old  World." 

Before  passing  this  division  of  the  topic  it  is  necessary  to  re- 
mark, upon  what  under  the  present  established  political  and 
Masonic  government  of  the  United  States,  seems  an  anomaly :  — 
Namely,  the  existence  of  two  "  Grand  Bodies "  in  one  and  the 
same  territory  and  common  jurisdiction  ;  and  it  is  also  to  be  stated 
that,  during  the  time  of  the  transactions  in  the  colony,  the  St. 
John's  and  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodges  did  not  agree  in  the 
courtesy  or  legality  of  such  common  jurisdiction,  etc.  This  afore- 
said state  of  things,  however,  under  the  circumstances,  was  never- 
theless in  proper  accord  with  Masonic  law  and  usage,  to  wit  :  — 
Either  of  the  regularly  constituted  Grand  Masonic  Bodies  of  Great 


C  E  N  TE  a\  N  IAL    M  em  OR!  A  L  .  79 

Britain  or  Ireland,  the  parent  country,  had  the  indisputable  right 
to  grant  jurisdiction  in  any  of  its  colonies.  These  New  England 
colonies  were  joint  possessions  of  the  same  crown,  and  being 
subject  to  the  same  Power,  were  equally  at  the  Masonic  disposal  of 
each  of  the  Grand  Bodies  of  the  British  Empire.  Under  precisely 
similar  circumstances,  the  same  practice  exists  at  this  moment  in 
the  Canadas,  where  Lodges  work  with  Charters  respectively  granted 
by  the  Grand  Lodges  of  England,  Ireland  and  Scotland  ;  moreover 
it  is  true  that  Masonic  jurisdiction  is  not  in  all  cases  restrained  by  the 
limits  of  political  sovereignty  any  more  than,  as  a  matter  of  course, 
must  such  jurisdiction  be  confined  to  geographical  lines,  or  ordinary 
social  distinctions.  In  the  archives  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew, 
—  whose  members  were  prominent  actors  in  the  age,  and  among 
the  transactions  of  w^hich  we  are  here  speaking,  —  is  preserved  the 
following  document.  It  will  be  seen  that  it  not  only  bears  directly 
on  this  point,  but  it  also  lights  up  another  Masonically  important 
historical  issue,  pregnant  in  its  day  with  great  consequences.  The 
document  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  right  of  commission,  by  the  Grand  Lodge  has  been  exercised  before  the 
erection  of  your  Lodge,  as  instance  the  appointment  of  Colonel  Jolin  Young  to 
be  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  all  the  Lodges  of  North  America,  who  acknowl- 
edge the  jurisdiction  of  Scotland.  The  exception  which  is  now  taken  to  your 
Charter  by  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  on  account  of  the  so  styled  infringement 
by  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge  is  gratuitous." 

(Letter  of   the   Earl   of   Elgin  and  Kincardine,   Grand   Master,- 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  A.  D.,  1762). 

But  historical  justice  requires  the  additional  remark  here,  be- 
cause bearing  upon  and  largely  qualifying  opinions  on  that  old 
question  of  jurisdiction,  to  this  effect  :  —  during  the  whole  progress, 
it  lasted  scores  of  years  —  of  this  memorable  contest  at  J^oston, 
in  our  Order,  what  is  known  as  "  Ancient  and  Modern  Masonry," 
a  really  absurd  issue,  —  certainly  a  gratuitous  one  in  America, — 
deeply  pervaded  several  wide  spread  important  portions  of  the 
Masonic    I'^amily.      It    i)rcvailc(l   severely  in    New   l^ngland  : — -but 


8o  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

here  again,  for  the  sake  of  the  continuity  of  my  subject  matter,  I 
must  reserve  all  consideration  of  it,  for  its  proper  place,  in  the 
narrative  of  our  own  "  St.  Andrew's." 

Having  now  rapidly  surveyed  the  successive  steps  of  the  Order, 
in  setting  foot  on  this  continent,  let  us  —  in  happy  imitation  of  the 
plan  of  the  "  Ancient  Ritual,"  in  "  all  regular  and  well  governed  " 
circumstances,  —  pause  for  contemplation,  summon  in  review  the 
Grand  Institution,  its  causes  of  success,  and  repeat  its  admonitions. 

The  unknown  origin  of  Free  Masonry  ought  not  longer  to  attract 
the  astute  research  of  the  learned.  Let  us  cling  to  the  more  valu- 
able and  significant  fact  of  its  mysterious,  nay  its  almost  miraculous 
preservation  from  so  remote  an  antiquity.  We  know  that  Lodges, 
or  assemblages  of  Masons,  in  some  form,  existed  ages  anterior  to 
the  necessity  which  called  '*  the  Order  "  so  conspicuously  into  notice, 
under  the  Wise  Grand  Master,  King  Solomon,  at  the  building  of 
the  Temple.  It  was  given  to  the  attentive  mind  and  cunning  hand, 
who  planned  and  executed  that  marvellous  structure,  so  to  mould 
the  physical  and  mechanical  material  at  his  disposal,  that  each 
should  be  admirably  economized  for  the  purposes  designed.  "  Labor 
and  Refreshment "  were  harmoniously  proportioned.  From  the 
"  designs "  drawn  on  that  "  Trestle  Board,"  sprang  anew  the 
"  Temple "  of  Masonry,  in  later  times  curiously  tesselated  by  the 
handiwork  of  the  craft.  King  Solomon's  work  was  finished  ;  but 
the  work  of  the  Mason  had  only  begun.  The  skilful  teachings, 
taught  by  the  "  Master,"  were  held  fast  in  "  faithful  breasts  ; " 
through  them  the  "  secrets  "  have  been  handed  down  to  us.  The 
world  would  not  hold  its  own  records  ;  but  Age  upon  Age  bears 
evidence,  in  admired  monuments,  the  labor  of  brethren,  to  vouch 
with  unerring  accuracy,  and  in  superb  memento,  for  the  perfect 
work  of  the  "  operative  "  Freemason, 

As  we  follow  on  in  the  current  of  centuries,  to  periods  within 
reach  of  modern  records,  abundant  evidence  is  shown  to  prove 
that  agreeably  to  ancient  usages  of  the  craftsmen,  they  continued 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORFAL.  8i 

to  assemble  ;  Charters,  together  with  powers  of  special  privilege 
from  sovereign  rulers,  are  extant,  confirming  such  right.  Here  and 
there  in  prominent  mention  among  national  archives,  the  duties, 
objects  and  dispensations  for  these  "  societies "  are  found.  The 
Charter  granted  by  James  II.  to  the  Earl  of  Orkney,  A.  D.  1441, 
is  kept  in  the  archives  of  the  Order.  The  Charter  of  our  own 
"  St.  Andrew's  "  is  in  terms  a  duplication,  with  all  the  landmarks 
duly  set,  of  the  one  erecting  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  by  the 
Fourth  James  of  the  kingdom.  The  chronicles,  as  well  as  ordinary 
tradition,  for  more  than  two  thousand  years,  testify  to  the  presence 
of  Masonry  in  important  transactions  of  those  ages. 

But  in  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century,  as  we  have  seen, 
the  force  of  concentrated  effort  came  to  be  better  understood  ; 
Freemasonry,  wrapped  in  the  folds  of  a  renowned  antiquity,  bear- 
ing within  itself  almost  the  absolute  heritage  of  command,  was, 
nevertheless,  fully  awake  to  the  spirit  of  the  times  which  it  en- 
countered. Renewed  zeal  discovered  itself  in  its  concerns  ;  the 
time-hallowed  "  ancient  landmarks  "  were  re-set ;  the  usages,  cere- 
monies and  due  observances  of  the  Fraternity  were  more  exactly 
inculcated  ;  that  division  of  labor,  together  with  precision  in  gov- 
ernment, which  contributed  to  those  material  pillars  of  strength 
and  beauty  under  our  ancient  Grand  Masters, — when  the  Temple 
workmen  were  operating,  —  became  more  and  more  recognized  ; 
so  that,  before  the  noon  of  the  century,  Freemasonry  had  re-ap- 
peared, in  its  pristine  glory,  in  new  fields  of  usefulness,  under  due 
control.  Verily,  the  "  Mystic  Tie  "  grandly  stood  forth  a  beacon 
light  to  the  world,  heralding  faith,  hope  and  charity,  from  pillars 
of  "Wisdom,  Strength  and  Beauty." 

Europe,  and  -generally  the  "  old  world,"  on  to  near  the  middle 
epoch  of  our  colonial  dependence  saw  Freemasonry  illustrated 
almost  wholly  by  the  "  operative  kind."  During  this  period,  which 
embraced  all  those  ages  that  have  come  down  to  us  in  anything 
like  historic  aimals,  the  precious  tenets  of  the  Order  served  as  a 
panoply  and  ark  of  safety  for  the  protection  of  the  brotherhood, 
and   the  integrity  of  their  faith.     But,  as  gradually  mankind  grew 

n 


82  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

more  and  more  elevated   in  the  standard  of  intelligence,  as  knowl- 
edge was  dififused,  as  the  benefit  of  useful  discoveries  was  imparted, 
and  an  acquaintance  with  the  arts  and  sciences  was  more  generally 
sought,  the  "  craftsmen,"   keenly  alive   to    the   interests    of  their 
fellow-men,  and  in  response  to  the  genius  of  the  age,  generously 
relinquished  the  tenacity  of  their  hold  upon  the  inestimably  valu- 
able secrets  of  "  operative   Masonry."     The  cherished  secrets,  the 
wonderfully   drawn    Trestle  Boards,  the    designs    of    the    Master 
Mason,  —  all  priceless  jewels  of  the  Order  held,  as  it  were,  from  time 
immemorial,  in  trust  for  the  benefit  of  mankind,  whether  within  or 
without  the  "  Inner  door  of  the  temple,"  —  were  made  known,  given 
up  freely  at  the  behests  of  an  improved  and  advancing  people.     A 
thoroughly  trained  chosen  acquaintance  with  those  manifold  arts 
which  made  up  the  proud  distinctive  accomplishments  of  the  Oper- 
ative Mason,  ceased  thereupon  to  be  "  with  good  report  and  recom- 
mendation," the  sole  condition  of  admission  into  the  Lodges.     The 
sphere  of  the   Masonic   Institution  was  hereby  to  be  heightened 
immeasurably  in  moral  grandeur,  while  it  was  not  longer  to  go  on 
enlarging  its  practical  daily  usefulness  to  the  human  race  as  an  art. 
A  different  field  at  once  opened,  new  relations  came  to  pass,  fresh 
connections   presented    themselves,  and   the   latent    strength,  the 
intellectual  and  moral  capacity  of  Masonry,  was  now  really  to  be 
tested.     A  principle,  which  had  hitherto  illustrated  itself  to  the  eye 
of  the  learned,  and  been  commended  to  the  gazing  wonder  of  the 
masses,  only  by  means  of  superb  edifices,  costly  intricate  struct- 
ures, and  the    noblest    monuments ;    now    straightway  appeared 
solely  in  the  sublime,  but  simple  attributes  of  a  charitable  associa- 
tion ;  bound  together  by  immutable  links,  as  inscrutable  as  before, 
to  the  uninitiated.     It  is  then,  since  this  cardinal  feature  of  Free- 
masonry, always  inherent  in  its  bosom,  has  been  brought  promi- 
nently forward  into  the  view  of  the  world  ;    in  other  words,  it  is 
since  the  Institution  was  re-organized  in  its  "  speculative  "  kind  ex- 
clusively, that  it   has   come  to  meet   the  issue,  to   stand  trial  with 
society,  in  this  Western  Hemisphere.     In  fact,  the  introduction  of 
Masonry  into  America,  was  co-eval  with  the  great  feature  exhibited 
in  its  triumphal  progress,  which  we  have  thus  sketched. 


C E  N T E NNIA  L     J/ E  M  ORIAL.  83 

And  now  in  reflecting  upon  the  leading  causes,  that  have  power- 
fully conspired  to  place  "  speculative  Freemasonry  "  in  the  prized 
situation  it  holds  in  all  communities  ;  in  reflecting  upon  the  causes 
of  its  marvellous  universality ;  we  are  forced  to  assert  its  admirable 
fitness  to  the  wants  of  men  in  every  station  of  life  ;  together  with 
the  harmony  which  its  beneficent  tenets  invoke  towards  reconcil- 
ing man  to  his  fellow-man,  by  bringing  in  sympathetic  contact, 
under  the  working  of  perfect  system  those  tender  sentiments  which 
lay  in  the  breasts  of  all  mankind,  ready  to  be  moved  when  the  right 
chord  is  touched.  The  Masonic  secrets  cannot  be  described  to  the 
uninitiated  ;  but  the  faithful  brother  knows  them  all  as  the  spirit  of 
Masonry.  The  grand  secret  is,  its  five  points  are,  again  and  again 
the  "  Spirit  of  Masonry,"  and  they  may  be  patent  to  every  one, 
who  is  duly  and  fully  prepared  to  recognize  their  power,  and  to 
suffer  his  heart  to  beat  in  unison  with  the  hearts  of  those,  who  have 
earlier  felt,  and  sooner  embraced  their  renewing  vitality.  Every 
human  being,  no  matter  what  his  strength,  or  capacity  of  gifts 
vouchsafed,  does,  at  moments  here  and  there  in  life's  pilgrimage, 
feel  the  need  of  that  gentle  regard,  that  friendly  grasp,  that  delicate 
courtesy,  which  they  alone,  who  worship  at  the  same  shrine,  do  fully 
bestow,  —  can  fully  reciprocate.  The  charity  which  only  gives,  is 
secondary,  —  oh  !  how  far  less  worthy  indeed,  —  to  that  charity,  which 
kindling  with  emotion  at  the  tale  of  distress,  opens  with  whole 
heart  to  the  sufferer  and  forever  more,  in  weal  or  woe  is  friend  and 
brother.  Masonic  deeds  of  benefit  cannot  be  reckoned,  they  are 
never  counted.  The  left  hand  heeds  not  what  the  right  hand 
doeth.  They  are  unproclaimed,  unseen,  like  the  healing  oil  poured 
into  the  wound,  its  flow  is  not  visible  ;  that  it  has  flowed  is  not 
seen  by  the  eye,  until  it  has  filled  to  the  full  the  wound  of  the 
afflicted.  This,  my  brethren,  this  my  hearers,  is  the  real  majesty 
of  that  "  Mystic  Tie,"  so  charming  to  the  initiated,  as  it  throws  its 
perpetual  halo  of  religious  light,  and  radiant  beauty  around  those 
immutable  emblems,  fixed  by  the  founders  of  the  faith,  in  beaming 
lustre  in  our  Temples,  to  animate  the  young,  to  cheer  the  aged 
brothers  ;    to  (luicken   the   sluggish  ;    to   temper  the  enlluisiastic  ; 


84  CEN  TE  NNIA  L     ME  M  O  R I A  L  . 

but  above  all,  to  keep  forever  bright  in  untiring  remembrance, 
those  Divine  precepts,  which  are  at  once  the  life,  the  light,  the 
jewels  and  glory  of  Freemasonry. 

During  comparatively  the  modern  advance  of  the  Order,  in  its 
absolutely  exclusive  moral  attitude,  it  has  met,  as  in  circumstances 
before  in  all  ages,  with  stern  opposition.  When  has  reform,  or 
proffered  benefit  not  met  opposition,  nay  persecution  }  Hostility 
by  indifference  or  open  warfare,  attends  always  steps  of  advance. 
They  increase,  too,  with  the  spread  of  all  efforts  of  amelioration 
in  human  condition,  often  intensifying  in  degree,  as  the  promised 
boon  is  silent,  unobtrusive,  intangible  to  the  public  eye  in  its  work- 
ing. The  priceless  gem  sees  the  light  only  by  having  the  crusts 
embosoming  it  partially  removed.  Masonry  also  has  met,  perhaps 
it  may  again  meet  bigoted  intolerance,  despotism,  the  promptings 
of  envy,  a  mingling  of  hateful  motives,  each  and  all  but  thickened 
crusts,  impeding  a  march  in  a  progress,  that  will  not,  cannot  be 
stayed. 

The  Institution  however,  had  taken  deep  root.  The  vital  prin- 
ciple of  Speculative  Masonry  was  too  strong,  its  influence  was  too 
potent,  its  purposes  were  too  momentous,  and  resting  confidingly 
upon  its  Book  of  Constitutions,  adhering  steadfastly  to  the 
"  ancient  landmarks,"  to  obedience  to  rulers,  with  fresh  adminis- 
tration, pointing  to  renowned  annals,  the  "  Order  "  has  uniformly 
prevailed,  just  as  it  did  at  a  more  recent  day,  when  unworthy 
men, — "Cowans  and  Eaves  droppers,"  —  essayed,  with  astounding 
impudence,  to  hurl  into  the  vortex  of  political  strife,  —  impelled  by 
calculating,  selfish  baseness,  —  an  Institution  within  whose  potent 
charm  they  failed  to  enter,  and  which  they  could  not  appreciate. 

Passing  from  this  rapid  contemplation  of  "  Operative  and  Specu- 
lative Masonry,"  and  from  its  condition  in  the  "  Old  World,"  where 
the  rust  of  time,  the  mouldering  waste  of  age,  has  obliterated  the 
precise  details  of  an  Institution,  which  has  outlived  both  causes 
of  destruction  ;  let  us  now  try  the  motives,  consider  the  influences, 
and  then  summon  forth  some  of  the  doings,  that  the  introduction 
of  Freemasonry  into  New  England  has  brought  to  pass,  between 


CENTE  NNIA  L     MEM O  RIA  L .  85 

"  high  twelve,"  of  the  past,  and  the  noon  of  the  present  century  ; 
a  period  covered  by  the  records  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  and  more  than 
spanned  by  those  of  its  noble  parent  body,  who  is  pleased  to  recog- 
nize in  our  Lodge  a  child  faithful  to  her  adoption. 

In  approaching  this  branch  of  my  subject,  I  am  moved  with  more 
than  ordinary  distrust  in  my  ability  to  present  such  an  estimate  of 
so  paramount  an  era  in  Masonry,  as  shall  do  justice  to  my  own 
convictions  ;  and,  what  is  of  greater  consequence,  one  that  shall  re- 
spond to  the  sentiments,  in  this  regard,  of  the  distinguished  breth- 
ren and  gentlemen,  whose  presence  on  this  occasion  is  a  gracious 
recognition  of  the  importance  of  the  era,  as  it  certainly  is  a  mark 
of  respect  to  the  Order,  and  to  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew.  More- 
over, the  special  intelligence  of  the  fraternity  in  this  part  of  Masonic 
history,  holds  the  speaker  to  what  may  be  expressed  as  an  embarrass- 
ing fidelity  in  statement  of  details. 

Touching,  then,  the  motives  for  establishing  Lodges  in  this 
country,  the  conclusion  is  irresistible  that  an  earnest  conviction  of 
the  exalted  character  of  Masonry,  of  its  philanthropic  design,  of  its 
social,  hospitable,  and  charitable  character,  was  foremost  in  the 
minds  of  the  Masons,  who  in  1733  laid  the  first  stone  of  their 
cherished  edifice  here  in  Boston.  By  this  act,  the  founders  of  "  St. 
John's  Grand  Lodge"  added  another  proof  of  the  universality  of 
Freemasonry.  They  saw  in  a  territory  so  vast,  so  promising,  and 
so  sparsely  settled  by  different  races,  the  need  of  an  influence  more 
subtle  and  efficacious  for  good  than  either  governmental  or  ordinary 
social  institutions  can  ever  afford.  They  witnessed  eager,  stirring, 
absorbed,  busy  communities,  who  demanded  rest  to  over-taxed  facul- 
ties, some  healthy  diversion,  some  other  aspect  in  the  scene  of  daily 
life  more  joyously  colored  than  the  grim  picture,  which  from  the 
earliest  colonial  time,  had  been  set  before  the  people,  drawn  and 
deep  shaded  still  in  that  day  in  the  austere  lineaments  of "  Puri- 
tanism." A  holiday  sketching-in  must  beautify,  by  pleasing  con- 
trast, the  never  so  essential  drudging  details.  The  outlook  ui)on 
the  landscape  must  have  the  blending  of  softer  tints  and  glowing 
emblems  as  much  as  the  grandeur  of  dignified  outline.     These  wise 


86  CE  N  T  E  NNI A  L    M  E  M  O  RI A  L. 

founders  foresaw,  amid  the  usual  discordant  elements  of  individual 
interest,  of  such  a  necessarily  rough  state  of  society,  a  wide  domain 
opening  for  the  wholesome  display  of  sentiments  which  could  miti- 
gate severities  in  civil  and  social  relations,  and  infuse  the  charm  of 
amenity  and  good  fellowship  through  the  land,  for  its  happiness  and 
jDrosperity.  In  one  word,  that  divinely  inspired  idea  so  early  taught 
in  our  steps  towards  the  Light,  which  enjoins  upon  us  to  regard 
all  mankind  as  Brothers,  underlay,  and  was  the  superior  motive 
towards  gathering  into  fold  the  early  Masons  on  this  continent, 
organized  Lodges,  and  made  a  beginning  for  good  work. 

If  comparisons  were  pertinent,  between  old  and  new  world 
Masonry,  the  thought  might  be  ventured  : — that  abroad  and  here- 
tofore, it  had  shone  beautiful  in  theory,  whilst  here  it  promised  to  be 
the  embodiment  of  a  prime  active  daily  duty.  In  the  one  land  it 
was  apt  to  be  felt  as  an  adornment  of  especial  personal  merit ;  in 
the  other,  it  was  meant  to  raise  the  standard  of  general,  popular 
regard. 

In  estimating  next  the  influence  and  success  which  the  introduc- 
tion of  Freemasonry  secured,  let  us  see  into  whose  hands  was  its 
guidance  first  put ;  for  from  this,  in  addition  to  the  perfection  of  the 
tools  confided  to  the  workmen,  are  we  to  trace  results,  which  have 
done  honor  to  the  Institution  in  this  country. 

Among  the  men  who  embraced  our  Order  and  became  zealous  in 
its  observances,  are  names  which  are  notably  identified  with  the 
memorable  eras  of  the  colonies.  Patriots,  who  nurtured  the  ideas, 
which  spoke  the  nation  into  birth  ;  who  stood  by  doing  yeoman  ser- 
vice in  the  fearful  struggle  which  raised  it  to  maturtiy,  and  who 
lived  to  see  their  fame  grow  with  its  strength,  and  be  stamped 
with  the  prestige  of  world-wide  renown.  In  the  religious,  military, 
and  civil  history  of  the  Nation  the  Brethren  were  noted  ;  in  sci- 
ence, in  the  arts,  in  professional  careers,  came  good  and  wise  men 
of  all  stations,  who,  drawing  from  the  same  fountain  of  inspiration, 
joined  with  steadfast  attachment  to  Masonry.  To  a  very  surprising 
extent  numerically,  as  also  in  point  of  high  character,  will  this 
statement  be  in   accord.     It   is   not  claimed  that  love   of  liberty. 


CE  N  TE  NNIA  L     ME  M  O  R I A  L  .  87 

natural  rights,  moral  and  artistic  culture,  a  well  regulated  society, 
had  their  sole  main-spring  from  an  order  that  make  such  aspirations 
cardinal  points  ;  but  rather  that  the  constructive  harmony  inherent 
in  Masonry,  was  adequate  and  marvellously  consistent  with  tlicm 
all.  It  is  this  adaptation  to  the  infinite  relations,  social  and 
ofificial,  in  civilized  communities  ;  in  one  word,  it  is  this  "  Spirit  of 
Masonry,"  more  than  the  charm  of  apposite  emblems,  singular  mys- 
teries, or  inscrutable  secrets  which  has  really  given  Freemasonry 
its  clear  record  and  universality  from  the  year  of  Light. 

Again,  the  political  freedom,  secured  by  the  Independence  of  the 
United  States,  carried  with  it  the  privilege  and  opportunity  of 
questioning  the  propriety  of  the  existence  of  all  Societies.  This 
was  a  just  claim  of  the  people ;  but  in  theory  and  practice  it  was 
in  marked  contrast  with  that  other  set  of  political  ideas,  which  in 
Europe  gave  to  the  jealous  aristocratic  few  the  sole  right  of 
opinion,  a  monopoly  of  influence,  with  the  power  of  enforcement. 
Before  both  of  these  tribunals  has  Freemasonry  been  on  trial.  It 
is  before  that  one,  which  is  the  most  searching,  and  from  which  the 
most  satisfactory  verdict  is  taken,  namely  ;  with  the  public  opinion 
of  a  free  people,  that  the  order  had  now,  for  the  first  time  in  the 
world,  come  to  be  confronted.  What  has  been  the  verdict .''  Is 
the  Lodge  record  of  innumerable  charities .''  ay,  the  very  absence 
of  the  record  of  benefactions !  in  answer  ;  No,  no  ;  such  things 
are  not  spoken  of  elsewhere,  they  shall  not  be  here.  Masonry  does 
not  need  them  in  evidence !  Summon,  instead,  the  good  repute  of 
the  "  Roll  of  Workmen  ;"  witness  the  uniformly  conspicuous,  and 
always  courteous  part  borne  by  the  Brotherhood  on  public  occasions. 
Behold!  from  the  imposing  ceremonial  of  a  country's  mourning  to 
the  scene  of  tenderest  commemoration,  where  a  few  Brethren  arc 
assembled  bearing  "  the  sprig  of  Acacia,"  mingling  a  sentiment  of 
fraternal  sympathy  with  the  wail  of  sorrow  in  the  bereaved  circle  ! 
Til  both  will  the  eye  linger  long,  on  the  solemn  l)ut  cheering  em- 
blems of  the  Mason's  faith.  Or,  when  moved  by  grand  purpose, 
civic  or  associated  enterprise  rears  the  enduring  monument  to 
patriotism,  high   jorized   worth,  to  ])hilantlirop)',  learning,  valor,  use 


88  CEN  TE  NNI AL     ME  M  O  R  I A  L. 

or  art,  there,  too,  Freemasonry  pours  forth  its  symboHc  benison 
in  "  Corn,  Wine  and  Oil."  Behold,  too,  amid  the  popular  joy,  with 
pomp  and  pageantry  on  Gala  days,  the  "  Order "  responds  to  the 
general  call  and  decks  the  scene  with  regalia  adorned  in  jewelled 
emblazonry,  pregnant  in  meaning  to  the  initiated.  Even  the 
formation  in  this  country  of  respectable,  and  doubtless  excellent 
so  called  "  secret  societies,"  imitations  in  "  parts  or  points,"  of  some 
of  the  belongings  of  the  ancient  Masonic  body,  perhaps  with  other, 
but  worthy  objects,  are  in  some  proper  degree,  a  testimony  to 
our  good  name  ;  or  it  may  be  solely  to  successful  administration. 
But  these  evidences,  with  the  solicitation  for  admission  to  our 
Lodges,  are  after  all  only  the  extrinsic  evidence  of  popularity.  One 
true  secret  of  the  influence  of  Masonry  in  the  United  States,  and 
of  the  stand  which  it  now  securely  occupies  in  all  parts  of  society, 
is,  the  opportunity  presented  by  the  genius  of  our  whole  social,  as 
well  as  governmental  structure,  for  the  development  of  that  ancient 

^  "  landmark "  of  our  Order,  which  rebukes  artificial  distinctions, 
fostered  by  the  caprice,  the  pride,  the  avarice  of  man,  by  reason  of 
birth,  or  any  accidental  advantages  whatsoever  ;  such  distinctions 
or  ranks,  as  have  been  set  up  in  other  countries,  to  dash  the  man- 
hood of  men.  —  And  here  let  me  remark  that  Freemasonry,  my 
brothers,  must  be  vigilant  to  keep  bright  its  own  inestimable  teach- 
ings ;  in  view  of  the  baleful  j^ride,  and  its  consequences,  which  the 
rapid  prosperity  of  the  American  people  often  exhibit  so  conspicu- 
ously. In  our  times,  we  have  need  to  value  that  noble  sentiment 
of  "  The  Craft,"  which  declares,  "  that  it  is  the  internal  and  not  the 

"^  external  qualifications  which  should  recommend  a  man  to  be  made 
a  Mason."  A  rigid,  untemporizing  steadfastness  to  this  "  land 
mark,"  has  not  only  j^romoted  the  moral  grandeur  of  Masonry, 
besides  perpetuating  its  power,  but  it  is  instrumental  for  the  com- 
mon weal  in  a  land  where  every  honorable  asj)iration,  and  each 
faculty  of  humanity,  has  full  scope. 

Masons  must  recognize  another,  and  it  is  the  deepest  cause  of  the 
flourishing  growth  of  that  scion  of  the  old  Masonic  tree  planted  in 
this  New  England  soil.    It  is  the  lessons  imparted  to  the  "  Initiate," 


C  ENTE  N  Nl  AL     M  E  .]f  O  A'  I A  L.  89 

as  step  by  step,  from  darkness  to  light,  from  the  corner  stone  to 
the  key  of  the  arch,  he  is  led  into  the  mysteries  of  the  craft.  We 
must  not,  in  every  presence,  lift  that  veil — more  than  it  has  been 
done  already  in  operative  Masonry  —  wrought  by  the  cunning 
handiwork  of  illustrious  craftsmen,  our  predecessors,  which  has 
proved  immemorially  so  impenetrable  a  panopl}-  for  the  protection 
of  the  Mason's  faith,  no  less  than  for  a  positive  public  good  ;  but 
Masonry  declares  that  "  She  would  call  all  men  Brethren,"  lift- 
ing her  secret  veil  to  —  those  who  are  duly  and  fully  prepared  ; 
asserting,  likewise,  that  it  is  a  preparation  of  the  heart.  Therefore, 
let  us  conjure  you,  friends,  to  believe  that  no  step  is  made  towards 
the  "  Mystic  Tie  "  which  does  not  inculcate  trust  in  God,  obedience 
to  rulers,  charity,  hospitality,  the  sacred  fulfilment  of  all  obliga- 
tions, and  which  by  the  most  engaging  method  does  not  impress 
upon  the  mind  the  dignity  of  knowledge.  No  religious  duty,  no 
social  tie,  or  public  call  can  be  neglected,  consistently  with  Masonic 
pledges  ;  whilst  from  the  first  lesson  taught  to  the  "  youngest 
entered  apprentice,"  to  the  last  moment,  when  the  flickering  light 
has  dimmed  his  earthly  tabernacle,  these  great  truths  are  vividly 
impressed  upon  his  attention  by  typical  representations  of  perpetual 
remembrance,  as  unchangeable  as  is  that  all  seeing  eye,  who  deigns 
to  recosnize  in  their  similitudes,  svmbols  of  the  Creator's  love  for 
His  creatures. 

Before  passing  from  this  part  of  my  subject,  let  me  venture  one 
other  reflection  on  the  inherent  strength  of  the  Masonic  principle 
in  this  country,  to  wit  :  —  In  Europe,  the  "  Lodges  "  have  embraced 
members  of  exalted  social  and  political  position,  who,  separated  by 
well  recognized  distinctions  unknown  here,  have  exercised  an  in- 
fluence according  to  the  degree  of  their  elevation  before  the  com- 
munity. These  Masons,  by  reason  of  an  enlightened  faith  in 
Masonry,  together  with  an  ability  to  point  everywhere  in  Europe 
at  monuments  proclaiming  the  services  and  skill  of  the  "  Operative 
Craft,"  secured  to  it  on  the  one  hand  patronage,  and  on  the  other, 
respect  and  acquiescence  at  large.  There  has  been  another  ele- 
ment of  su]:)]K)rt  abroad,  to   the    Institution.  ec[ua]ly  unknown  here. 

12 


90 


CENTE  NNIA  L    ME  M  O  RI A  L. 


It  is  the  desire  of  oppressed  subjects,  for  some  secret  point  of 
concentration,  for  the  safe  interchange  of  convictions  in  civil  emer- 
gencies. In  this  RepubUc  how  different  is  all  this !  Here,  the 
unyielding  note  of  clamor  for  individual  rights,  the  stern  cry  for 
popular  redress,  those  first,  last,  and  always  perpetual  claims  of 
freemen,  are  heralded  with  clarion  tones  in  an  asylum  vaster  than 
the  arena  of  Lodges  ;  while  the  cry  will  reach  an  auditory  of  the 
nation's  great  brotherhood.  It  must  be  so.  Elsewhere  there  are 
aspirations  in  the  breasts  of  a  people  which  can  only  whisper  in 
utterance.  Let  me  not  be  understood  as  intimating  that  opposi- 
tion to  tyranny  even,  could  be  organized  in  Lodges  anywhere,  or 
that  such  hopes  are  a  proper  element  of  the  hold  of  the  Institution, 
—  or  that  it  has  ever  been  so  used  ;  for  reasons  obvious  to  Masons 
such  measures  are  impossible.  The  recent  failure  of  Kossuth  to 
move  politically  in  our  Lodges  is  an  illustration  of  my  point,  both 
in  its  conception  and  utter  failure.  But  it  is  suggested  simply  as 
a  reason,  why  Masonry  in  nations  less  free  than  America,  might 
possess  a  charm  to  the  masses,  which,  however  fallacious,  did  draw 
their  aid  to  its  support.  This  reflection,  if  it  does  not  enhance, 
certainly  does  not  take  from,  the  still  plain  fact  that  Freemasonry 
in  the  United  States  has  taken  care  of  itself,  without  help  from  the 
patronage  of  any  class,  or  the  presence  of  the  trophies  of  the 
Operative  Brothers,  or  from  any  adventitious  cause  whatsoever ; 
but  by  its  own  Wisdom,  Strength,  and  Beauty. 

My  Brothers,  these  considerations  are  not  only  a  striking  tribute 
to  the  lofty  claim  of  our  Institution  for  universal  regard,  but  they 
are  significant  of  the  paramount  consequence  of  its  introduction 
into  this  country.  Such  reflections  seemed  to  me  to  be  in  senti- 
ment, pertinent  to  this  auspicious  Centennial  occasion  ;  and,  co-eval, 
as  the  record  run  over  was,  with  the  great  Masonic  revival  of  A.  D. 
1717,  it  seemed  also,  that  they  were  both  worthy  of  presentation  to 
you,  as  signal  events  of  the  Eighteenth  Century. 

Brethren  of  "  St.  Andrew's  : "  after  this  long  survey  of  the  Ma- 
sonic Institution,  we  come  now  to  the  history  of  our  own  beloved 
and  venerable  Lodge,  —  a  history  without  a  parallel,- in   the  line  of 


CENTE  XX/.l  L     MEMORIAL 


91 


conspicuous  Masonic  events  through  which  its  members  have  been 
prominent  actors. 

The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  in  its  official  relations,  has  occupied 
six  positions  successively.  First,  as  subordinate  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland ;  second,  in  recognition  by  a  Provincial 
Grand  Body,  substantially  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  own  creation  ;  third, 
in  a  qualified  recognition  of  a  Grand  Lodge,  caused  by  the  exi- 
gencies of  the  American  Revolution  ;  fourth,  by  recognition  in 
part,  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  ;  fifth,  to  comparatively, 
the  anomalous  position  of  an  isolated  Lodge  ;  and  finally,  to  the 
relation  now  occupied  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Massachusetts.  During  the  whole  of  this  period,  and  amid  all 
these  respective  official  relations  of  the  Lodge,  this  body  has  uni- 
formly worked  under  the  original  Scotch  charter  granted  to  it,  one 
hundred  years  ago  this  night,  bearing  an  endorsement,  made  forty- 
seven  years  since,  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  and  one 
honored  member,  the  venerable  Zephaniah  Sampson,  recorded  in 
1805,  who  participated  in  the  change  last  alluded  to,  is  spared  to 
us,  and  is  present  this  evening.  May  the  Almighty  Architect 
guard  and  guide  our  Brother,  and  finally  receive  him  into  His  per- 
fect Lodge  above ! 

But  the  proper  history  of  "  St.  Andrew's "  stretches  its  record 
even  beyond  the  century,  whose  close  we  are  met  to  commemorate. 
This  history  covers  yet  another  relation  ;  associated  in  its  leading 
feature  with  the  ancient  usage,  in  the  past  ages  of  Freemasonry. 
It  is  briefly  as  follows  :  —  In  1752  a  number  of  Masons  in  Boston, 
who  did  not  recognize  the  authority  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Eng- 
land, and  in  consequence  the  integrity  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge 
in  this  colony,  assembled  to  form  a  Lodge,  in  accordance  with  im- 
memorial usage  prior  to  A.  D.  1721.  This  action  was  very  properly 
called  in  question  by  "  St.  John's,"  whereupon  those  Brethren  who 
were  accomplished  Mason.s,  referred  their  action  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland.  This  was  in  1754.  The  Scotch  Grand  Body, 
as  will  be  seen  further  on  in  its  i)r()per  [)lace,  under  the  more 
formal    proceedings    of   "St.    Andrew's"   for  regular  organization, 


92  CENTEXNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

did  regularize  these  Masons,  at  the  same  time  graciously  recogniz- 
ing the  aforesaid  immemorial  usage  ;  in  other  words,  the  good 
intention  and  acts  of  these  Masons^  insomuch  as  to  set  forth  in 
their  minutes,  that  the  charter  granted  to  regularize  them  was  one 
of  "  New  Erection,"  which  technical  phrase  signified  that  the 
Body  now  constituted,  had  a  beginning  "  in  form  "  at  some  time, 
antedating  the  charter  then  and  there  granted. 

The  prime  consideration,  then,  which  presents  itself  in  the  his- 
tory of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  is  this  ;  why  did  its  founders  seek  a  charter 
in  Scotland,  when  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons  was  already  at  work  in  ample  form  within  the  colony,  on 
the  same  spot,  and  had  been  so  for  twenty  years  .-*  The  answer  — 
and  it  is  the  most  singular  and  prominent  episode  in  modern 
Masonry  —  is,  that  the  vigorous  era  brought  on  by  the  revival  in 
the  old  "  Order,"  A.  D.  171 7,  was  fertile  in  projects  of  reform,  which 
culminated  in  1738  in  a  so-called  secession  from  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  England,  on  questions  purely  local  in  Great  Britain.  A  rival 
Grand  Body  appeared.  An  unbecoming  strife  was  engendered. 
Whereupon  the  English  Grand  Lodge,  in  order  to  detect  who  of 
the  Brethren  were  in  sympathy  with  itself,  and  who  were  of  the 
"  secession "  household,  adopted  a  strange,  frivolous,  and  uncalled 
for  tampering  with  one  feature  of  the  Ritual.  This  unwise,  gratui- 
tous step  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England  was  cunningly  seized 
upon  by  the  other  party,  and  made  the  most  of  by  claiming  for 
themselves  the  title  of  "  Ancient  Masons,"  because,  in  the  matter 
of  Ritual,  the  seceders  had  made  no  change  whatever,  but  ad- 
hered strictly  to  the  ancient  landmarks,  while  they  denounced  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  England,  styling  that  Body  "  a  Grand  Lodge  of 
Modern  Masons."  Thus  the  terms,  "  Ancient  and  Modern,"  wholly 
arbitrary  in  this  application,  came  to  be,  in  a  portion  of  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  Masonic  family,  opprobrious  names,  designative  only  of  two 
parties  to  a  quarrel,  both  of  whom  were  equally  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons.  No  Masonic  bodies  but  those  strictly  of  English  descent  — 
and  not  all  of  them  —  took  part  in  this  quarrel.  The  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland,  in  particular,  by  prudent  and  forbearing  conduct,  uni- 


CEX  TE  AW  I A  L     M  E  M  O  RI A  L  . 


93 


formly  exerted  its  influence  to  avert  any  pernicious  effects  of  the 
controversy  from  the  "  Order "  in  general,  and  hoth  sorts  of  so- 
styled  brethren  were  invariably  welcomed  to  its  Lodges.  This 
painful  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  difterence,  lasted  for  seventy-five 
years  in  the  mother  country,  and  during  the  greater  part  of  this 
period  it  embittered  Masonic  relations  in  the  colonies.  It  really 
became  a  species  of  original  sin  in  its  working,  seriously  embarrass- 
ing innocent,  upright  made  Masons  in  both  "  Ancient  and  Modern  " 
folds.  It  is,  however,  an  honorable  fact  to  record,  that  in  Boston, 
the  light  of  reason  and  good  sense  soonest  dawned.  By  the  begin- 
ning of  this  century,  an  example  of  reconciliation  was  set,  and  in 
the  year  1813  the  notorious  "Ancient  and  Modern"  differences 
ceased  to  disfigure  any  portion  of  the  clean  escutcheon  of  Free- 
masonry. 

Some  aspects  of  the  actions  of  men,  when  arrayed  in  heated 
partisanship,  do  partake  of  the  grotesque  ;  but  outside  the  realm 
of  mythical  story,  we  search  in  vain  for  an  absurdity  parallel  to 
this  one. 

In  a  fable  of  Voltaire,  let  me  invoke  a  likeness  of  one  feature  of 
this  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  contest,  —  so  styled.  In  Babylon,  at 
the  time  of  King  Moabdar,  there  lived  a  man  of  consequence,  named 
Zadig.  He  was  skilful,  wise,  and  very  popular.  Now,  in  the  city 
for  five  hundred  years,  the  great  political  parties  were  the  "  Left 
Footers  "  and  "  Right  Footers."  It  was  an  essential  i^lank  in  the 
faith  of  one,  that  the  Temple  of  Mithra  should  be  entered  with 
the  left  foot  foremost ;  and  of  the  other,  with  the  right  foot  fore- 
most. It  came  to  pass  on  a  great  occasion,  that  Zadig,  for  the 
first  time  must  visit  the  Temple  of  Mithra,  and  very  intense  was 
the  excitement  between  the  "  Left  and  Right  Footers,"  to  be  as- 
sured on  whose  side  the  great  man  was.  The  day  came.  The 
avenues  of  the  Temple  were  thronged  ;  the  people  of  Babylon  were 
breathless  with  emotion.  Zadig  advanced  to  the  entrance,  paused 
an  instant,  then  jumped  over  the  threshold  with  both  of  his  feet 
together.     This  jump  disposed  of  the  question. 

Saint  John's  Grand  Lodge,  —  the  only  organized  body  of  Masons 


94 


C E N  TE  NNI A  L     M E  M  ORIAL 


in  the  colonies,  —  in  the  strictness  of  their  fealty  to  the  parent  body, 
refused  to  affiliate  with  "  Ancient  Masons."  Now  among  the  breth- 
ren in  Boston,  about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century,  were  a 
^  number  of  skilful  brethren  who  were  "  Ancient  Masons,"  who,  un- 
willing to  submit  to  exclusion  from  the  practice  of  Masonry  in 
Boston,  unwilling  also  to  ask  any  Erection,  —  if  indeed  it  would 
have  been  granted,  —  from  St.  John's  Lodge  of  "  Moderns,"  availed 
themselves  of  an  acquaintance  with  a  number  of  "  Ancients  "  at 
Halifax,  and  with  one  brother,  of  still  greater  intimacy,  James 
Logan,  who  was  in  the  colony  at  the  time.  Almost  immediately 
thereupon,  in  the  language  of  a  contemporary  writer,  these  breth- 
ren further  associated  themselves  "  with  a  number  of  Masons,  many 
of  whom,  having  been  initiated  in  foreign  countries,  became  emu- 
lous to  cultivate  the  Royal  Art  under  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge," 
and  forwarded,  in  1754,  a  petition  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland 
for  a  Charter. 

It  must  be  observed  here,  that  independently  of  this  "  Ancient 
and  Modern "  issue,  the  inference  is  plain,  that  a  preference  for 
Scottish  Masonic  authority, — whose  purity  was  never  questioned, 
—  was  present  in  the  motive  to  go  thither  for  a  Charter,  instead 
of  seeking  any  rights  and  privileges  from  a  strictly  English  source, 
the  authority  of  which,  howsoever  perversely,  was  nevertheless 
disputed  by  a  powerful  opposition. 

This  petition,  —  with  the  recommendation  of  the  Falkirk  Lodge, 
in  Scotland,  —  was  presented  to  the  Grand  Committee  of  the 
Scotch  Grand  Lodge,  at  a  sitting,  held  in  Mary's  Chapel,  on  the 
22d  of  November,  1756,  and  approved.  Thereupon  a  delay  ensued 
of  nearly  four  years  ;  during  which,  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  made 
certainly  six  Masons.  These  earliest  records  have  become  so 
mouldered  or  wasted,  that  no  more  candidates  can  be  made  out 
as  having  been  carried  through.  Brother  George  Bray,  who  is 
named  in  the  Charter,  was  the  first  one. 

—  The  cause  of  this  long  delay  is   not  surprising.     A   French 

war  with  Great  Britain    and    her  colonies,  was    one    interruption. 

'  The  correspondence  of  Bro.   Logan  with  "  St.  Andrew's,"  during 


CENTENNI A  L    MEM ORIA  L 


95 


these  four  years,  shows  many  others,  all,  however,  of  detail,  for  the 
business  was  new,  probably  without  exact  or  sufficient  precedent. 
For  instance :  certain  requisite  names  were  omitted  by  the  peti- 
tioners ;  the  name  of  the  Lodge  to  be  chartered  was  not  set  forth. 
The  customary  adjustment  for  the  Grand  charity  fund  of  the  Ma- 
sonic Infirmary  of  Scotland, —  the  guinea  tribute,  and  half  crown 
initiate  fee  to  Grand  Parent  Lodge,  were  to  be  determined,  and 
curiously  enough,  the  ignorance,  —  strangely  common  abroad,  even 
in  our  day,  of  the  geography  of  America,  caused  delay.  Thus,  the 
Scotch  officials  on  more  than  one  occasion,  addressed  letters  to 
"  The  Brethren  of  Boston  in  Virginia."  Lastly,  in  payment  of 
preliminary  charges,  "  St.  Andrew's  "  sent  out  a  consignment  of 
"  buck  skins  and  other  goods,"  valued  at  fifty  pounds  sterling 
which,  by  some  ov^ersight,  became  "  forfeit "  to  the  customs  and 
when  about  to  be  sold  in  the  British  Court  of  Exchequer,  fortu- 
nately were  saved  to  the  Lodge.  It  is  to  be  remarked,  however 
that,  at  no  time,  was  there  a  shadow  of  objection  started,  as  to 
the  standing  of  the  brethren. — 

At  length,  in  the  autumn  of  1760,  the  Charter  was  received  by 
the  hands  of  brother  Wm.  Mac  Alpine,  a  Scotchman,  afterwards  a 
member  of  the  Lodge,  and  the  following  are  the  minutes  and  ex- 
tracts, from  the  books  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  concerning 


Its  grant. 


''  Grand  Secretary's  Office, 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotlan 


JD."  \ 


At  a  meeting  of  Grand  Committee,  held  in  Mary's  Chapel,  22d   November, 
1756,  inter  alia:  — 

There  was  also  presented  to  the  committee  a  petition  of  sundry  Brothers  and 
P'ree  and  Accepted  Masons,  residing  in  Boston,  New  England,  praying  to  be 
erected  into  a  regular  Lodge,  under  tiie  sanction  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scot- 
land, and  along  with  said  petition,  there  was  presented  to  said  committee  a 
recommendatory  letter  by  the  Master  and  Wardens  of  tlie  Lodge  of  Falkirk,  in 
relation  to  the  said  ])elition.     'Die  committee  having  considered  tlie  i)ctition  and 


96  CEN  TE  NNIA  L    ME  MORI  A  L. 

letter  of  recommendation,  they  remit  the  same  to  the  consideration  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  with  this  opinion,  —  that  the  documents  produced  along  with  the  said 
petition,  are  sufficient  to  entitle  the  petitioners  to  a  Charter  of  Constitution. 


Quarterly  Communication, 
Mary's  Chapel,  21st  May,  1759, 
inte7'  alia. 

Ordered,  Tliat  the  Charter  of  Constitution  mentioned  in  the  minutes  of  the 
30th  November,  1756,  in  favor  of  Isaac  DeCoster  and  others,  Brothers  in 
Boston,  in  New  England,  be    expede  under   the  title   of  St.    Andrew's  Lodge, 

Boston. 

SFrom  Grand  Lodge  Records, 
Wm.  A.  Laurie,  Gd.  Sec, 
August,  1855. 


The  name  of  Saint  Andrew  was  bestowed  upon  the  Lodge  from 
the  interesting  fact  that  its  petition  for  a  charter  was  presented  on 
that  Saint's  day. 

On  the  fourth  of  September,  A.  D.  1 760,  the  charter  was  laid 
before  the  Lodge,  and  in  the  same  evening  work  was  commenced 
amder  it,  by  receiving  Paul  Revere,  a  goldsmith  and  engraver,  as  an 
Entered  Apprentice.  This  charter  is  numbered  81,  of  the  Regis- 
try of  Scotland,  and  not  82,  as  is  usually  given  in  current  Masonic 
documents.  Lodge  82  in  Scotch  Registry  is  that  of  Blandford, 
Virginia.  This  original  parchment  has  always  been  in  possession 
of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  and  with  the  endorsement,  as  before 
stated,  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  is  the  Masonic 
authorization  under  which  the  Lodge  has  uninterruptedly,  for  a 
century  past.  Received,  Passed,  and  Raised  Masons. 

Isaac  DeCoster,  who  was  in   Scotland,  pending  the  proceedings 

"^  for  this  charter,  had  been  designated  by  Bro.  Logan  for  the  office 

of  Master,  and  he  held  that  office  from  April  10,  1756,  to  July  10, 

1760,  notwithstanding  his  absence.     Bro.  DeCoster  had  previously 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  97 

been  a  member  o{  a  Lodge  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  and  on  his 
cominii  to  Boston,  was  refused,  admission  as  a  visitor  to  the  old 
First  Lods:e  of  the  town  by  two  votes,  because  he  was  an  "  Ancient 
Mason."  His  instructions  to  St.  Andrew's,  during  his  Mastership, 
and  while  absent,  are  curiously  imbued  with  the  controversial  -■ 
Masonic  spirit  of  that  day. 

The  earliest  Lodge  meetings  were  held  at  Bro.  Whateley's  Inn, 
and  occasionally  at  private  houses  ;  but  the  organization  of  the 
Lodge  on  its  official  New  Erection,  took  place  in  the  Long-room  of 
the  Green  Dragon  Tavern.  On  the  receipt  of  the  charter,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1 760,  the  meetings  were  held  at  the  Royal  Exchange 
Tavern,  King  street,  —  now  State  street,  Boston,  and  continued 
there  until  the  purchase,  —  for  £,^^66,  13s.  4d.  —  of  the  Green 
Dragon  Tavern,  March  31,  1764.  After  this  celebrated  Inn  came 
into  the  possession  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  it  was  known  also 
as  Freemason's  Arms,  and  the  apartments  occupied  by  the  Masons, 
as  Mason's  Hall.  This  estate  has  ever  since  been  the  property 
of  this  Lodge  ;  it  began  to  meet  regularly  here  April  13,  1764,  and 
assembled  here  continuously  up  to  18 18. 

We  may  v>^ell  imagine  the  exultant  joy  which  the  "  Ancient " 
Masons  of  Boston  felt  at  the  realization  of  the  fact  of  a  charter  in 
actual  possession,  from  so  exalted  a  source  as  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland  ;  and  on  the  other  hand,  the  chagrin  of  the  "  Moderns  " 
at  the  successful  erection  of  a  Lodge  by  their  opponents,  whom 
they  had  denounced,  and  had  striven  to  keep  out  of  the  Lodges  of 
the  town.  Besides  this  very  natural  feeling,  here  was  a  rival  body 
in  a  common  jurisdiction  with  at  least  a  title  from  an  undisputed 
parentage,  who  could  make  Masons,  and  exercise  all  the  functions, 
rights  and  privileges  of  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masonry.  In 
other  words,  what  before  was  a  scattered  number  of  unregularized 
brethren,  whom  the  close  organization  of  a  sole  recognized  body 
could  treat  in  Masonic  relations,  as  they  saw  fit,  had  now  become  a 
legally  constituted  Lodge,  under  the  latest  laws  and  best  established 
form  of  the  institution.  Moreover,  this  rival  body  was  knit  to- 
gether in   tlic  strong  bond  of  zealous,  quickened   sympathy,  with 


98  CENTE  NNTA  L     M  EM  OR  I A  L . 

resources  in  "  basket  and  in  store,"  and  ample  skill  in  knowledge 
of  the  craft. 

It  is  pertinent  however,  to  remark  here,  that  the  intelligence  of 
Boston  Masons  on  both  sides  of  this  unhappy  division,  did  show 
them  how  meaningless  —  certainly  everywhere  outside  of  England 
—  was  the  nature  of  this  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  contest.  Both 
sides  knew  that  each  were  lawfully  made  Masons,  and  the  convic- 
tion must  be  forced  upon  the  careful  reader  of  the  annals  from  1750 
to  1 800,  how  little  of  plain  dealing,  of  proper  tact,  was  really  neces- 
sary to  banish  forever  the  whole  of  it  to  England,  where  the  quar- 
rel belonged.  The  analogy  in  this,  to  all  human  concerns,  discovers 
the  same  old  working ;  namely  :  —  that  it  is  ever  the  little  irrita- 
tions which  do  most  annoy,  and  are  longest  endured,  whilst  a  cause 
of  decided  magnitude  is  more  likely  to  be  promptly  and  intelli- 
gently disposed  of 

Notwithstanding  this  jubilant  feeling,  "  St.  Andrew's "  cour- 
teously presented  their  new  charter  to  M.  W.  Bro.  Gridley,  Grand 
Master  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  for  his  inspection,  claiming 
also,  fraternal  recognition  and  fellowship.  The  Grand  Master  did 
recognize  the  authentic  character  of  an  act  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland,  but  persisted  in  refusing  all  Masonic  intercourse  with  the 
Lodge,  asserting  that  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge  had  been  deceived ; 
that  the  brethren  of  "  St.  Andrew's"  were  clandestine  made  Masons  ; 
that  the  charter  was  an  infringement  of  the  jurisdiction  of  "  St. 
John's  "  Grand  Powers,  and  that  the  brethren  could  only  be  regular- 
ized by  "  St.  John's,"  on  payment  of  "  the  charge  for  entertain- 
ment." Such  was  the  language  of  a  vote  of  this  Provincial  Grand 
Lodge,  and  but  for  the  hospitable  customs  of  the  Order,  in  that  day, 
would  be  deemed  discourteous,  as  well  as  reproachful.  It  is  mainly 
significant  now,  as  proving  what  has  been  before  characterized  as 
the  substantially  frivolous  ground  of  difference  between  these 
"  Ancients  and  Moderns." 

In  the  above  paragraph  are  grouped  the  positions  and  attitude  of 
St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  in  their  relations  with  "  St.  Andrew's," 
from   the  beginning  of  the  latter   named   Lodge   up  to  1767.     On 


CENT  E  N  N I A  L     MEM  O  R  lAL. 


99 


repeated  occasions,  proper  efforts  were  made  to  bring  to  pass,  cour- 
teous and  friendly  relations.  These  efforts  went  so  far  as  to  at- 
tempt to  reconcile  entirely  the  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  issue  in  this 
colony  ;  and  it  is  but  reproducing  the  truth  of  history  to  assert, 
that  "  St.  Andrew's "  acted  the  most  creditable  part  throughout. 
Our  Lodge,  however,  continued  to  receive  the  visits  of  the  so-called 
"  Moderns,"  and  admitted  them  to  membership  even,  without  reci- 
procity on  the  other  side.  At  length,  impelled  by  self-respect, "  St. 
Andrew's "  closed  its  doors  against  them  ;  but  not  until  a  vote 
peremptorily  "  forbidding  all  members  of  Lodges  in  the  jurisdiction 
of  '  St.  John's '  visiting  a  Lodge  of  Scotch  Masons,  so  called,  in 
Boston,"  had  been  passed  by  their  opponents.  Frequent  corre- 
spondence with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  furnished  the  entire 
concurrence  of  that  distinguished  Body,  in  all  the  steps  of  our 
Lodge.  Yet  a  spirit  of  vindictiveness  and  surly  conduct  animated 
the  "  Moderns  "  for  these  nearly  ten  years. 

Meanwhile,  the  Lodge  was  actively  at  work,  and  did  not  omit 
giving  suitable  publicity  to  its  valued  charter.  In  the  newspapers 
of  the  town  as  early  as  1761  and  afterwards,  advertisements  noting 
celebrations  of  the  "  St.  John's  Festival,"  appeared  in  the  following 
style,  — "  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  holding  by  authority  of  the  Rt. 
Hon.  Lord  Aberdour,  Grand  Master  of  Great  Britain,  will  cele- 
brate, etc.,  at  the  Royal  Exchange  Tavern." 

Candidates  came  forward  freely,  many  prominent  men  took  mem- 
bership ;  among  them  were  Joseph  Warren,  "  made  in  "  1761,  John 
Lowell,  Dr.  Jeffries,  the  elder  Andrew  Sigourney,  Bros.  Deshon, 
Carter,  Mayhew,  Danforth,  Paine,  and  other  leading  men  in  colony 
and  town  affairs.  A  set  of  by-laws  were  borrowed  from  Halifax, 
and  frequent  amendments  showed  a  rigid  scrutiny,  in  the  welfare 
and  decorum  of  the  Lodge.  We  cannot  be  indifferent  to  any- 
thing about  the  ways  and  means  of  these  manly  Masons,  to  set  up 
a  good  Lodge,  surrounded  as  they  were  by  unfriendly  brethren  who 
watched  with  jealous  eyes  every  movement  of  "  St.  Andrew's."  It 
must  l)c  borne  in  mind,  that  it  was  not  for  a  day,  or  occasion,  or 
single   issue,  our  predecessors    had    to    face    opposition  ;    but  the 


loo  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

settled,  radical  hostility  of  a  whole  Order,  outside  their  own  ranks  for 
half  a  century.  Alone  and  singular,  these  devoted  men  stood  to 
their  tenets  through  good  report  and  through  evil  report.  Wise 
and  wary  as  in  duty  bound,  they  husbanded  all  resources  and  made 
every  means  conspire  to  form  a  creditable  Society,  one  which 
should  attract  initiates,  and  win  and  keep  the  respect  of  all  high 
minded  Masons.  Nothing  was  left  at  loose  ends,  lax,  or  rusty:  In- 
deed, their  administration  of  affairs,  no  less  than  their  "  work," 
was  in  marked  contrast  to  everything  of  the  sort  about  them  in 
the  province.  The  number  of  members  was  early  limited  as  a  pre- 
cautionary step  ;  convivial  practices,  usual  at  that  age,  were  forbid- 
den by  "  St.  Andrew's  "  in  "  working  hours,"  —  promptness,  atten- 
tion, civility,  and  decorous  behavior,  were  secured  by  fines  and 
penalties,  which  were  rigidly  exacted.  Six  pence  for  tardiness,  two 
shillings  for  three  times  absence.  If  a  member  was  at  all  disguised 
by  the  "  good  cheer  "  of  the  times,  he  must  hold  his  peace  during 
the  session  ;  outside  in  his  daily  walk,  every  one  must  be  circum- 
spect, reticent  of  his  speech  on  Lodge  business  ;  must  not  keep 
company  with  clandestine  Masons.  Once  the  secretary  was  obliged 
to  apologize  for  doubtful  language  in  a  public  town  meeting,  touch- 
ing the  institution,  —  the  degrees  must  be  given  on  due  examina- 
tion, and  with  proper  lapses  of  time,  if  otherwise,  for  good  reason, 
the  candidate  must  pay  "the  reckoning."  Smoking  in  Mason's 
Hall  was  prohibited,  and  it  must  be  cleared  at  the  closing.  But  for 
all  this,  the  Lodge  was  made  inviting  and  generous  in  welcome. 
The  call  to  "  refreshment "  fully  met  all  the  need ;  the  "  closet 
stewards  "  were  important  functionaries,  who  added  to  their  "  skill 
in  the  craft,"  a  measure  of  skill  in  the  knowledge  of  this  world's 
good  things  ;  but  they  too  must  be  enjoined  to  duty ;  the  liquors 
were  to  be  good,  and  bountiful  in  supply.  Thus  kindly  cheer  pre- 
vailed, nature  got  a  pleasant  jog,  and  "  the  balance  was  always  kept 
right  adjusted."  Again,  the  treasure  chest  was  frugally  cared 
for.  If  the  fund  reached  £^12,  it  was  to  be  put  in  a  Province  note 
on  interest.  Above  all,  sweet  charity  hallowed  every  scene !  Scarce 
a  meeting  but   the   silent  vote   told   the  brother's  devotion  at  the 


CE  N  TE  NNI A  L     ME  MORI  A  L  . 


lOl 


precious  shrine,  and  when  the  Lodge's  purse  fell  below  the  mark, 
the  hat  went  around.  For  half  a  century,  —  ay,  till  the  far-see- 
ing forethought  of  this  able  ancestry  of  ours  had  placed  "  St, 
Andrew's "  full  handed  in  her  treasury,  this  time-honored  cus- 
tom, all  cocked  hat  and  leather  breeched,  anon  in  ruffle  shirt  and 
silver  buckles,  from  "  East  to  West  and  South,"  appeared  gath- 
ering in  its  harvest  of  blessed  tribute,  to  be  scattered  as  widely  to 
the  household  of  the  faithful  first,  and  next  beyond.  Then  the 
"  Stranger's  fund !  "     There  was  help  for  the  stranger  always. 

In  all  relations  "  St.  Andrew's  "  was  prompt,  efficient  and  pros- 
perous. Regular  correspondence  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scot- 
land was  kept  up;  this  was  continued  in  the  files  until  1809. 
Exact  direction  in  Masonic  matters  was  solicited,  and  responded 
to.  Li  1762,  Bro.  James  Logan  of  the  Falkirk  Lodge  who  had 
been,  from  the  commencement,  an  earnest  co-worker  in  behalf  of 
the  Lodge,  was  made  its  representative  in  Grand  Lodge.  At  a 
later  period,  the  Grand  Secretary  performed  this  office.  Brother 
Logan  was  presented  for  his  valuable  services,  with  two  nice  buck- 
skins for  gloves,  and  small  clothes.  The  gloves  he  gave  to  Brother 
Alexander  MacDougal  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  "  Ancient  Masonry  " 
became  popular,  and  the  brethren  began  to  consider  the  calls  for 
more  Lodges.  In  October  of  this  year  application  was  made  to 
Scotland  for  leave  to  confer  the  Royal  Arch  degrees  ;  also,  for 
Grand  Lodge  powers  in  order  to  form  more  Ancient  Lodges.  The 
following  year,  1763,  the  Lodge,  —  on  learning  that  Colonel  Young 
was  in  America,  with  a  commission  as  Provincial  Grand  Master,  — 
recalled  their  request. 

The  greatest  harmony  existed.  In  a  letter  to  Scotland  just  after 
the  purchase  of  the  "  Green  Dragon,"  they  say  "  We  have  the  most 
magnificent  Lodge  in  North  America,  and  the  most  numerous  in 
these  parts."  For  the  first  period  of  twenty  years,  the  books  show 
the  names  of  some  five  hundred  candidates,  a  greater  number  than 
for  the  next  similar  period. 

Again,  in  1766,  renewed  attempts  were  put  forth  for  some  sort 
of  fellowship,  with  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  and   its   affiliated  broth- 


I02  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

ren.  "  St.  Andrew's"  courteously  extended  civilities  by  the  hand  of 
s  its  members,  several  of  whom  were  men  of  the  highest  standing 
in  the  Province.  These  acts  only  again  encountered  indifference, 
capricious  conduct,  or  positive  rudeness.  But  "  St.  Andrew's " 
persisted  in  invitations  for  formal  visits,  and  by  well  directed  jDur- 
pose  towards  showing  the  Modern  Grand  Lodge,  its  own  continued 
upright  acts,  and  legal  authorization.  However  creditable  to  our 
predecessors  ;  the  narrative  detail  of  these  doings  would  be  gratui- 
tous now,  if  not  altogether  a  wearysome  exhibition  of  an  honest 
desire  for  "  a  happy  coalition,"  encountering  a  querulous  indiffer- 
ence ;  and  we  gladly  hail  the  more  promising  era  of  1767.  By  this 
time  then,  the  position  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  in  every  point  of  view 
had  become  so  firmly  established,  that  other  motives  besides  those 
cardinal  principles,  which  should  alone  have  actuated  the  "  Mod- 
erns," were  apparent  in  response  to  the  Lodge's  desire  for  peace 
and  reconciliation  ;  an  event  also  occurred  in  September  of  this 
year,  which  hastened  more  courteous  relations.  This  was  the  offer 
of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  to  join  the  Grand  Lodge  in  celebrating  the  ob- 
sequies of  their  late  M.  W.  Grand  Master,  Gridley,  which,  being 
unanimously  accepted,  became  the  occasion  of  an  interchange  of 
Masonic  courtesies  on  the  day  thereof  Not  long  after,  Richard 
Gridley  of  "  St.  John's  "  was  made  chairman  of  a  committee,  whose 
business  it  became  to  reconsider  the  denunciating  action  of  that 
Grand  body,  which  had  been  exhibited  in  January  of  this  year.  In 
May,  1768,  this  committee  submitted  their  report.  It  is  a  lengthy 
review  of  the  controversy,  winding  up  in  conclusion  with  this 
language :  — 

• 

"  That  inasmuch  as  the  brethren  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  have  resolved  to 
embrace  every  method  consistent  with  tlie  good  of  Masonry,  and  their  own 
honor,  to  promote  a  social  intercourse  with  persons  whom  they  so  highly 
esteem  as  brethren  and  friends,  we,  the  Grand  Lodge,  doubt  not  the  Lodges 
under  this  jurisdiction  will  ever  show  as  great  a  zeal  to  promote  love  and  friend- 
ship as  any  Lodge  whatever." 

The   subtle  vein   of  mockery  in   the  above  was  not  suffered  to 


CE  N  TE  NNIA  L    MEM  O  R  I A  L . 


•03 


hinder  any  longer,  proper  relations  between  the  bodies  ;  and  their 
intercouse  thereafter  assumed  a  different,  and  more  agreeable  foot- 
ing. Formal  visits  were  interchanged  ;  and  controversy  in  an 
obnoxious  sense  ceased.  But  there  came  to  pass  no  "  happy  coal- 
ition," and  presently  "  St.  Andrew's,"  with  the  highest  consideration 
for  its  own  welfare  and  the  general  good  of  its  Order,  took  meas- 
ures for  one  of  the  most  important  steps  in  its  own  history,  and  of 
Massachusetts  Masonry,  namely  :  —  the  erection  of  Grand  Lodge 
powers  in  the  interest  of  "  Ancient "  Free  and  Accepted  Masonry. 

The  successful  erection  of  a  second  Grand  Lodge  at  the  instance  of 
a  single  Lodge,  and  that  an  isolated  branch  of  the  colonial  Masonic 
Order,  was  not  only  in  itself  a  conspicuously  interesting  event,  but 
as  the  sequel  proved,  it  became  the  means  of  giving  force  and  un- 
broken continuity  to  Massachusetts  Masonic  jurisdiction.  All  this 
the  new  Grand  Lodge  did,  by  persevering  "  in  work"  through  the 
distractions  caused  by  the  American  Revolution,  and  the  political 
settlement  of  the  State  afterwards,  —  a  period  of  sixteen  years  ; 
during  which  time  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  virtually  held  their 
own  powers  in  abeyance.  In  this  place  a  sketch  only  can  be  made 
of  those  transactions,  as  follows  :  — 

The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  in  1768,  finding  that  a  coalition  of 
the  Masons  of  the  colony  could  not  be  accomplished,  and  that  the 
interests  of  "  Ancient "  Masonry  must  suffer  for  the  want  of  a 
superior  body,  joined  with  three  army  Lodges  in  a  petition  to  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  fjr  the  appointment  of  a  Provincial 
Grand  Master,  designating  for  that  office  their  own  Master,  Joseph 
Warren.  The  petition  was  granted.  The  commission  was  received 
the  19th  of  September,  1769;  it  was  brought  over  by  Capt.  L. 
Frazier,  who  was  thanked  by  vote  of  the  Lodge  for  his  great 
care  thereof  Bro.  Paul  Revere  was  directed  to  make  suitable 
jewels  for  the  Grand  officers,  at  the  expense  of  "  St.  Andrew's," 
and  on  the  ensuing  27th  of  December  Joseph  Warren  was 
inaugurated  and  saluted,  as  Grand  Master  in  Mason's  Hall,  Green 
Dragon  Tavern,  in  the  presence  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  and 
the  l^ritish  Regimental    Lodges   Nos.  14  and   29.     The   powers   of 


I04  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

this  Grand  Lodge,  styled  Provincial,  but  not  strictly  Provincial  in 
the  sense  of  that  term  as  used  in  Great  Britain,  —  gave  the  right  to 
establish  Lodges  ;  possessing  from  the  nature  of  the  case,  really  in- 
herent and  independent  Grand  Lodge  powers,  with  the  single 
exception  that  it  was  required  to  make  returns  of  charters  issued, 
but  paid  no  fees. 

In  March,  1772,  another  commission  made  Joseph  Warren,  Grand 
Master  of  Masons  for  the  whole  continent.  By  virtue  of  this  au- 
thority, in  1773,  he  appointed  Joseph  Webb,  Deputy  Grand  Master. 
On  the  17th  of  June,  of  memorable  memory.  Grand  Master  Warren 
fell  on  Bunker  Hill !  In  April,  1776,  his  remains  received  an  im- 
posingly solemn  burial  by  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge.  The  Hon. 
Perez  Morton,  a  distinguished  member  of  St.  Andrew's,  delivered 
an  oration  on  the  occasion  of  the  obsequies,  which  has  ever  been 
marked  for  its  eloquent  language,  and  dignity  of  sentiment 

It  is  not  surprising,  that  in  the  infancy  of  Masonic  jurisprudence, 
the  death  of  Warren  was  erroneously  deemed  to  have  terminated 
the  existence  of  this  Provincial  Grand  Lodge.  The  Lodge  of  St. 
Andrew  proposed  to  forward  an  application  for  a  new  appointment 
on  the  theory  that  Warren's  commission  died  with  him  ;  the  appli- 
cation was  sent  out.  Meanwhile,  the  importance  of  preserving 
Grand  Masonic  relations  ;  as  they  declared,  "  to  soften  the  rigors 
of  the  war  so  seriously  interrupted  by  the  siege  of  Boston,"  caused 
the  brethren  to  proceed  to  the  election  of  a  Grand  Master.  Con- 
sequently on  the  8th  of  March,  1777,  the  Deputy  Grand  Master 
Joseph  Webb  was  unanimously  elected  Grand  Master.  With  the 
exception  of  the  Master  of  St.  Peter's  Lodge,  Newburyport,  and  a 
Past  Master  of  Tyrian  Lodge,  Gloucester,  also  a.  member  of  "  St. 
Andrew's,"  all  the  brethren  who  made  this  election,  were  members 
of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew.  This  step,  at  the  time,  was  clearly 
Provisional,  and  without  any  declaration  whatsoever  ;  but  before 
the  close  of  the  century,  —  owing  to  the  progress  of  events,  —  this 
act  came  to  be  regarded,  by  this  Grand  Lodge,  —  or  by  a  few  dis- 
tinguished Masons  who  expressed  themselves  on  the  subject, — as 
a  Masonic  declaration  of  independence,  and  from  its  date,  as  being 


CE  NTE  NNIA  L     .)/  E  M  ORIAL. 


lo; 


the  earliest  similar  declaration  by  any  Grand  Lodge  of  America. 
It  will  be  necessary  however,  to  remark  in  this  regard,  again,  that 
the  body  who  elected  Grand  Master  Joseph  Webb  in  March,  1777, 
did  not  make  any  declaration  of  independence  ;  neither  could  it  be 
reasonably  supposed  that  it  contemplated  so  decisive  an  act  at  that 
moment,  for  this  reason,  to  wit :  the  brethren  who  made  that 
election  —  8th  of  March,  1777,  —  were  all  members  of  the  Lodge 
of  St.  Andrew,  with  the  exception  of  the  Master  of  "  St.  Peter's  ; " 
and  "St.  Andrew's,"  from  first  to  last,  or  until  the  year  1807,  posi- 
tively and  with  remarkable  persistency  refused  to  do  any  act  what- 
soever, tending  to  cut  clear  of  a  certain  Masonic  dependence  on 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  ;  farther  on  this  w'ill  appear  more 
unequivocally. 

In  this  condition,  the  "  Ancient "  Grand  Lodge  continued  in 
good  service,  uninterruptedly,  until  the  6th  of  December,  1782.  At 
this  time  the  Independence  of  the  United  States  being  considered 
secure,  the  "  body  "  reviewed  its  position,  and  after  serious  deliber- 
ation, decided  by  the  issue  of  a  famous  manifesto,  to  renounce 
allegiance  to  Scotland,  and  become  a  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge 
of  Ancient  Masons."  This  was  done  at  the  day  and  date  above 
given,  and  M.  W.  Bro.  John  Warren,  a  brother  of  the  first  Grand 
Master,  who  was  "made"  in  "  St.  Andrew's  "  April  18,  1777,  was 
chosen  Grand  Master.  Fifteen  days  after  the  making  of  the  mani- 
festo, in  a  reply  to  an  invitation  to  celebrate  the  approaching  St. 
John's  Festival,  "St.  Andrew's  Lodge"  declined,  by  a  vote  of  30  to 
19,  to  acknowledge  that  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  is  inde- 
pendent of  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge,  as  set  forth  in  the  aforesaid 
manifesto. 

Up  to  this  time,  the  exigency  of  the  war  and  the  absence  of  ad- 
vices from  Scotland,  induced  "  St.  Andrew's  "  silently  to  acquiesce 
in  all  suitable  measures  for  keeping  intact,  the  great  step  in  behalf 
of  "  Ancient  Masonry,"  wdiich  the  Lodge  alone  had  felicitously  in- 
augurated and  now  sustained  almost  singly  ;  but  at  the  idea  of 
utterly  drifting  away  from  the  pure  source  of  the  ancient  current  in 
Scotland,  it  hesitated.     Thus  the  saying  of  the  day,  "When  Mas.sa- 

14 


io6  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

chusetts  breaks  from  Scotland,  '  St.  Andrew '  Avill  break  from  her." 
Still,  there  was  a  radical  divergency  of  opinion  on  this  question  in 
the  Lodge,  and  it  resulted,  as  will  presently  appear,  in  a  vital  one. 
During  the  year  following,  1783,  the  Lodge  continued  to  send  up 
"  its  Master  and  Wardens  to  Grand  Lodge,  but  the  representation 
was  made  under  a  reservation.  This  year,  the  National  Peace  was 
declared,  on  which  event  the  Lodge  decided  to  discontinue  its  rep- 
resentation, and  give  notice  that  "  it  held  "  only  under  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland.  There  was  intense  excitement  on  this  ques- 
tion ;  the  determination  was  rampant  to  make  changes  in  harmony, 
if  not  in  compliment  to  the  new  order  of  things  in  the  young 
nation.     Again   the    subject  was    pressed    in    the  following  propo- 

,^  sition  :  "  Shall  the  Lodge  pass  under  the  jurisdiction  of  Massachu- 
setts Grand  Lodge,  or  remain  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  1 " 

"  By  vote,  Jan.  22,  1784,  of  29  to  23,  it  was  again  decided  to  hold 
only  by  the  Scotch  charter.  Absent  members  were  required  to 
vote,  and  thereby  this  majority  was  increased.  Bro.  Paul  Revere 
headed  the  minority  ;  he  demanded  a  hearing.  A  compromise  of 
opinion  undoubtedly  could  have  been  effected,  by  changing  the 
name  of  the  Lodge  to  that  of  "  The  Rising  States  Lodge,"  and  this 
was  once  actually  voted,  but  subsequently  reconsidered.  Bro. 
Revere  persisted,  and  a  painful  controversy  ensued,  which  was 
ended  by  the  retirement  of  twenty-three  members,  who  immediately 
started  a  "  Rising  States  Lodge,"  September  4,  1784,  chartered  by 
"  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,"  with  the  right  of  dating  from  No- 
vember 30,  1756.  "St.  Andrew's  "  was  sued  at  law  for  a  division 
of  its  funds,  and  by  the  arbitration  of  referees,  they  were  so  divided. 
But  this  defiance  of  Masonic  law  resulted  unhappily :  the  new 
Lodge  quarrelled  among  themselves,  making  a  sorry  figure  in  the 
Order,  and  in  1 8 1 1  it  dissolved.  We  may  be  permitted  to  utter 
this  reflection  on  these  untoward  transactions  of  "  St.  Andrew's  " 
men,  that  in  the  tumultuous  emotions  of  these  intensely  patriotic 
brethren,  it  is  not  altogether  surprising  that  the  gentle  whisperings 
of  Masonic  law  should  have  gone  unheeded. 

In  reviewing  these  important  proceedings   of  the  years  1782-5, 


CENTENNIAL     ME  MORI. I  L. 


107 


—  which  seriously  influenced  the  course  of  our  Lodge  for  a  quarter 
of  a  century  after,  —  historic  justice  requires  of  us  to  consider  the 
respective  positions  and  relations  of  the  new  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge  with  "  St.  Andrew's."  In  general,  then,  the  position  of  the 
Lodge  of  "St.  Andrew"  was  this:  the  Lodge  held,  that  indepen- 
dently of  all  questions  of  loyalty,  expediency,  or  other  considera- 
tions, that  Masonic  law  and  propriety  demanded,  after  the  death  of 
Grand  Master  Warren,  a  reference  to  Scotland  for  a  new  appoint- 
ment, or,  in  view  of  the  independence  of  the  colony,  a  reference  to 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  for  its  approval  of  the  act  of  declar- 
ing the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  an  independent  one.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  position  of  the  new  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  was 
this  ;  that  body  held  that  it  had  an  inherent  right  in  the  circum- 
stances under  which  it  found  itself  in  the  Revolution,  to  make  a 
declaration  of  its  own  independence.  This  body  claimed  that  the 
preservation  of  Ancient  Masonry  on  this  continent  required  such  a 
step  ;  moreover,  as  a  precedent,  the  Grand  Lodge  cited  the  suc- 
cessful erection  of  the  different  Grand  Lodges  in  Great  l^ritain  and 
Ireland,  affirming  "  that  it  was  clear  that  some  of  them  must  have 
originated  in  assumption."  In  a  full  and  very  able  report  of  a  com- 
mittee, on  which  Hon.  Perez  Morton  was  chairman,  this  position 
of  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  was  argued,  and  five  resolutions, — 
the  second  one  being  the  famous  manifesto  before  alluded  to,  —  em- 
bodied reasons  for  declaring  independence.  This  report  was  delib- 
erately considered,  "  paragraph  by  paragraph,"  on  Priday,  Dec.  6, 
1782,  and  adopted.  Thus  a  controversy  was  commenced  with  the 
Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  which  was  at  times  bitter,  and  always  ex- 
citing. It  lasted  till  the  23d  of  May,  1785,  when  by  a  formal  letter, 
"St.  Andrew's"  notified  the  Grand  Lodge  that  "it  declined  to 
entertain  further  the  subject  of  joining  the  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge,  and  would  neither  make  nor  receive  any  more  communica- 
tions upon  that  question. 

And  now,  "St.  Andrew's"  was  again  alone.  After  fifteen  years 
of  Grand  Lodge  affiliation,  she  was  forced  by  convictions  of  the 
same  high  sense  duty,  which  had   im])elled   her  to  seek   across   the 


I o8  CE N TE NNIA  L     MEMORIAL. 

ocean  for  a  purer  spring  of  Masonry  ;  she  was  forced,  I  say,  to 
cut  clear  from  those  fond  associations,  in  which  she  had  been  the 
prime  moving  master  spirit,  and  again  stand  out  an  isolated  Lodge. 
Thus  the  Lodge  proudly,  but  not  defiantly,  stood  for  a  quarter  of  a 
century  longer. 

This  absolute  severance  of  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  with  its 
affiliated  "  Ancient  Lodges,"  from  "  St.  Andrew's  ; "  the  violent 
separation  of  a  favorite  child  from  the  mother  who  had  borne  it, 
amid  struggles  and  trials,  from  weakness  to  assured  maturity  and 
strength  ;  at  the  moment,  too,  of  the  estrangement  of  half  her  own 
household,  was  a  crisis  indeed,  demanding  wisdom  and  the  firmest 
resolution  to  support.  But  these  bereavements,  with  its  attendant 
legacy  of  loss  of  a  moiety  of  its  funds,  and  ill  will,  was  far  from  all 
of  the  perplexity  which  was  imposed  in  1784,  upon  this  heroic 
Lodge.  The  pressure  upon  "  St.  Andrew's "  from  without  the 
Order  from  the  community  at  large,  was  potent.  A  prolonged 
national  contest,  which  had  worked  up  to  the  highest  pitch  every 
faculty  of  the  people,  had  been  brought  to  a  glorious  conclusion. 
An  intense  American  feeling,  mingled  with  hatred  of  everything 
British,  became  the  public  sentiment  of  the  hour.  A  positive  de- 
termination that  would  not  endure  debate,  to  affiliate  with  nothing 
whatever,  that  was  tinged  with  English  associations,  was  upper- 
most in  the  minds  of  the  people.  Such  feelings  pervaded  the 
smallest  matters.  The  names  of  buildings,  squares  and  streets 
'  and  societies,  even  of  persons,  were  changed.  A  universal  wish 
to  introduce  names  popularly  designative  and  dear  to  the  national 
heart,  was  loudly  demanded.  .  Lodges  new  and  old,  took  names 
indicative  of  the  altered  state  of-  things.  Pennsylvania  had  even 
proposed  a  United  States  General  Grand  Lodge,  with  Washington 
at  its  head;  —  a  project  which  "St.  Andrew's"  declined  unani- 
mously. It  was  not  surprising  therefore,  that  the  Masonic  Insti- 
tution, in  whose  bosom  was  a  large  proportion  of  the  leading 
actors  of  the  Revolution  of  i  TJ^,  should  feel  the  force  of  freedom's 
swelling  tide.  In  the  patriotic  claims  of  a  common  sentiment,  it 
is  not  difficult  to  imagine  that  zealous  brothers,  some- of  whom  had 


CENTE  NX  I A  L     ME  M  O  A'  1 A  L.  109 

been  doomed  as  martyrs  in   the  cause  of  a  peoi)le's   regeneration, 
did  stand  ready  to  blot   out    the  style  of  a  sing-le  Lodge,  ay,  its  ex- 
istence, rather  than  see  in  it,  a  perpetuation  of  the   least  memento 
of  allegiance  to  the  mother  country.     With  the  light  we  have  in  the 
glowing  blaze  of  national  success,  it  is  plain  what  we  should  have 
done  in  the  crisis.     But  we  are  to  remember  that  our  gallant  pred- 
ecessors  stood  in  a  lurid   light,  compared   to  that  vouchsafed  to  us. 
The  majority  of  the  Lodge,  headed  by  Bro.  Wm.   Burbeck, — 
who  had  been   Senior  Warden  of  the  first   Lodge  of  "  Moderns," 
in   Boston,  but  cjuit   it    preferring    to    cast    his    lot  with  "  Ancient 
St.   Andrew's,"  and  one  of  its  original  grantees, — stood  firm,  re- 
sisting   all    popular    innovations    upon    Masonry,    as    they    viewed 
them.     These  brethren  sympathized  in   patriotic   impulses,  no  less 
fervently  than  the  great  body  who  cut  loose  from  "  St.  Andrew's  ;  " 
but  besides  all  questions  of  the  assured  independence  of  the  coun- 
try ;  their  course  of  action  is  to  be  interpreted  by  two  main  consid- 
erations.      First,  —  the   "  Ancient  and  Modern  "    controversy,  was 
still   virulent  abroad,  and   in  an    uncertain    state    of  abeyance    at 
home  ;  in  their  minds   the  absolute  purity  of  Masonry  might  yet 
be  involved  in  the  issue  ;  whilst,  as  for  them  and  their  household, 
they  meant  to   stand   by  the   sure   "  landmarks,"   and  their  direct 
lineage  from  the  Grand  Lodge   in  Scotland.     This  secured  indis- 
putable integrity,  if  it  was  kept  uninterrupted.    Second, —  they  knew 
that  Freemasonry  was,  in  the  best  sense,  on  a  distinct  plane  from 
all  usual  societies  of  the  times,  and  if  such  an   Institution  was  suf- 
fered to  yield  to  popular  clamor  on  any  crisis,  however  momentous, 
or  commendatory  in    itself,  the  "Order"   might   again  and  again 
do  so,  when  weak  brethren  were  at  its  helm,  and  a  stormy  look  out 
impended.     Our  trusting  predecessors  felt  that  external  influences 
should  be  kept   aloof,  or  at   all   events   they  had   a   conviction   that 
the  eldest  human  society  had  no  safe  current   save  its  own,  in  the 
absence  of  emergency,  and   should  always  move  witli  deliberation. 
Then  too,  the  future  and   opportunity  were  before  them  ;   and  the 
record  shows  that  these  brethren  looked   forward  to  changes  under 
much  more  auspicious  circumstances.      It  was  iclicitously  providen- 


no  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

tial,  that  some  of  these  noble  members,  who  bore  without  faltering 
the  heat  and  burden  of  the  day  of  those  crises  in  "  St.  Andrew's," 
did  live  to  witness  its  thorough  consummation,  on  its  proper  merits 
in  due  form,  in  profound  peace,  when  Masonic  and  civil  discord 
were  hushed  by  the  free  will  and  accord  of  all  concerned. 

After  ten  years  of  vexatious  isolation,  another  crisis  came  on  the 
Lodge,  in  a  Masonic  measure  which,  with  the  light  that  we  now 
have,  must  be  pronounced  as  eminently  for  the  good  of  "  the 
Order."  The  United  States  grew ;  its  cardinal  theory  of  strength 
by  union  contained  something  real,  tangible  ;  its  very  idea  was  a 
charm  to  all  hearts  ;  its  bare  statement  served  as  a  powerful  argu- 
ment, and  "  St.  John's  "  with  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  made  a 
union  in  March,  1792,  forming  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Lodge 
of  Massachusetts  ;  a  venerable  body,  which  has  ever  deserved  and 
received  the  profound  and  universal  respect  of  the  fraternity  ;  a 
body  also,  which  in  its  full  official  title,  incorporates  in  graceful  an- 
nouncement, eternal  oblivion  to  the  old  time  "  Ancient  and  Modern  " 
disagreement. 

Again  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  stood  out.  The  time  had 
not  come  to  cut  clear  from  Scotland.  Reinforced  by  able  members 
who  were  in  full  sympathy  with  its  policy,  the  Lodge  refused  to 
have  anything  to  do  with  the  Grand  Body.  Whatever  may  be 
thought  of  the  expediency  of  such  refusal,  there  certainly  was  a  re- 
markable consistency  in  this  unwavering  attachment  to  the  Scotch 
charter,  with  the  prospect  of  being  left  alone  and  isolated  from  all 
other  subordinate  Lodges.  The  union  of  the  two  Grand  Lodges 
being  perfected,  with  the  almost  universal  acquiescence  of  the  whole 
fraternity  of  the  country,  the  new  body,  —  after  using  invitation  and 
persuasion  to  bring  to  pass  a  thorough  unity  of  sentiment  in  the 
Order,  —  at  once  took  stringent  measures,  which  bore  hard  upon 
"  St.  Andrew's  "  in  its  solitary  position.  Among  these  measures 
passed  by  the  influence  of  "  Massachusetts  "  and  in  pursuance  of 
the  resolve  in  1797  of  her  own  Grand  Lodge,  was  the  resolution  of 
Grand  Lodges  in  other  States  to  the  following  effect :  — 

"  All  Masons    under   our  jurisdiction   are   forbid    to  hold  correspondence  or 


CEXTEXXTAL     MEMORIAL. 


1 1 1 


cc^mmunication  \vith  any  Mason  or  Masons,  citizens  of  tlie  United  States,  wlio 
liold  authority  under,  or  acknowledge  the  supremacy  of  any  foreign  Grand 
Lodge,  or  who  do  not  b}'  their  representatives  communicate  and  pay  their  dues 
to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  where  they  reside." 

Thus  stigmatized,  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  pursued  its 
career,  husbanding  its  resources,  punctilious,  faithful  and  courteous 
in  all  its  acts.  As  time  passed  on,  a  certain  respect  for  the  firm- 
ness to  principle  which  the  Lodge  exhibited  in  the  very  tenacity  of 
its  loyalty  to  "  Scotland,"  was  the  means  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  being 
permitted  to  share  with  the  Order  at  large  in  occasional  Masonic 
civilities.  The  personal  weight  of  character  also  of  the  members, 
prevented  such  utter  ignoring  of  the  Lodge,  as  the  policy  of  the 
Grand  Lodge  contemplated. 

Let  us  now,  for  a  moment,  relieve  this  narrative  of  a  quarter  of  a 
century  of  isolation,  by  recounting  some  of  the  trophies  which  have 
given  a  special  renown  to  "  St.  Andrew's."  I  refer  to  the  course  of 
the  Lodge,  and  of  the  course  of  its  members  as  patriots. 

In  the  "American  Revolution"  the  scenes  in  Mason's  Hall,  like 
those  of  Faneuil  Hall,  have  becom.e  historical.  With  one  or  two 
exceptions  the  members  were  all  zealous  partisans  in  the  patriotic 
cause.  During  the  siege  of  Boston  the  Lodge  was  closed,  and  the 
building  was  used  as  a  hospital,  and  for  the  benefit  of  the  poor.  But 
after  the  British  were  driven  out,  the  Lodge  meetings  were  large 
and  enthusiastic.  On  one  night  in  December,  1777,  there  were 
thirty-five  visitors  present,  and  twenty-nine  names  were  presented 
for  membership.  In  tact,  it  is  pertinent  to  remark  here,  that  the 
Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  performed  a  conspicuous  and  a  very  essential 
part  in  carrying  the  Masonic  Institution  through  these  eight 
years  of  war.  The  (irand  Lodge  itself  was  almost  a  duplication 
of  "  St.  Andrew's."  Yox  several  years  prior  to  the  Declaration  of 
Independence,  covering  all  tlie  period  when  this  most  memorable 
event  since  the  Christian  era  was  conceived  and  matured,  it 
Faneuil  Hall  was  the  "Cradle  of  Liberty,"  then  tlic  "Green 
Dragon"  held  the  nin-sini'-  arms  of  those  who  certainlv  londled  the 


112  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

V  lusty  child  of  76.  "St.  Andrew's,"  was  a  North  End  Lodge,  and  its 
Masonic  "  work  "  constantly  alternated  with  the  secret  meetings  of 
those   ardent   patriots   who   controlled  all  the  early  revolutionary 

^  movements.  The  men  were  the  same  in  both.  The  walls  of  the 
old  "  Green  Dragon  "  offered  for  the  service  of  the  country,  em- 
braced the  asylum  of  those  noble  hearts  which  sternest  beat  in 
response  to  the  demand  of  the  hour.  It  is  impossible  to  separate 
the  Lodge  from  the  fullest  accord  in  the  entire  struggle.  Enough 
for  the  institution,  that  in  making  such  men  good  Masons,  it  made 
them  also  trusty  patriots,  giving  them  one  and  all  a  common  tie, 
which  in  the  hour  of  peril,  inspired  them  with  the  firmest  mutual 
confidence,  for  their  own  protection,  to  the  end  at  last  of  the 
nation's  independence.  The  roll  of  members  and  of  visitors  in- 
creased in  an  unexampled  manner  ;  an  act  of  incorporation  was 
voted  for  ;  officers  of  the  army  who  were  Masons,  —  as  nearly  all 
were,  —  had  invitations  to  visit  constantly.  Major-Gen.  Lincoln  was 
complimented  with  the  degrees  without  fees  ;  his  "  St.  Andrew's  " 
diploma  is  still  kept  by  his  family  as  a  memento  of  the  period.  Com- 
mittees were  raised  to  look  after  prisoners  of  war  and  distressed 
foreis'n  brothers.  On  one  occasion  four  Dutch  masons  who  had 
been  stripped  by  a  captain  at  sea,  were  brought  to  the  Hall,  and  the 
Lodge  gave  vent  to  its  patriotic  impulses  by  voting  relief  to 
brethren  who  had  been  "robbed  by  one  of  Tyrant  George's  frigates." 
The  secretary  responds  to  the  scenes  he  witnesses  by  writing  at 
the  foot  of  his  records,  "  God  save  the  country,"  again,  "  God  save 
the  Lodge."     In   the  winter  of  1777  the   distress    in   Boston  was 

""  great,  and  at  one  time  the  members  voted  j[^2^o,  for  general  relief. 
The  Overseers  of  the  Poor  officially  returned  thanks  to  "  St.  An- 
drew's" for  this  timely  charity.  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  in 
the  same  way  thanked  the  Lodge  for  "  attention  and  kind  offices  to 

^British  brothers,  prisoners  of  war."  Your  files  are  replete  with 
evidences  of  the  unremitting  care  for  individual  distress  during  the 
Revolution.  But  after  all,  the  "  Green  Dragon  "  is  a  national  land- 
mark of  the  great  struggle  ;  what  was  done  there,  and  the  men  who 
did  it,  is  a  part  of  history,  we  must  not  wholly  appropriate  the  fame. 


C  E  N  TE  NNI A  L     M  E  .IfOR  /  A  1. 


1 1 


I  cannot  forbear  however,  to  quote  from  the  records  of  the  Lodge, 
an  incident  illustrating  the  part  which  "  St.  Andrew's  "  men  took 
in  the  boldest  private  deed  of  revolutionary  annals,  one  too,  which 
has  rung  round  the  world. 

Col.  Henry  Purkett,  a  revolutionary  officer  and  an  honored  mem- 
ber of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  —  whom  some  of  us  can  remember  in  his  se?t 
in  this  Lodge,  —  was  one  of  the  "Indians"  who  threw  the  British 
East  India  Company's  Tea  overboard  on  the  memorable  night  of 
Dec.  i6,  1773.  Our  brother  the  Colonel,  by  what  he  used  to  say 
to  us,  as  well  as  by  what  he  did  not  say,  declared  that  the  "  Boston 
Tea  Party "  was  got  up  at  the  "  Green  Dragon  Tavern,"  and  in 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge.  Paul  Revere  was  a  leader  in  the  party, 
and  at  this  time  he  was  influential  in  the  order.  The  records  of 
course  are  Masonically  silent  ;  but  their  very  silence  speak  with 
no  uncertain  sound,  as  follows  :  — 

The  30th  of  November,  Saint  Andrew's  night,  was  the  occasion 
of  the  annual  election  of  Lodge  officers,  uniformly  with  full  attend- 
ance ;  on  this  election  night  previous  to  the  i6th  of  Dec.  1773, 
there  were  but  seven  members  present !  The  ceremonies  were 
passed,  but  the  secretary  closes  his  record  thus  :  "  N.  B. —  Con- 
signees of  Tea  took  up  the  brethren's  time."  On  the  2d  of  Dec. 
the  Lodge  met  and  chose  its  officers,  John  Lowell,  Master ;  on  the 
9th  another  meeting  ;  nothing  unusual  then.  But  on  the  i6th,  the 
memorable  night,  the  Lodge  met  again,  with  only  five  present  !  and 
the  secretary  finishes  up  :  no  record  at  all,  in  fact ;  by  a  significant 
flourish,  such  as  never  before  or  since,  set  oft^  the  decorous  record 
of  "  St.  Andrew's."  Now,  with  Bro.  Purkett's  testimony  and  our 
own  records,  we  will  leave  the  whereabouts  of  our  members  to  a 
jury  composed  of  all  their  countrymen. 

To  resume  ;  notwithstanding  the  peculiar  attitude  of  the  Lodge 
of  St.  Andrew  between  the  years  1782  and  1 809,  a  certain  pres- 
tige hung  over  the  stout-hearted  Lodge,  that  went  far  towards 
softening  the  resentment  which  Masons  were  obliged  officially  to 
entertain  for  a  single  body  who  held  out  against  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Ma.ssachusetts,  and   who  would    not   embrace  the  popular  senti- 

15 


114 


/  CE  N TE NNIA  L     M E M ORIA  L 


ment  for  union  and  Masonic  nationality.  Expressions  of  regret 
began  to  take  the  place  of  sweeping  condemnation,  and  "  St. 
Andrew's  "  was  looked  upon  as  a  prostrate  column,  or  as  a  child 
without  a  parent,  or  with  a  parent  too  distant  for  any  good,  while 
here  was  one  at  home  ready  and  anxious  to  adopt.     Near  one  hun- 

■  dred  Lodges  belonged  in  the  Commonwealth,  and  with  "  St.  An- 
drew's "  the  Masonic  edifice  would  be  perfected.  Here  and  there  a 
friendly  greeting  from  distant  Lodges,  who  had  some  old  associa- 
tion with  the  earliest  "  Ancient  Lodge,"  would  be  received,  always 
ure^ins:  union.  The  town  of  Boston  was  now  united  to  Charlestown 
by  a  bridge.  The  brethren  on  the  other  side  of  the  river  were  no 
more  to  be  styled  "  sea-faring,"  as  of  yore,  and  "  King  Solomon's 
Lodge "  ventured  to  make  "St.  Andrew's"  a  friendly  call  in  full 
regalia.  The  Grand  Lodge  itself  held  out  the  "olive  branch"  by 
bringing  forward   an  article  in   its  Constitution,  whereby  a  Lodge 

"^holding  under  a  foreign  jurisdiction  could  "come  in,"  preserving  its 
charter,  and  its  rank  by  date. 

The  death  of  Washington  too,  at  the  close  of  the  century,  filling 
all  hearts  with  sorrow,  united  the  entire  brotherhood  in  one  com- 
mon bond  of  sympathy.  On  this  event  "  St.  Andrew's,"  with  other 
Lodges,  was  draped  in  mourning,  and  its  members  responded  with 
their  brethren  at  large,  in  every  testimonial  of  Masonic  respect, 
which  was  prompted  by  the  sad  occasion.  In  short,  opportunities 
were  made  propitious,  and  all  things  gradually  conspired  to  the 
union  of  this  last  Lodge  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts. 
In  June,  1798,  the  Lodge  was  specially  convened  to  consider 
Masonic  relations,  and  it  was  decided  19  to  8,  to  address  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland  on  the  question  of  "  St.  Andrew's "  passing 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  Massachusetts.  A  committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  write  that  Grand  Lodge.     In   December,   1799,  the  an- 

s  swer  from  Scotland  was  received.  In  this,  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge 
kindly  acknowledge  their  relation,  but  substantially  leave  untouched 
any  decision  in  regard  to  what  "  St.  Andrew's  "  ought  to  do.  The 
.Grand  Secretary  however,  remarks,  "  that  inasmuch  as  the  Massa- 
chusetts Grand  Lodge  has   not   been   recognized   by  "either    of  the 


CENT  E  A  X 1  A  L     J/  E  J/  O  R I A  L 


1 1 


Grand  Lodges  in  Great  Britain,  "  St.  Andrew's"  is  not  bound  to  con- 
sider them  as  entitled  to  the  character  oi'  a  Grand  Body."  On  the 
9th  of  Dec.  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  itself,  sent  a  com- 
mittee to  confer  with  the  Lodge  on  the  subject  of  union.  On  the 
19th  this  conference  was  committed  to  select  committee,  and  at  a 
special  Lodge  on  the  lOth  of  Feb.  1800,  they  report  that  thev  are 
equally  divided  in  opinion  as  to  what  course  to  advise  the  Lodge. 
Whereupon  an  attempt  was  made  to  send  a  new  committee  to  con- 
fer with  the  conference  committee  of  Grand  Lodge.  This  was 
negatived  by  a  vote  of  21  to  6.  It  was  then  decided  that  the  secre- 
tary should  send  a  letter  to  Grand  Lodge  explaining  to  that  body 
the  feelings  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  in  regard  to  the  proposed  conference 
for  union.  The  secretary  at  once  submitted  the  following  :  "  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge,  after  having  been  recently  acknowledged  by  their 
parent,  cannot  with  justice  to  themselves  renounce  their  allegi- 
ance, nor  do  they  feel  that  any  Grand  Lodge  could  receive  them 
under  its  jurisdiction,  without  dishonoring  themselves  by  such  a 
reception."  But  this  letter  goes  on  to  say,  that  "  should  any  occur- 
rence take  place  that  we  can  with  honor  embrace,  and  that  will 
justify  us  as  a  Lodge  in  acknowledging  your  jurisdiction,  we  shall  not 
hesitate  a  moment,  being  fully  convinced  from  experience,  that  we 
should  thereby  be  relieved  from  much  anxiety  and  trouble." 

The  subject  so  far  as  any  oi^cial  act  of  "  St.  Andrew's "  was 
taken,  —  save  by  incidental  discussion  in  1 803,  -4,-5,  —  was  heard 
of  no  more  until  the  fall  of  1807  ;  meanwhile,  there  was  an  ex- 
cellent feeling  of  cordiality  constantly  growing  up  between  the 
parties.  The  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  phantom  had  vanished  ;  the 
lingering  sentiment  of  Masonic  fealty  to  Scotland  alone,  was  in  the 
way.  In  April,  1804,  a  delegation  from  "  Mt.  Lebanon  Lodge," 
and  in  the  name  of  that  respected  body,  formally  visited  "  St.  An- 
drew's," and  in  a  very  delicately  courteous  manner  expressed  a  desire 
for  mutual  intercourse  between  the  brethren.  The  members  ot 
"St.  Andrew's"  heartily  embraced  the  delegation,  and  instantly 
api)ointed  five  of  their  prominent  associates  to  return  the  visit.  "  St. 
John's  "  also   visited   official!}-.     At    length,    in    October,    1807,  the 


ii6  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

great  measure  was  again  brought  forward.  A  very  able  committee 
was  formed,  with  Andrew  Sigourney  chairman,  to  whom  was  en- 
trusted the  subject  of  a  thorough  examination  of  the  financial  and 
Masonic  relations  of  the  Lodge  with  the  Scotch  Grand  Lodge,  and 
it  was  also  their  duty  to  review  the  action  which  had  taken  place 
between  "  St.  Andrew's  "  and  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  in 
committee  and  otherwise,  on  the  whole  matter  of  the  proposed 
union,  then  to  report  in  full,  with  such  recommendations  as  they 
should  see  fit.  Prior  to  the  annual  meeting  in  November,  this 
committee  presented  their  report  in  writing  to  the  Master.  It  is  a 
long,  admirable,  and  explicit  statement  of  the  whole  subject  matter, 
containing  also  an  account  current  of  the  work  of  the  Lodge,  with 
reference  to  an  adjustment  in  full  of  the  "  dues "  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland.  There  is  no  mention,  however,  of  the  reasons 
which  stood  in  the  way  of  an  earlier  conclusion  on  the  question  of 
the  union.     The  report  closes  as  follows  :  — 

"  Your  committee  are  therefore  of  opinion  that  the  full  sum  due  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland  be  remitted  ;  and  that  if  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  can  be  re- 
ceived under  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  with  honor  to  themselves  and 
the  said  Grand  Lodge  ;  then  that  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  be  requested  to 
give  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  an  honorable  dismission,  and  discharge  them  from 
being  any  longer  their  subjects.  Your  committee,  conceiving  that  it  would  tend 
much  to  the  honor,  increase,  and  prosperity  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  could  they 
have  a  head  with  whom  they  could  often  and  freely  communicate,  and  to  obtain 
this  object,  your  committee  are  of  opinion  that  a  committee  should  be  appointed 
to  confer  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  to  know  in  what  manner, 
and  on  what  terms,  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  would  be  received  by  them,  and  to  con- 
sult on  the  best  method  to  be  pursued  to  obtain  an  honorable  discharge  from 
one,  and  reception  by  the  other." 

At  the  annual  meeting,  Nov.  30th-,  the  Lodge  accepted  this  re- 
port, and  voted  to  remit  its  dues  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland, 
also  to  request  a  discharge,  and  to  communicate  with  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Massachusetts  to  this  effect.  On  the  5th  of  December 
the  committee  of  the  two  bodies  met  in  conference  ;  at  which  a  full 


C  E  N  TE  NNI A  L     ME  M  O  R I A  L.  117 

understanding  having  been  arrived  at,  Brother  EHsha  Sigourney, 
in  behah'  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  officially  accepted  the  proposal  for  a 
union,  after  the  necessary  advices  should  have  been  received  from 
Scotland.     This  action  was  done  the  15th  of  December,  1807. 

In  the  meantime,  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  at  a  special  meeting  Sept. 
7,  1809,  having  obtained  an  honorable  discharge  from  its  Honored 
Scotch  Parent  by  remittance  in  full  of  ^90,  for  all  its  dues,  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  attend  a  Communication  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  to  be  held  on  the  i  ith  instant,  and  iiiform 
them  "  that,  at  the  annual  meeting  of  Grand  Lodge,  '  St.  An- 
drew's '  will  become  one  of  its  members,  agreeably  to  the  Com- 
munication made  in  December,  1807."  Accordingly,  on  the  nth 
of  September,  the  committee  was  most  cordially  .received  by  the 
Grand  Lodge  and  assured  that  "  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachuetts, 
with  the  most  heartfelt  satisfaction,  anticipated  the  happy  and 
pleasurable  consequences  of  this  union,  and  promise  a  paternal  re- 
gard to  the  integrity  of  '  St.  Andrew's.'  "  The  committee  were  then 
invited  to  seats,  and  "  to  participate  in  the  festivities  of  the  oc- 
casion." Nothing  now  remained  but  to  perfect  the  official  acts 
which  must  accompany  the  change  of  jurisdiction,  and  both  parties 
awaited  with  becoming  impatience,  for  the  felicitous  consummation. 
The  nth  of  December,  1809,  came,  and  the  Master  and  Wardens 
had  taken  seats  in  Grand  Lodge,  when  the  Grand  Marshal  in- 
formed the  M.  W.  Grand  Master  that  "  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  had 
taken  seats  for  the  first  time  as  a  member  of  Grand  Lodge,  and  it 
was  probable  that  the  Worshipful  Master  had  some  communication 
to  make."  W^hereupon  the  Master  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  arose  and  ad- 
dressed the  Grand  Lodge  in  an  eloquent  speech,  to  which  the  Grand 
Master,  grasping  the  hand  of  the  Master,  responded  with  a  hearty 
fraternal  welcome  ;  thereupon  directing  the  Charter  of  the  Lodge 
t(j  be  countersigned  and  recorded.  The  annual  election  then  pro- 
ceeded, when  it  appeared  that  a  member  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  —  An- 
drew Sigourney, — had  been  unanimously  elected  Grand  Treasurer, 
a  mark  of  high  respect  to  this  Lodge. 

The  beautiful   ceremonies,   attending  the   cement  of  the  last  link 


n  8  CENTE  NNI A  L    M  E  M  O  R I A  L . 

in  the  bright  Masonic  chain  of  Massachusetts  was  not  yet  finished  ; 
nor  the  season  of  official  rejoicing  over.  On  the  ensuing  12th  of 
April,  the  M.  W.  Grand  Master,  with  all  the  other  Grand  officers, 
visited  "  St.  Andrew's  "  at  "  The  Green  Dragon,"  and  here  in  the 
ancient  historic  hall,  the  supreme  dignity  of  Grand  Lodge,  and  high 
Masonic  etiquette,  gracefully  yielded  to  the  emotions  which  filled 
all  present,  for  a  hallowed  moment  of  most  hearty  fraternal  love, 
brother  to  brother.  The  addresses  on  this  grand  occasion  were 
admirable  and  replete  with  sentiments  of  reciprocal  regard  and 
satisfaction.  True  Masonic  hospitality  chastening  a  scene  that 
testified  to  complete  Masonic  harmony  in  Massachusetts,  after 
nearly  three  quarters  of  a  century  of  discord. 

We  must  not  linger  on  this  pleasant  memory.  The  glistening 
eye  of  our  honored  brother  yonder,  tells  us  better  than  any  word.s' 
of  mine  can  do,  how  at  this  bare  recital,  there  wells  up  in  his 
bosom,  grand  emotions  at  the  remembrance  of  that  scene  in 
which  he,  forty-seven  years  ago,  then  Junior  .Warden  of  "  St. 
Andrew's,"  bore  his  full  share. 

Brethren  of  "  St.  Andrew's : "  we  need  not  review  this  long 
narrative  of  progress  to  the  point,  when  our  Lodge  first  hailed,  as 
its  adopted  parent,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  ;  that  period 
of  more  than  half  a  century  of  a  Lodge  Militant,  those  oft  recurring 
crises,  those  manly  spirits  who  so  bravely  pressed  onward  under 
the  sole  support  of  honest  convictions.  You  cannot  forget  them. 
No  !  It  is  past,  without  one  stain  of  reproach  on  "  St.  Andrew's," 
and  we  are  the  gainers,  just  as  our  successors  shall  be  gainers,  if 
we,  in  the  face  of  prosperity,  are  as  faithful  as  those  predecessors 
were  in  adversity. 

And  now,  to  look  beyond  the  historical  sequence  of  events, 
which  at  last  culminated  so  felicitously ;  let  us  see  what  was  the 
prime  cause  of  the  persistent  action  of  our  early  members  ;  what 
great  motive  underlied  the  steady  reluctance  to  enrol  "  St.  An- 
drew's "  at  once,  as  other  Lodges  did  themselves  after  the  Revo- 
lution, under  a  jurisdiction  here  at   home.     At  an   early  period,  as 


CENTENNTAL     ME^[0  R lA  L. 


119 


we  have  seen,  the  "  Ancient  and  Modern "  Masonic  issue  was  a 
sufficient  motive  ;  but  as  time  wore  on,  this  gave  way  before  the 
good  sense  of  the  "  Order  "  in  America,  and  died  out  making  "  no 
sign."  We  are  therefore,  left  to  declare  that  it  was  the  Charter, 
possessed  by  the  Lodge  which  really  made  this  distinguishing  fea- 
ture of  its  policy,  becoming  at  last  the  sole  cause  of  its  long  isola- 
tion. Let  us  then  devote  a  little  space  to  the  jealous  regard  and 
watchfulness  of  this  Scotch  Charter. 

A.  D.  1760,  the  Charter  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  first  comes 
to  view,  in  presentation  to  the  Grand  Master  of  "  St.  John's."  He 
admits  its  legality,  but  declines  to  recognize  the  grantees  as  regu- 
lar Masons.  These  grantees,  finding  that  no  "  happy  coalition " 
was  likely  to  take  place  with  the  fraternity  of  the  colony,  at  once 
fell  back  upon  this  piece  of  parchment  which  empowered  them  to 
work.  In  1768,  one  of  these  grantees  on  retiring  from  the  chair 
of  the  Lodge,  retained  the  Charter  in  his  own  hands.  In  1771,  the 
Lodge  made  a  demand  for  it  ;  Bro.  Burbeck  refused  this  demand. 
The  majority  of  the  Lodge  must  have  silently  acquiesced  in  its 
secretion,  for  at  the  next  election,  he  was  invited  to  serve  again  as 
Master,  but  would  not  accept.  In  1773,  a  formal  vote  was  passed, 
requiring  the  Wardens  to  ask  for  the  Charter.  To  this  brother 
Burbeck  gave  no  answ^er.  Thereupon,  a  dispensation  was  asked 
of  the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  until  a  copy  could  be  got  from 
Scotland.  The  dispensation  was  granted.  The  Lodge  then  voted 
to  send  out  for  a  copy  of  the  Charter,  but  this  does  not  appear  to 
have  been  done  ;  at  any  rate,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  took 
no  action.  In  1776,  another  demand  was  made  with  the  same 
refusal.  Repeated  attempts  followed,  to  suspend  brother  Burbeck, 
In  1785,  this  brother  died.  On  his  death  bed,  with  a  solemn  in- 
junction he  confided  the  Charter  to  brothers  Jas.  Carter,  Master, 
and  Klisha  Sigourney,  a  Warden  of  "  St.  Andrew's."  These 
brethren  made  this  known  to  the  Lcxlge,  and  b\  its  vote,  they 
were  requested  to  retain  it  till  further  orders.  In  1789,  brother 
Sigourney  was  "  requested  to  lay  the  Charter  on  the  table  each 
Lodge  night  ;"  the  .Secretar\-  was  directed  to  read  it  at  tlic  annual 


1 20  CE  NTE  NNIA  L    M  E  M  O  RIAL. 

meeting,  to  hav^e  it  transcribed  in  the  Records,  and  a  notarial  copy 
made  in  due  form.  In  1790,  the  "  Royal  Arch  Lodge,"  was  "in- 
dulged with  the  use  of '  St.  Andrew's '  Charter,  so  long  as  a  major- 
ity of  its  members  were  also  members  of  this  Lodge."  The  next 
year  after  the  formation  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  the 
validity  of  the  Charter  was  fully  discussed  in  the  Lodge,  and  it 
was  voted  to  be  good,  and  letters  were  sent  to  Scotland  asking 
the  approbation  of  the  Scotch  Grand  Body,  in  all  proceedings. 
Six  years  passed  without  a  reply,  —  a  season  of  unusual  perplexity 
to  our  members,  —  finally  in  1799  an  answer  came  fully  confirm- 
ing the  Charter,  and  the  course  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  with  many 
expressions  of  regard.  The  preservation  of  the  parchment  contin- 
ued to  cause  anxious  solicitude.  In  1804  on  one  occasion,  it  was 
not  forthcoming,  and  a  committee  was  sent  out  to  bring  it  in. 
Again,  it  was  absent ;  but  on  discussion,  the  Lodge  concluded 
to  wait  for  brother  Sigourney,  and  subseciuently  by  vote,  this  ex- 
cellent brother  was  made  responsible  for  the  safety  of  the  Charter. 
At  last,  December  14  1809,  three  days  after  St.  Andrew's  Lodge 
had  taken  its  seat  as  a  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachu- 
setts, brother  Elisha  Sigourney  arose,  and  thus  addressed  the 
Worshipful  Master  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge:  — 

"  Having  received  tliis  Charter  from  the  Right  Worshipful  brother  William 
Burbeck  on  his  death-bed,  under  a  solemn  injunction  never  to  give  it  up  until 
the  difficulty,  which  then  existed  between  the  Grand  Lodge  and  "  St.  Andrew's," 
should  be  settled,  which  change  has  been  approved  by  this  Lodge,  and  that 
happy  time  now  having  arived,  I  with  pleasure  divest  myself  of  the  trust  reposed 
in  me,  and  in  the  presence  of  the  Lodge  commit  this  Charter  to  the  R.  W.  Mas- 
ter, whose  rightful  privilege  it  is  to  take  charge  thereof" 

The  Charter  was  again  recorded,  and  it  has  ever  since  occupied 
its  appropriate  place  in  the  archives  of  "  St.  Andrews." 

The  written  records  of  these  proceedings,  running  through  a 
period  of  over  forty  years,  are  interesting,  but  I  am  of  the  opinion 
that  the  unwritten  record  concerning  this  Charter,  which  was  se- 
curely   kept,  would    possess  a  deeper  interest    to    us.     The   whole 


C  E  N  TE  XXI A  L     M  EM  O  R  I AL  .  121 

story  can  never   be   told  ;  but  with   the   lielp   of  tradition,  through 
old  members,  the  following  conclusion,  I  think,  is  to  be  gathered  : 

Brother  Burbeck  was  made  in,  and  became  Senior  Warden  of 
the  First  Lodge  in  Boston  ;  but  withdrew,  preferring  to  pursue  his 
Masonic  career  with  "  Ancient  St.  Andrew's."  He  was  an  earnest 
man  of  positive  opinions.  Now  at  the  time  of  his  seizing  this 
Charter,  he  was  the  only  active  member,  if  not  the  only  one  alive, 
who  was  named  in  its  grant.  With  Burbeck's  Masonic  intelligence, 
identification  with  "  St.  Andrew's,"  and  great  services,  this  Charter 
grew  to  be  of  marked  value  in  his  eyes.  He  saw  too,  from  the 
time  of  the  erection  of  the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  a  constant  un- 
easiness on  the  part  of  Paul  Revere  and  a  number  of  his  friends 
in  the  Lodge,  violently  to  cut  clear  of  Scotland  and  every  British 
association.  Burbeck  was  not  without  the  secret  acquiesence  of 
the  majority,  in  the  step  he  took.  As  the  feeling  waxtd  hotter,  he 
placed  the  charter  under  the  guns  of  the  fort  in  Boston  Harbor, 
where  he  was  stationed  as  an  officer.  Time  passed.  It  was  not 
policy  for  the  majority  of  the  Lodge  to  refuse  utterly  the  call  for 
the  Charter  by  the  minority  ;  but  they  trusted  in  Burbeck's  determi- 
nation. The  revolution  was  a  severe  ordeal  for  the  Lodge  ;  Revere 
became  rampant  to  blot  out  the  Scotch  parchment,  and  the  Lodge 
jewels  and  papers  had  to  be  guarded,  —  even  secreted.  Burbeck 
was  loyal  to  his  country,  but  he  held  on  to  the  Charter.  The 
Lodge  tried  suspension,  then  voted  him  back  conditionally  ;  he  got 
back  without  conditions.  The  grand  projects  of  the  times  found 
him  resolute.  The  minority  of  the  Lodge  withdrew  membership  ; 
the  "  Rising  States  "  began  its  prurient  career,  "  St.  Andrew's"  with- 
stood the  internal,  as  it  had  the  external  storm.  The  new  Lodge 
became  vindictive,  unscrupulously  hostile  to  "  St.  Andrew's "  al- 
ways,—  even  to  the  moment  of  the  full  accomplishment  of  union 
in  1809,  when  the  "Rising  States"  dissolved,  under  stern  rebuke 
of  all  Masons,  and  under  the  breath  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  in  Grand 
Lodge.  But  to  return  to  Bro.  Burbeck:  —  in  1783  he  saw  that  be- 
tween the  claims  for  absolute  independence  in  all  possible  things, 
the  probable  union  of  the  two  Grand  Lodges,  and   the   lurking  rc- 


122  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

mains  of  the  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  controversy  besides  ;  Burbeck 
saw  that  harm  might  yet  befall  his  beloved  Lodge  if  its  Charter  was 
not  preserved,  and  he  with  his  friends  were  still  steadfast.  In 
1785  Bro.  Burbeck,  admonished  by  his  infirmities  that  he  must 
shortly  render  up  earthly  trusts,  called  to  his  death-bed  his  firm 
friend  and  coadjutor,  Bro.  Elisha  Sigourney,  and  handing  to  him  a 
munificent  donation  "  for  the  relief  of  indigent  brethren  and  their 
widows,"  all  of  which  he  did  in  the  name  of  an  unknown  friend  ;  he 
placed  the  Charter  in  Sigourney's  hands,  under  the  same  pledge,  as 
he  declared  to  keep  it  sacredly  as  he  had  done.  The  sequel  in 
1 809,  by  Bro.  Sigourney,  has  already  been  given. 

This  Charter  is  believed  to  be  the  only  one  now  in  existence  from 
a  similar  source,  in  the  United  States.  In  Canada  there  are  Lodges 
with  Charters  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland.  It  is  the  oldest 
Charter  in  the  jurisdiction  of  Massachusetts.  But  it  is  not  from 
these  facts,  nor  from  the  special  incidents  touching  its  preservation, 
that  we  should  alone  esteem  it.  If  I  have  not  utterly  failed  in  my 
endeavor,  you  will  have  gathered  enough  of  the  course  of  our  Insti- 
tution to  discover  that  while  Freemasonry  does  not  change,  yet  its 
position  in  its  relations  to  men,  at  one  or  another  period  of  time,  is 
not  always  permitted  to  remain  the  same.  The  infirmity  of  man- 
kind, we  all  know  ;  the  infirmity  of  men  as  Masons,  I  have  not 
.  been  able  to  conceal.  In  the  past  one  hundred  years,  notwithstand- 
ing the  greater  degree  of  intelligence,  our  Order  has  encountered 
its  "  Left  Footers  and  Right  Footers,"  and  those  who  could  take  no 
"  step "  at  all,  perversity  or  an  intense  national  sentiment  has 
closed  our  "Temple"  to  the  regularly  initiated.  In  the  mutability 
of  all  things  human,  the  immutability  of  the  great  principle,  —  the 
ancient  landmarks,  —  the  sacred  title  deed  of  the  lawful  right  of 
our  successors,  may  be  made  to  tremble  in  the  balance,  between 
some  "  Ancient  and  Modern  "  controversy  yet  to  be  developed  from 
the  womb  of  the  future.  The  vast  Masonic  family  now  pursue 
their  perfect  work  in  harmony  ;  not  a  ripple  breaks  in  wanton  defi- 
ance near  the  "  Three  Great  Pillars,"  not  a  shadow  dims  the  efful- 
gence of  the  "Three  Great  Lights," — the  Square,  Level  and  Plumb 


CEiVTEN.V/.l  L     M E  M  O  RI A  L 


123 


everywhere  enjoin  obedience  from  willing  hearts  !  Let  us  fervently 
hope,  that  neither  discord  nor  division  shall  ever  invade  the  Institu- 
tion !  But  if  it  shall  be  otherwise  ordered  !  If  "  St.  Andrew's"  is 
again  put  upon  her  defence,  the  Lodge  can  rally  upon  a  Charter 
from  a  fountain  source  so  high  that  its  purity  never  was  questioned. 
In  the  factions  of  the  past,  or  previous  centuries,  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland  has  been  arrayed  neither  upon  the  one  side,  nor  the 
other ;  but  her  arbitrament  has  become  rather  a  palladium  of 
Masonic  rights.  The  grant  of"  St.  Andrew's"  Charter  is  a  notable 
case  in  point,  —  the  historian  of  this  ancient  Scotch  Body  will  not 
fail  to  recount  others,  —  from  the  hour  of  our  Charter's  date  until 
the  present,  "  St.  Andrew's  "  has  been  courteously  loyal  to  Ancient 
Craft  Masonry,  —  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  has  uniformly 
held  unwavering  confidence  in  the  wisdom  of  this  grant. — On  this, 
our  Centennial  Day,  in  the  presence  of  her  honored  representatives 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  bids  us  take  note  of  its  confirmed 
approval.  Our  Charter  bears  too,  the  endorsement  of  the  Most 
Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  an  act  done  under  cir- 
cumstances which,  as  the  Order  stretches  down  the  ages,  will  ever 
reflect  increased  honor  upon  all  concerned.  Such  considerations 
give  a  value  to  our  Charter,  which  the  recurrence  of  an  hundredth 
or  a  ten  hundredth  birthday,  can  only  alike  commemorate. 

For  more  than  two  generations,  covering  the  period  to  this  mo- 
ment, during  which  "St.  Andrew's"  has  pursued  the  even  tenor 
of  its  way  in  the  present  beneficent  jurisdiction,  a  leading  feature  of 
its  history,  discovers  abundant  testimony  to  the  sagacity  of  the 
Lodge's  early  members,  and  to  the  wise  prudence  of  those  who 
come  after  them  in  the  control  of  affairs.  The  brethren  before  me, 
who,  in  the  vigor  of  early  manhood  chose  their  Masonic  career  in 
this  Lodge,  can  now  in  the  maturity  of  riper  years,  look  back  with 
pride  and  satisfaction  upon  their  own  faithful  response  to  the  im- 
portant trusts  committed  to  them,  and  to  the  substantial  good  fruits 
in  charity  and  hos])itality  borne  of  their  fostering  care  ;  but  in  the 
face  of  the  cherished  memories  of  those  who  have  passed  on.  it 
will  be   the   choice   of  the  living  to  wait  for  their  encomiums.      \\\\{ 


124  CEN TE NNIA  L    M E M O R lAL. 

yet,  while  we  do  not  stop  to  place  garlands  on  all  the  living,  there 
are  nevertheless  epochs  in  the  progress  of  human  societies,  which 
in  the  narrative  cannot  be  separated  from  the  heroic  men  who  con- 
trolled them.  We  may  therefore  for  once  anticipate  the  faithful 
chronicler  of  Masonic  history  for  the  past  quarter-century,  a  period, 
during  which,  save  at  its  commencement,  the  Masonic  firmament 
of  this  State  has  shown  a  clear  sky,  no  star  dimmed  or  absent  ; 
we  may,  I  say,  anticipate  the  faithful  chronicler  in  his  estimate  of 
a  brother,  when  he  meets  the  story  of  one  dark  portent  which 
threatened  to  obscure  the  bright  azure,  like  as  some  foul  pestilential 
miasma  that  the  sunlight  dissipates.  We  shall  see  him  then,  pause 
over  the  record  of  A.  D.  1833,  to  eulogize  the  author  of  the  "  Me- 
morial "  to  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  which  wielded  —  a 
shining  weapon, —  from  the  lofty  citadel,  and  by  the  resolute  hand  of 
the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  fell,  a  besom 
of  destruction  upon  long  matured  Anti-Masonic  plot  and  counter- 
plot. It  will  be  written  too,  that  this  dismaying,  annihilating  blow 
at  the  whole  fabric  of  a  political  party's  devilish  handiwork,  as  in- 
stant, as  bold,  as  perfect  as  an  electric  shock,  was,  all  in  all,  the  fine 
intellectual  accomplishment  of  a  Master  of  our  own  "  St.  Andrew's." 
We  must  not  forget  to  honor  the  paramount  service  of  a  Brother 
who  honors  us  by  his  Lodge  association,  and  who  does  honor  to  a 
whole  fraternity  at  large,  whom  he  has  so  long,  so  prominently,  so 
usefully  served,  with  conspicuous  ability. 

This  tribute  to  one  of  the  oldest  members  of  the  Lodge  of  St. 
Andrew,  is  certainly  due  to  a  brother,  who  far  beyond  any  other 
member  of  the  Order  in  New  England,  bore  the  sharp  point  of 
persecution  in  behalf  of  his  Lodge,  and  in  behalf  of  the  integrity 
of  Masonry,  during  the  seven  years  crusade  against  the  Fraternity, 
which  swept  over  social,  no  less  than  political  relations  at  the 
North  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago,  with  an  intensity  of  bitterness, 
that  can  scarcely  be  understood  by  those  who  were  not  eye  wit- 
nesses to  the  envenomed  scourge  of  Anti-Masonry.  I  would  have 
gladly  got  on  to  my  close  without  mention  of  this  hateful  epithet, 
—  thrusting  it  from  me  as  a  reeking  abomination,' — fit  only  for 


CEN  TE NAIA  L     M E  .1/  O  R  I A  L.  125 

that  pit  of  condemnation,  to  which  it  has  been  lont;-  since  con- 
signed by  common  consent.  ,But  you  have  a  right  in  this  place, 
to  hold  your  speaker  answerable  for  fidelity  to  his  topic,  and  your 
successors  have  a  right  to  demand  equal  fidelity  to  all  the  record 
which  has  concerned  "  St.  Andrew's."  Suffer  me  then,  as  a  mat- 
ter of  current  history  in  the  past.  —  in  which  too,  our  Lodge  was 
identified,  —  to  reproduce  in  the  briefest  manner,  a  strange  episode 
in  the  progress  of  Masonry. 

In  the  autumn  of  the  year  1826,  a  ruthless  attack  upon  the  Ma- 
sonic Institution  broke  out  in  western  New  York.  Encouraged 
by  unprincipled  politicians  with  a  strong  leaven  of  religious  fanati- 
cism, this  Anti-Masonic  blast  sw^ept  over  the  Northern  States  of  this 
Union  like  a  sirocco  of  the  desert,  burying  beneath  its  blistering 
sands,  the  cherished  elements  of  social,  civil  and  political  life.  In 
the  not  overdrawn  language  of  the  day  —  "  The  ties  of  friendship 
and  kindred  were  sundered,  the  springs  of  sympathy  were  dried 
up,  confidence  between  man  and  man  was  destroyed  ;  the  demon 
of  madness  and  persecution  ran  riot  through  the  community,  the 
prominent  and  active  members  of  the  Masonic  Institution  were 
thwarted  in  their  business,  denied  the  lawful  exercise  of  their  civil 
franchises,  driven  from  public  offices,  from  the  jury  box,  from  the 
churches  ;  subjected  to  insolence  and  contumely,  hunted  down  as 
felons,  and  only  saved  from  assassination  through  the  cowardice  of 
their  persecutors." 

In  1827,  these  malignant  features  of  Anti-Masonry  ai)pearcd  in 
Massachusetts.  In  the  year  following,  it  was  rampant  in  the  poli- 
tics, and  in  the  churches  of  the  country  towns,  assuming  a  distinct 
party  organization.  By  the  fall  of  1830,  this  party,  gathering 
around  it  the  worst  elements  of  political  corruption  and  fanaticism, 
had  so  increased  in  numbers,  as  to  control  the  elections  in  small 
towns,  and  presently  this  Anti-Masonic  party  became  an  acquisi- 
tion to  be  courted  and  bid  for,  by  the  great  national  parties.  This 
gave  it  an  extraneous  importance  far  beyond  its  real  consequence, 
and  at  last  the  Anti-Masons  measured  so  much  in  the  scales  of 
])olitical   iniquity  as   to   give   ihem    what   is  called  "  llic  balance  of 


1 26  CENTE  NN  lAL     M  E  M  O  RIA  L. 

power,"  and  they  at  once  displayed  the  most  unscrupulous  audacity 
in  hostile  acts  against  Masons  an4  everything  belonging  to  the 
Order. 

The  community  outside  the  infamous  plotting  against  individual 
rights  and  private  judgment,  and  especially  right-minded  people 
from  the  most  intelligent  classes  who  were  not  of  the  "  Order,"  at 
length  feeling  the  injustice  of  these  high-handed  proceedings, 
urged  upon  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  the  propriety  of 
officially  protesting  against  the  vile  denunciation,  and  to  make  an 
authentic  statement  of  the  principles  inculcated  by  Freemasonry, 
of  the  obligations  of  the  "  Society  "  to  God  and  as  citizens.  On 
the  31st  of  December,  1831,  the  well-known  paper  entitled  "A 
Declaration  of  the  Freemasons  of  Boston  and  vicinity,"  was  pub- 
lished. In  all,  some  six  thousand  names  were  attached  to  the  dec- 
laration. The  effect  was  good.  The  common  bond  was  strength- 
ened in  the  fraternity,  the  position  of  the  Grand  Lodge  was  more 
assured,  and  the  confidence  of  the  ingenuous  portion  of  the  com- 
munity was  confirmed.  The  mischievous  tendency  of  political 
Anti-Masonry,  however  was  not  allayed.  The  excitement  increased 
in  degree  as  the  leading  parties  of  the  State  became  more  evenly 
balanced  in  the  strife  for  ascendency,  and  the  Anti-Masons  de- 
manded and  obtained  a  share  in  political  offices  and  in  the  Legisla- 
ture. 

And  now  for  the  clear  understanding  of  the  severe  crisis  that  we 
are  approaching  it  is  necessary  to  go  back  in  point  of  time,  for  a 
moment,  and  to  state  an  embarrassing  contingency  in  which  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  found  themselves  during  the  very  height 
of  the  power  of  this  despicable  Anti-Masonic  faction,  and  which 
further  aggravated  the  whole  matter.     The  story  is  as  follows  :  — 

In  1830,  the  Grand  Lodge  being  obliged  to  vacate  the  old  State 
House,  —  then  about  to  be  required  for  city  uses,  —  purchased  the 
land  on  which  this  Masonic  Temple  stands  where  we  are  now  as- 
sembled, and  on  the  30th  of  October,  laid  the  corner  stone  of  the 
present  structure.  It  was  then  a  corporate  body  holding  a  charter 
granted  by  the  Legislature   in    181 7,  with  authority  by  law  to  hold 


CENTENNIAL     RrEMORIAL.  127 

property  not  exceeding  eighty  thousand  dollars,  —  further  restricted 
to  twenty  thousand  of  real,  and  sixty  thousand  of  personal  estate,  — 
denominated  the  Grand  Charity  Fund.  As  the  building  of  the 
Temple  progressed,  the  Grand  Lodge  found  itself  under  the  neces- 
sity of  asking  the  Legislature  for  a  modification  of  its  charter,  to 
enable  it  to  hold  a  larger  amount  of  real  estate,  and  a  proportion- 
ably  less  of  personal.  Accordingly,  in  January,  1831,  a  petition  to 
this  effect  was  presented,  and  here  I  resume  the  thread  of  the  nar- 
rative, dropped  above  :  — 

The  Anti-Masons  in  the  House  are  supposed  to  have  numbered 
about  thirty,  who,  on  presentation  of  the  Grand  Lodge  petition  for 
this  proper  and  reasonable  modification  of  its  charter,  broke 
forth  in  bitter  denunciation  of  Masonry.  The  petition  went  to 
committee.  At  once  the  "  Heathen  raged  ;  "  remonstrances  swept 
over  the  Commonwealth  ;  no  crime  in  the  decalogue  was  left  un--" 
committed  by  the  Masons  ;  the  Order  must  be  investigated  ; 
persons  and  papers  must  be  sent  for  ;  the  charter  must  be  taken 
away  ;  these  were  the  demands  up  and  down  the  land,  and  sixteen 
thousand  Anti-Masonic  petitioners  said  amen.  Towards  the  close 
of  the  session  Hon.  Wm.  Sulliv-an,  chairman  of  the  committee, 
reported  in  favor  of  the  Grand  Lodge  ;  but  the  question  was  in- 
definitely postponed. 

The  Masons,  undaunted,  completed  their  Temple,  and  dedicated 
it  in  June,  1832.  But  the  embarrassments  of  the  Grand  Lodge 
were  fearful  ;  a  second  petition  would  have  met  a  similar  fate  with 
the  first.  The  whole  structure  and  estate  stood  involved  in  for- 
feiture to  the  State,  unless  relieved  by  some  modification  of  charter, 
and  no  relief  was  to  be  expected  from  the  Legislature  under  the  un- 
toward circumstances.  For  no  sooner  had  the  Grand  Lodge  been 
driven  out  defeated  from  the  State  House,  than  the  Anti-Masons 
went  on  with  their  petitions  ;  new  names  were  rapidly  added  ;  in 
short,  the  demand  was  for  investigation  and  annihilation  of  Free- 
masonry. The  fiery  ordeal  had  got  to  its  hottest.  The  Grand 
Lodge,  sorely  exercised,  considered  every  expedient  ;  able  commit- 
tees sat  In  vain,  but  no  agreement  ;  notliing  was  dclennined  ;  tlie 


I2S  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

worst  impended.  The  emergency  was  met,  —  as  I  have  before 
stated,  —  by  the  then  young  Master  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  in  the 
following  vote  :  — 

Voted.  That  a  committee  be  appointed  to  consider  the  expediency  of  .sur- 
rendering the  Act  of  Incorporation  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  report  at  the  next 
meeting. 

This  vote  was  adopted,  and  a  committee  appointed  consisting  of 
R.  W.  Francis  J.  Oliver,  Augustus  Peabody,  Joseph  Baker,  John 
Soley,  and  Charles  W.  Moore.  This  was  on  the  20th  of  December, 
1833.  On  the  following  27th,  the  committee  submitted  a  "Me- 
morial,"—  a  surrender  of  the  Charter,  —  which  was  unanimously 
adopted  without  amendment,  and  ordered  to  be  presented  to  the 
Legislature  with  the  Act  of  Incorporation. 

This  memorial,  signed  by  the  Grand  Master  and  Wardens,  was 
presented  on  the  first  day  of  the  session,  January,  1834,  by  the 
Hon.  Stephen  White,  a  member  from  Boston.  It  caused  the  wild- 
est excitement,  but  after  a  stormy  opposition  it  was  adopted  and 
the  Grand  Lodge  was  relieved  of  its  embarrassment  ;  its  property 
was  saved. 

The  "  Declaration"  of  183 1,  the  "  Memorial"  of  1833,  —  both 
written  by  the  same  hand,  —  and  the  triumphal  acquittal  on  a  charge 
for  libel,  in  the  same  year,  of  the  author  of  these  celebrated  docu- 
ments, were  the  three  blows  which  killed  Anti-Masonry  in  Massa- 
chusetts, and  redeemed  the  Masonic  Institution  from  seven  years 
of  obloquy  and  unparalleled  opposition.  During  this  terrible  cru- 
sade the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  never  shrunk  from  any  responsi- 
bility, nor  for  one  moment  hesitated  in  its  whole  duty,  with  its 
money,  its  influence,  and  its  vote.  And,  amid  here  and  there  in- 
stances of  faint-heartedness,  silent  withdrawals,  and  wreck  of  long- 
standing cherished  Masonic  affiliations,  "  St.  Andrew's,"  through 
its  members,  stood  first  and  foremost,  close  in  its  hearty  allegiance 
and  its  counsel  to  the  Grand  Lodse. 


'e>^ 


Brethren  of  "  St.  Andrew's  : "  We  are  drawine:   nisfh  the  close 


CENTENXIAL     MEMORIAL.  129 

of  our  first  Centennial  Epoch,  and  one  duty  remains  to  be  fulfilled: 
but  we  in  vain  attempt  to  do  it  justice  ;  the  task  is  a  willing,  a 
grateful  one,  but  we  have  not  the  means  for  response !  This  we 
know  ;  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  has  been  spared  !  Her  name  fills  a 
proud  niche  in  the  Temple  of  Masonry.  But  to  whom  among  their 
associates  belongs  the  honor  of  guiding,  and  guarding  the  Lodge 
through  the  past  !  Where  all  are  held  in  venerated  memory, 
upon  whom  shall  we  bestow^  the  mention  of  degrees  of  fame  !  In  the 
recollection  of  a  few  names,  which  have  been,  or  may  be  selected 
from  some  peculiar  prominence,  or  from  circumstance  of  official 
position,  we  are  not  to  be  unmindful  of  that  glorious  roll  of  mem- 
bers who  have  left  behind  an  honorable  record  in  silent  votes  of 
loyalty  to  their  Order,  and  to  their  Lodge.  And  yet  again  at  a 
critical  moment,  radical  differences  of  judgment  have  almost  de- 
stroyed the  Lodge,  and  once  "  St.  Andrew's  "  was  rent  in  twain  ! 
But  brethren,  those  Masons  gave  the  same  pledge  that  we  did, 
they  hearkened  to  the  same  injunctions  ;  they  worshipped  at  the 
same  altar  ;  they  were  zealous  patriots  and  good  men  ;  in  a  part 
of  their  action,  they  certainly  did  this  Lodge  a  great  wrong !  But 
we  will  forget,  we  will  conjure  a  loved  association  of  this  day,  and 
with  old  Scotia's  truest  bard,  a  brother  Mason  too,  declare :  — 

"  Who  made  the  heart ;  'tis  He  alone 

Decidedly  can  try  us, 
He  knows  each  chord  —  its  various  tone, 

Each  spring  its  various  bias  ; 
Then  at  the  balance  let's  be  mute, 

We  never  can  adjust  it ; 
What 's  done  we  partly  may  compute, 

But  know  not  what's  resisted."  * 

My  brothers,  if  you  had  gone,  as  I  have  gone  in  the  fulfilment 
of  your  summons,  over  the  records  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  you  would 
have  been  eager  to  place  a  tribute  here  to  Burbeck,  Barrett,  Warren, 
Webb,  Palfrey,  Danforth,  Deshon,  Carter,  Morton,  Webber,  Green, 
the  Sigourneys  !  ay,  the  succession  stops  not  here  :   In  fraternal  as- 

17 


I30  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

sociation  with  these  names,  though  not  permitted  to  share  the 
same  service,  there  will  leap  to  our  lips  with  fresher  grief,  the  hon- 
ored names  of  Purkett,  Fowle,  Smith,  Hutchinson,  Hunt,  Suter, 
Washburne,  Rayner,  Chickering,  Loring  !  Alas  !  no  human  thanks 
can  avail,  —  these  brothers  have  their  reward,  —  we  will  cherish 
their  memories  ! 

If  my  voice  shall  reach  the  ear  of  those  venerable  brethren 
—  Hammatt,  Lash,  —  who  hallow  our  Festival  by  their  presence 
to  night,  giving  us  living  associations  of  that  interesting  day  and 
occasion,  when  this  last  Lodge  took  its  place  under  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  the  Commonwealth,  —  these  words  do  thank  them  for  the 
many  fraternal  acts  which  our  records  testify  to,  of  their  kindly 
participation  in  smoothing  the  way  towards  that  happy  united 
sentiment  now  jubilant  in  the  Masonic  family  of  Massachusetts. 

I  feel  that  in  your  hearts,  you  bid  me  linger  longer  on  the  mem- 
ory of  three  of  our  members,  to  whom  it  surely  was  given  to  be  of 
invaluable  service  to  their  Lodge,  and  who  no  less,  were  an  honor 
to  the  several  civic  and  Masonic  trusts  which  they  long  filled. 

Elisha,  the  elder  of  the  Sigourneys,  became  a  member  of  "  St. 
Andrew's"  in  1778  ;  he  stood  with  Burbeck  in  the  memorable  care 
for  the  Charter  ;  he  was  a  wise,  competent  and  liberal  Mason,  and 
to  a  remarkable  degree  in  critical  junctures,  he  held  the  confidence 
of  the  Order.  Elisha  Sigourney  lived  to  see  his  labors  nobly 
crowned  by  the  union  of  his  Lodge  with  the  Grand  Lodge :  and 
died  in  181 1.  The  Sigourneys  were  Huguenots,  a  capital  stock  ; 
this  Lodge  has  never  been  without  men  of  that  fine  race. 

Andrew,  the  younger,  and  the  third  of  the  name  in  the  Lodge, 
was  made  a  Mason  here  in  1791,  and  died  within  a  few  weeks  of 
James  Farrar,  in  1820.  To  the  admirable, combination  of  qualities 
in  heart  and  hand,  which  must  claim  from  the  Order  in  this  State, 
love  and  reverence,  Andrew  Sigourney  added  a  conscientious,  gen- 
erous devotion  to  the  important  concerns  of  his  Lodge,  which  de- 
mands our  gratitude  ;  honored  in  every  walk  of  life  ;  in  all  Masonic 
measures  of  importance,  he  ably  co-operated  for  the  best  and  truest ; 
but  to  this  brother  alone  is  the   credit  due,  of  carrying   out   those 


CENTENXIAL     MEATORIAL.  131 

thorough  investigations  into  the  condition  of  the  Lodge,  whence 
came,  not  only  the  reduction  to  systematic  method  of  all  matters 
of  record  and  account  ;  but  a  complete  comprehension  of  all  its 
concerns.  Through  life  his  integrity  was  spotless  ;  on  "  St.  An- 
drew's," in  her  delicate  relations  with  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scot- 
land, financial  and  fiduciary, —  and  on  all  Masonic  organizations, — he 
shed  the  bright  lustre  of  his  own  honor.  For  almost  thirty  years 
of  uninterrupted  services,  civic  and  Masonic,  did  this  noble  man 
respond  with  unsurpassed  capacity  and  zeal,  —  at  last  he  dropped 
his  mantle,  and  "  St.  Andrew's,"  —  blest  ever  in  its  hour  of  need,  — 
caught  it  up  and  placed  it  upon  his  worthy  successor,  John  James 
Loring !  The  history  of  "  St.  Andrew's "  would  be  incomplete 
without  mention  of  Loring  and  the  Sigourneys  !  Ay  !  the  Temple 
of  Masonry  is  illumined  by  the  graces  of  their  characters  !  They 
are  gone !  —  but  united  in  the  Supreme,  the  perfect  Lodge  above, 
their  memories  are  treasured  below. 

Brethren  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  Let  us  be  true  to  our  own  respon- 
sibilities, as  present  workmen  in  the  great  Temple  of  Freemasonry  ; 
remembering  that  by  good  work  only  can  it  be  handed  down  the  ages 
to  come.  We  are,  each  generation  of  Masons  are  equally  important 
links  in  the  time-hallowed  ancestral  chain,  —  may  it  with  us  be 
kept  ever  bright  ;  may  we  remember  also,  that  we  are  the  suc- 
cessors of  men,  whose  love  for  the  rights  of  man,  —  whose  sturdy 
patriotism  led  them  to  do  yeoman's  service  for  a  Nation's  Indepen- 
dence. We  too,  are  the  successors  of  Masons  whose  love  for 
Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masonry  drove  them  to  seek  in  a 
distant  land  a  clear  title  empowering  them  to  work.  We  also  are 
the  successors  of  brethren  whose  convictions  of  right,  —  whose 
skill  "  in  the  craft,"  —  whose  patient  endurance  to  the  end  helped  to 
give  the  Masonic  fraternity  of  the  Commonwealth  an  honorable 
affiliation.  The  life  long  pathway  of  these  brethren  was  beset  with 
difficulties  ;  ours,  under  a  felicitous  union  and  ample  possessions, 
is  made  easy  before  us.  Let  not  our  course  be  wayward.  In  the 
absence  of  such  pressures  as  our  predecessors  bore,  it  becomes  us 
to  avoid  all  thought  of  minor  differences,  if  any  arise,  and   aspiring 


132  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

to  the  just   dignity  of  our  glorious   inheritance,  work  onward,  up- 
ward as  they  did,  in  the  spirit  of  Masonry  ! 

The  hundred  years  are  complete  !  The  eventful  series  is  accom- 
plished !  We  stand  on  the  threshold  of  another  century  !  The 
genius  of  the  age  bids  us  look  forward,  heeding  the  lessons  of  the 
past ;  but  abiding  upon  ourselves.  Thus  are  we  to  make  history. 
Thus,  have  we  our  own  responsibilities,  and  thus  alone,  must  our 
memories  encounter  the  test  hereafter.  Let  us,  let  each  genera- 
tion of  Masons  be  true  to  themselves  ;  then  shall  centuries  go 
by  filled  with  blessings,  and  Centennial  Days  shall  herald  grateful 
memories. 

l>Oj^OO 

Note.  The  "  Declaration,"  —  with  the  names  of  "  .St.  Andrew's  "  members  who 
signed  it,  —  and  the  "  Memorial,"  —  a  perpetual  defence  of  Masonic  principles, — to 
which  allusion  has  been  made  in  the  Oration,  will  be  found  in  the  closing  part  of  this 
book :  Both  of  these  papers  were  written  by  R.  \V.  Charles  Whitlock  Moore  ;  who 
was  born  in  Boston,  March  31,  1801  ;  made  a  Mason  in  Kennebec  Lodge,  Hallowell, 
March,  1822  ;  and  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  in  October,  of  the  same 
year.  During  the  height  of  the  Anti-Masonic  persecution  of  "  The  Order,"  —  fur  im- 
portant considerations,  besides  his  eminent  fitness  as  an  accomplished  Mason,  —  Bro. 
Moore  was  chosen  Master  of  the  Lodge,  and  he  is  now  (1870)  its  vSenior  Past  Master 
and  oldest  member. 


iiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 


CENTENNIAL    ME  MORTAL.  133 

ORIGINAL   ODE. 

l>y  Uku.  Henky  GRArroN  Clark,  M.  D.     Music  by  S.   1*.  Tuckkrman,  Esq.,  and 

sung  by  the  Choir. 

St.  Andrew's  Eve  !     From  yonder  tower 
As  tolls  the  bell  the  passing  hour  ; 
As  silent  glide  time's  ebbing  sands, 
A  century  completed  stands  ! 

St.  Andrew's  Eve  !     Well  met  to-night  ! 
To  celebrate  the  century's  flight, 
And  gather,  ere  it  disappears, 
The  harvest  of  a  hundred  years ! 

A  memory,  and  a  tear,  for  those 
Who  lie  in  dreamless  death's  repose  ! 
Let  green  acacia  deck  each  grave. 
And  solemn  cypress  o'er  it  wave  ! 

Grey  moss  creeps  o'er  the  castle  walls. 
Of  Aberdour's  ancestral  halls  ; 
But  still  our  charter  stands  as  fair, 
As  when  the  Douglas  sealed  it  there. 

So  fade  the  past  !     The  present  yields 
Its  fruits  and  flowers  from  fairer  fields  ; 
For  Beauty's  radiance  lights  the  East, 
And  loving  friends  will  grace  our  feast ! 

The  crescent  moon  her  silver  shield 
lias  lifted  o'er  the  golden  field  ; 
Come,  let  us  bind  our  ripened  sheaves, 
And  garland  them  with  Autumn  leaves  ! 


,34  CENTE  NNIA  L    M  E  M  O  R I A  L  . 

After  the  conclusion  of  the  services  in  the  Grand  Hall,  the  Worshipful  Master  directed 
the  Marshal  to  form  a  Procession  and  to  escort  the  audience  to  the  Banquet. 

The  Feast  was  provided  by  Bro.  J.  B.  Smith.  Here  abundance,  superb  elegance,  and 
exquisite  taste  were  so  nicely  blended  as  to  command  admiration  and  praise  from  the 
entire  company.  The  tables  were  beautifully  set  forth  with  a  profusion  of  choice  flowers. 
The  Thistle  bloomed  on  every  table,  and  an  elegant  bouquet  was  presented  on  every 
plate.  The  whole  scene,  in  a  word,  —  under  the  rich  canopies,  and  emblazoned  adorn- 
ments of  the  noble  hall,  together  with  the  jewelled  guests  standing  in  the  brilliantly  con- 
trived light,  —  was  enchanting  to  the  gaze. 


THE    BANQUET. 

NON   NOBIS    DOMINE,    BY   THE   CHOIR, 
ACCOMPANIED  BY  J.  H.  WILCOX,  Esq.,  ON   THE  PIANO. 

INVOCATION, 

BY    WORSHIPFUL   BROTHER   REV.    \VM.    ROUNSEVILLE   ALGER. 

ADDRESS  OF  WELCOME, 

BY 
W.   BRO.  SAMUEL  P.  OLIVER, 

MASTER   OK   THE    LODGE. 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen  :  — 

It  is  an  ancient  and  beautiful  custom  of  our  Order  that  at  stated  periods^the 
workmen  shall  be  called  from  labor  to  refreshment.  With  our  ancient  Brethren 
it  was  a  matter  of  necessity  that  at  high  twelve  of  each  day  the  sound  of  the 
axe  and  the  hammer  should  cease,  the  plumb,  square  and  level  be  laid  aside,  and 
the  trowel  be  still  for  a  season,  that  they  might  refresh  and  strengthen  ex- 
hausted nature,  and  enjoy  the  rich  privilege  of  social  intercourse.  In  more 
modern  days  this  time-honored  and  hallowed  custom  has  been  figuratively 
though  strictly  observed,  and  few  are  the  occasions  when  refreshments  are  pro- 
vided. 

But  in  remembrance  of  this  joyous  custom,  tlie   Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  at  the 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.-  135 

close  of  one  hundred  years  of  labor,  at  this  her  high  twelve  of  existence,  now 
calls  her  craftsmen  to  refreshment.  How  readily  do  they  respond  to  the  un- 
familiar but  well  remembered  call ! 

As  her  representative  upon  this  occasion,  it  becomes  my  official  and  grateful 
duty  to  bid  you  welcome  to  her  family  gathering.  As  we  gather  around  this 
festive  board,  our  bounding  pulses  are  stilled,  our  exultation  subdued,  as  we  miss 
from  their  accustomed  places,  tlie  loved  and  honored  forms  of  some  up  to  whom 
we  have  always  looked  for  counsel  and  approval.  They  have  gone  forth  on  the 
level  of  time  to  the  boundless  realms  of  eternity,  and  are  there  engaged  in  ad- 
miring the  fair  proportions  of  that  Temple,  not  made  with  hands,  eternal  in  the 
heavens.  Yet,  what  to  us  is  loss  untold,  to  them  is  gain  unspeakable  ;  and  with 
sinking,  though  reverent  and  grateful  hearts,  we  desire  to  say,  "  So  mote  it  be." 
The  sweet  remembrance  of  their  virtues  shall  last  till  time  shall  be  no  more. 

Our  sorrow,  however,  is  turned  into  joy  as  we  see  before  us  others  equally 
loved  and  venerated,  who  for  fifty  years  have  been  true  and  faithful  Craftsmen, 
who  have  devoted  to  our  Order,  the  vigor  of  youth  and  the  energy  of  manhood, 
and  now  adorn  it  with  the  love  of  their  dechning  years.  Their  virtues  are 
placed  on  perpetual  record. 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  that  good  old  mother  of  us  all,  sends  us 
her  parental  blessing,  and  is  with  us  in  the  persons  of  her  Grand  Master  and 
Wardens,  whose  countenances,  everywhere  welcome,  now  beam  with  the  bright- 
ness of  friendship  and  brotherly  love.  That  other  parent  institution,  from  whose 
great  heart  we  first  drew  the  stream  of  life,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  greets 
us  from  across  the  waters,  and  through  her  representatives,  bids  us  God-speed. 
Our  sister  Lodges,  also,  have  sent  hither  their  most  skilful  workmen  to  join  in 
our  counsels  and  in  our  festivities. 

The  good  old  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  though  in  our  day  of  dark- 
ness and  trial  she  stood  aloof  and  heard  not  our  cry  of  supplication,  now  sends 
to  us  her  Chief  Magistrate,  not  in  his  official  robes  of  state,  but  in  the  simple 
garb  of  a  Mason,  to  honor  the  occasion  and  heighten  the  festivity. 

Though  not  clothed  in  a  garment  such  as  we  would  have  him  wear,  yet  in  his 
heart  prepared  to  be  made  a  Mason,  the  ever  welcome  Head  of  our  beloved  city, 
laying  aside  his  official  gavel,  sits  down  with  us  to-night,  a  willing  and  honored 
guest. 

And  last,  but  far  from  least,  woman,  the  mother  of  Masons,  forgetting  those 


136  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

hours  of  loneliness  and  watching,  forgiving  us  that  we  hold  secrets  she  may  not 
share,  the  embodiment  of  the  Faith,  Hope  and  Charity  of  our  profession,  is  here 
to-night  to  soften,  refine,  and  grace  our  jubilee. 

And  now,  having  with  us  Age,  Manhood,  and  Woman,  wisdom  to  contrive, 
strength  to  support,  and  beauty  to  adorn  our  undertaking  —  why  need  I  longer 
delay  to  proclaim  from  the  East  to  the  West  and  the  South,  welcome,  thrice 
welcome  to  the  festivities  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  ! 

On  removal  of  the  cloth,  the  following 

ORIGINAL    SONG, 

WRITTEN    FOR    THE    FESTIVAL, 

BY 

BRO.    E.   T.    WILSON,   M.  D., 

WAS     SUNG. 

AIR — "  The  Star  Spangled  Banner.'''' 

Through  the  years  that  glide  by,  through  the  centuries'  flight, 

Through  the  lapse  of  old  time  and  decay  of  the  ages, 
Fair  Masonry  stands  in  perennial  light, 

And  writes  her  long  record  on  adamant  pages. 
In  the  sunshine  of  truth,  in  perpetual  youth, 
Still  she  strikes  for  religion,  for  right  and  for  truth. 

All  hail  to  our  Order,  and  long  may  the  flame 

Of  science  and  charity  blaze  at  its  name  ! 

When  the  Temple  first  sprang  towards  Jerusalem's  sky, 

And  pillar  and  dome  were  fixed  in  their  places, 
Our  Brethren  worked  'neath  the  All-Seeing  Eye  ; 

As  He  taught,  so  they  piled  up  its  manifold  graces. 
We  labor  no  more,  like  our  Brothers  of  yore. 
But  the  structure  of  virtue  we  build  o'er  and  o'er. 

All  hail  to  our  Order,  and  long  may  the  flame 

Of  science  and  charity  blaze  at  its  name  ! 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  \yj 

In  Columbia's  childhood,  and  long  ere  the  time 

When  she  cast  off  the  chains  which  her  powers  were  repressing, 
Our  fathers  brought  o'er  from  a  far  distant  clime 

The  mark  and  the  watchword,  the  faith  and  the  blessing. 
Keep  the  names  blazoned  fair,  spite  of  rust  and  of  wear, 
Of  the  Masons  who  placed  here  the  corner-stone  square. 

All  hail  to  our  Order,  and  long  may  the  flame 

Of  science  and  charity  blaze  at  its  name  ! 

In  the  work  of  our  vows  never  weary  or  faint, 

Doing  good  in  the  path  by  our  fortune  allotted  : 
Let  us  be  like  our  patron,  old  Scotia's  saint. 

The  gentleman,  soldier,  and  Christian  unspotted  ; 
His  example  so  true,  so  genial,  still  view 
In  doing  the  labor  our  hands  find  to  do  ! 

All  hail  to  St.  Andrew,  and  long  may  the  name 

In  our  bosoms  enkindle  an  emulous  flame  ! 


-ooJ^OO- 


Brother   Charles   Allen   Browne,  officiated  as  Toast  Master. 

Among  those  who  responded  to  sentiments,  were  the 

Most  Worshipful  Winslow  Lewis,  M.  D.,  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge 

of  Massachusetts. 

Right  Worshipful  John  T.  Heard,  Senior  Grand  Warden. 

R.  W.  Chas.  R.  Traln,  Junior  Grand  Warden. 

Bro.   Samuel  G.   Clark,  Representative  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

His  Excellency  Bro.  Hkxrv  J.  Gardnick,  Governor  of  the  State. 

His  Honor  Alexander  H.  Rice,  Mayor  of  Boston. 

Rev.  Bro.  Ww.  Rounsevh.li-:  Alger. 

K.  W.   Cn.\s.  W.  MooKi:.  Grand  Secretary  of  M.  W.  Grand  Lodge, 
is 


1 38  CE  N  T  E  NNIA  L     M  EM  O  RIAL. 


SPEECH  OF  THE    M.  W.  GRAND  MASTER. 

The  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master,  Winslow  Lewis,  in  behalf  of  the 
Grand  Lodge,  said  :  — 

Worshipfid  Master  — 

As  the  official  exponent  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  as  the  Grand 
Master  of  the  most  venerable  Masonic  organization  on  this  continent,  I  deem  it 
and  feel  it  to  be  the  great  feature  of  my  official  life,  that  the  Centennial  ob- 
servance of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  has  occurred  during  my  occupancy  of  the  East, 
and  that  it  is  my  high  privilege  to  congratulate  the  Brethren  on  this,  their  festal 
day  (which  may  well  be  termed  the  climacteric  year  of  their  existence),  and 
to  share  with  them  the  felicitations  which  exhilarate  and  cheer  them  on  the 
completion  of  the  hundredth  year  of  their  prosperous  and  honorable  career. 

Of  that  career,  your  faithful  orator,  and  historian  for  the  occasion,  has  por- 
trayed its  incipiency  and  progress,  its  onward  and  upward  advance,  its  relations 
to  the  Order,  its  services,  through  its  members,  to  the  great  cause  of  Free 
Masonry,  as  well  as  indirectly  also  to  that  of  liberty  and  independence,  in  their 
capacity  as  citizens  ;  and  before  taking  my  seat  I  cannot  resist  the  inclination  I 
feel,  to  pay  the  tribute  of  acknowledgment  and  thanks  so  eminently  due  to  that 
distinguished  Brother,  who  has  contributed  so  largely  to  the  interest  and  success 
of  the  occasion,  by  the  eloquent  and  appropriate  words  he  has  spoken  to  us. 
I  believe  that  I  only  give  voice  to  the  sentiment  of  all  who  have  enjoyed  the 
felicity  of  listening  to  him,  when,  I  tender  to  him  the  sincere  thanks  of  all,  and 
award  to  him  the  grateful  praise  of  having  acquitted  himself  of  the  laborious 
and  responsible  duty  imposed  upon  him  by  his  Brethren,  in  a  manner  worthy  of 
his  subject  and  of  his  own  reputation  as  an  accomi^lished  Mason.  For  the 
handsome  terms  in  which  he  has  spoken  of  the  body  over  which  I  have  the 
honor  to  preside,  he  has  my  personal  thanks.  In  a  word,  your  orator  has  pre- 
sented to  his  auditors,  the  honorable  path  in  which  St.  Andrew's  has  ever 
marched,  and  which  has  conducted  it  to  its  present  culmination  of  success. 
Well  may  your  hearts  respond  with  pride  on  this  the  "  wliite  day  "  of  your 
organization. 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  139 

And  well  may  you  say  in  the  words  of  the  great  poet :  — 

"  After  my  death,  I  wish  no  other  herald, 
No  other  speaker  of  my  living  actions, 
To  keep  mine  honor  from  corruption  ; 
But  such  an  honest  chronicler  as  Griffiths." 

Thus  far  as  Grand  Master  —  but  I  leave  the  Chair  and  take  my  place  among 
you,  as  one  of  your  Lodge,  as  a  "  quasi  member,"  for  you  have  constituted  me 
as  such  by  your  courtesies,  your  hospitable  kindness,  extended  tor  so  many 
years.  Among  you  are  the  most  loved  friends  of  my  Masonic  life,  my  greatest 
social  support,  the  hearts  on  which  I  lean,  and  which  have  never  failed  in  their 
sustaining  power.  Words  are  but  poor  tributes  to  pay  my  dues  to  this  Lodge. 
If  there  was  a  better  coinage  you  should  have  it,  golden  cannot  express  it,  and 
for  my  happiness  in  the  future,  let  me  hint  that  it  is  my  ardent  wish,  that  the 
indebtedness  may  never  be  diminished. 

If  this  connection  may  be  continued,  and  my  life  be  sjDared  for  another  decade  ; 
if  these  friendships  may  endure  till  old  age  —  the  "  three  score  years  and  ten  "  — 
come,  then  I  shall  feel  that  in  true  friendship's  foliage,  there  is  no  "  sere  or  yel- 
low leaf."  —  In  the  silent  register  of  my  heart,  "St.  Andrew's"  will  live,  while 
memory  lives. 

I  give  you  as  a  sentiment ;  — 

May  the  Records  of  your  Lodge  continue  in  the  future,  as  in  the 

PAST,    to     testify     PROSPERITY,     UNITY,    AND    THE    PRACTICE    OF    ALL    THE 

Masonic  virtues. 


-<X)>>S><oo- 


SPEECH    OF    THE    R.    W.    SENIOR    GRAND    WARDEN, 

JOHN    T.  HEARD. 

I  return  my  thanks  for  the  kindness  that  has  prompted  the  flattering  compli- 
ment contained  in  tlie  toast  just  pronounced,  —  allegorically  expressed,  — in  my 
lionor  as  Senior  Grand  Warden.  1  had  intended  to  present  a  few  facts  in  rela- 
tion to  tlie  liistory  of  Freemasonry  in  this  country,  which,  owing  to  the  lateness 
of  tlie  hour,  I  will  omit,  except  the  following,  which  have  more  especial  rela- 
tion t<j  the  interesting  Centennial  occasion  we  are  celebrating. 


No.  82,  in  1756 
No.  98,  in  1760 
No.  117,  in  1763 
No.  177,  in  1773 


140  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Tlie  number  of  private  Lodges  erected  in  tlie  American  colonies  by  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  were  only  five,  viz :  — 

Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  Boston,  .  .  .  No.    81,  in  1756 

Blandford,  Virginia, 
Union,  Charleston,  S.  C, 
Saint  John,  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
Saint  John,  Philadelphia, 

This  list  is  compiled  from  the  "  Roll  of  Lodges  holding  under  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland,"  as  presented  in  connection  with  the  pubhshed  "laws  and 
constitutions  "  of  that  Institution.  It  will  be  noticed  that  the  number  of  your 
Lodge  as  here  given,  is  eighty-one,  and  not  eighty-two  as  usually  stated.  I  will 
observe,  however,  that  in  the  critically  prepared  historical  portion  of  the  oration, 
to  which  we  have  listened  this  evening,  the  speaker  has  adopted  the  enumera- 
tion which  I  have  here  given. 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  also  established  two  Provincial  Grand  Lodges 
in  the  colonies,  —  one  in,  Boston,  and  within  one  hundred  miles  of  the  same," 
in  1769;  the  other  in  North  Carolina,  in  1771.  The  former  constituted  subor- 
dinate Lodges  in  Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire,  Connecticut,  Vermont  and 
New  York  ;  but  to  what  extent  the  latter  issued  charters  within  its  jurisdiction, 
I  have  not  the  means  of  showing.  Without  trespassing  further  upon  precious 
time  for  these  festivities,  I   will,  with  your  permission,  propose  this  toast :  — 

The  Grand    Lodge  of   Scotland   and    The  Lodge   of   St.  Andrew, 

PARENT   and     child,  —  BRIGHT   JEWELS     IN   THE  DIADEM    OF    FREEMASONRY. 

R.  W.  Junior  Grand  Warden,  Hon.  Chas.  R.  Train,  responded  eloquently 
to  a  felicitous  sentiment  offered  in  his  honor  by  Bro.  Browne,  the  Toast  Master 
of  the  banquet.  Bro.  Train,  extending  the  thoughts  of  the  sentiment  which 
called  him  up,  went  on  in  mention  of  the  distinguished  men  who  passed  the 
meridian  of  their  hves  in  devotion  to  Freemasonry  ;  then,  after  graceful  allusion 
to  the  famous  names  borne  upon  the  roll  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  he  closed 
with  this  toast :  — 

The  memory  of  our  Brothers,  Warren,  Franklin,  and  Hancock, — Lafayette, 
Marshall,  and  Clinton,  with  the  host  of  other  true  and  faithful  Masons,  —  a  galaxy 
of  stars,  which  adorned  the  Masonic  hemisphere  !  Although  set  in  the  western  horizon 
of  this  terrestrial  sphere,  they  will  rise  in  the  l)rit^ht  and  glorious  East  of  the  Celestial. 


C  E  N  TE  A  NIA  L    ME  M  O  R I A  L.  141 

SPEECH  OF  THE  R.  W.  GRAND  SECRETARY. 
In  response  to  the  toast,  — 

"  The  Antiquity  and  Universality  of  Masonry," 
Bro.  Moore  spoke  as  follows,  —  '   • 

WorsJiipful  Master  — 

I  suppose  it  to  be  entirely  true,  —  in  view  of  the  great  accessions  that  have 
been  made  to  its  members  within  the  last  two  or  three  years,  —  that  there  are 
many  persons  present  who  entertain,  at  best,  but  a  very  general  and  indefinite 
idea  of  the  antiquity,  extent,  and  magnitude  of  our  Institution.  And  it  is  equally 
true  that  many  even  of  our  most  intelligent  and  active  young  Brethren,  not  hav- 
ing their  attention  drawn  to  the  subject,  overlook  its  history  and  the  extent  of  its 
influence,  and  naturally  come  to  regard  it  in  much  the  same  light  that  tliey  do 
the  ordinary  associations  of  the  day  ;  and  this  as  naturally  leads  to  indifference. 
Masonry,  like  every  other  science,  whether  moral  or  jihysical,  to  be  rightly  esti- 
mated, must  be  understood  in  all  its  relations  and  conditions.  The  inteUigent 
Mason  values  it  in  the  exact  ratio  that  he  has  investigated  its  history  and  studied 
its  philosophy. 

But  my  immediate  purpose  is  not  to  discuss  the  importance  of  the  study  of 
Masonry  as  a  science,  but  to  show  its  universality  as  a  fraternity.  This  will 
necessarily  involve  to  some  extent  the  history  of  its  rise  and  progress. 

In  the  beginning  of  the  fifteenth  century,  Henry  the  Sixth  of  England,  asked 
of  our  Brethren  of  that  day  —  "  Where  did  Masonry  begin  V  And  being  told 
tiiat  it  began  in  the  East,  his  next  inquiry  was  —  "  Who  did  bring  it  Westerly?''^ 
—  and  he  received  for  answer  —  that  it  was  brought  Westerly  by  "the  Phani- 
cians:'  These  answers  were  predicated,  not  on  archaeological  investigations,  for 
the  archteology  of  Masonry  liad  not  then  been  opened  —  l)ut  on  tlic  tratlitions  ot 
the  Order,  as  they  liad  been  transmitted  from  generation  to  generation,  and  from 
a  period  running  so  far  back  along  the  stream  of  time  tliat  it  had  been  lost  in 
the  mists  and  obscurity  of  tlie  mythological  ages.  Recent  investigations, 
guided  by  more  certain  lights  and  more  extensive  and  clearer  developments  of 
historical  truth,  have   shown   tliat   these    Bretliren  were   not  misled  by  their  tra- 


142  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

ditions,  and  that  their  answers  indicated,  with  remarkable  precision,  what  the 
most  learned  of  our  Brethren,  in  this  country  and  in  Europe,  at  the  present  time 
believe  to  be  the  true  origin  of  their  Institution. 

Freemasonry  was  originally  a  fraternity  of  practical  builders  —  architects  and 
artificers.  This  is  conceded  by  all  who  are  to  any  extent  acquainted  with  its 
history  or  its  traditions.  The  Phoenicians,  whose  capital  cities  were  Tyre  and 
Sidon,  were  the  early  patrons  of  that  semi-religious  mystic  fraternity  or  society 
of  builders,  known  in  history  as  the  "  Dionysian  Architects."  That  this  fra- 
ternity were  employed  by  the  Tyrians  and  Sidonians  in  the  erection  of  costly 
temples  to  unknown  Deities,  in  the  building  of  rich  and  gorgeous  palaces,  and 
in  strengthening  and  beautifying  their  cities,  is  universally  admitted.  That  they 
were  the  "  cunning  workmen"  sent  by  Hiram,  King  of  Tyre,  to  aid  King  Solo- 
mon in  the  erection  of  the  Temple  on  Mount  Moriah,  is  scarcely  less  certain. 
Their  presence  in  that  city  at  the  time  of  the  building  of  the  Temple,  is  the 
evidence  of  history  ;  and  Hiram,  the  widow's  son,  to  whom  Solomon  intrusted 
the  superintendence  of  the  workmen,  as  an  inhabitant  of  Tyre,  and  as  a  skilled 
architect  and  cunning  and  curious  workman,  was  doubtless  one  of  their  num- 

.  ber.  Hence,  we  are  scarcely  claiming  too  much  for  our  Order,  when  we  suppose 
that  the  Dionysians  were  sent  by  Hiram,  King  of  Tyre,  to  assist  King  Solomon 
in  the  construction  of  the  house  he  was  about  to  dedicate  to  Jehovah,  and  that 
they  communicated  to  their  Jewish  fellow-laborers,  a  knowledge  of  the  advant- 
ages of  their  fraternity,  and  invited  them  to  a  participation  in  its  mysteries  and 
privileges.  The  Jews  were  neither  architects  nor  artificers.  By  Solomon's  own 
admission,  they  were  not  even  skilled  enough  in  the  art  of  building  to  cut  and 
prepare  the  timber  in  the  forests  of  Lebanon  ;  and  hence  he  was  compelled  to 
employ  the  Sidonians  to  do  that  work  for  him.  "  The  Tyrians,"  says  a  learned 
foreign  Brother,  "  were  celebrated  artists  ;  Solomon,  therefore,  unable  to  find 
builders  of  superior  skill,  for  the  execution  of  his  plans,  in  his  own  dominions, 
engaged  Tyrians,  who,  with  the  assistance  of  the  zealous  Jews,  7uJio  contented 
themselves  in  performing  the  inferior  labor,  finished  that  stupendous  edifice." 
And  we  are  told  on  the  authority  of  Josephus,  that  "  the  Temple  at  Jerusalem 
was  built  on  the  same  plan,  in  the  same  style,  and  by  the  same  architects,  as 
the  temples  of  Hercules  and  Astarte  at  Tyre."  They  were  doubtless  all  three 
built  by  one  of  the  companies  of  "  Dionysian  Architects,"  who  at  that  time 

"were  numerous  throughout  Asia  Minor,  where  they  possessed  the  exclusive 
privilege  of  erecting  temples,  theatres,  and  otlier  public  buildings. 


CENTE  NNI A  L    ME  J/  O  R I A  L  . 


H3 


Dionysius  arrived  in  Greece  from  Etjypt  durint;-  tlie  rei<^n  of  Ampliictyon, 
about  1500  years  before  Clirist,  and  there  instituted,  or  introduced,  the  Diony-^ 
sian  mysteries.  The  Ionic  migration  occurred  at)out  300  years  afterwards,  or 
1200  years  B.  C. — the  emigrants  carrying  with  them  from  Greece  to  Asia  Minor, 
the  mysteries  of  Dionysius,  before  they  had  been  C(n-rupted  !)y  the  Atiienians. 
"  In  a  short  time,"  says  Mr.  Lawrie,  "the  Asiatic  colonies  surpassed  tlie  mother 
country  in  prosperity  and  science.  Sculpture  in  marble,  and  tlie  Doric  and  Ionic 
Orders  were  the  result  of  their  ingenuity."  "  We  know,"  says  a  learned  en- 
cyclopedist, "that  the  Dionysiacs  of  Ionia "  (which  place  lias,  according  to 
Herodotus,  always  been  celebrated  for  the  genius  of  its  inliabitant.s),  "were  a 
great  corporation  of  architects  and  engineers,  who  undertool<,  and  even  inoiiopo- 
lized,  the  building  of  temples,  stadiums  and  theatres,  precisely  as  the  fraternity 
of  Masons  are  .lowivn  to  Iiai'e,  in  tlie  middle  ages,  monopolized  llie  l)uilding  of 
cathedrals  and  conventual  churches.  Indeed,  the  Dionysiacs  resembled  the 
mystical  fraternity,  now  called  Freemasons,  in  many  important  particulars. 
They  allowed  no  strangers  to  interfere  in  their  employment ;  recognized  each 
other  by  signs  and  tokens  ;  they  professed  certain  mysterious  doctrines,  under 
the  tuition  and  tutelage  of  Bacchus  ;  and  they  called  all  otlier  men  profane  v 
because  not  admitted  to  these  mysteries." 

The  testimony  of  history  is,  that  they  supplied  Ionia  and  the  surrounding 
country,  as  far  as  the  Hellespont,  with  theatrical  apparatus,  by  contract.  They 
also  practised  their  art  in  Syria,  Persia,  and  India  ;  and  about  three  hundred 
years  before  the  birtii  of  Christ,  a  considerable  numlier  of  tliem  were  incorpor- 
ated by  command  of  the  Kings  of  Pergamus,  who  assigned  to  them  Teos  as  a 
settlement.  It  was  this  fraternity,  whether  called  Greeks,  Tyrians,  or  Pliceni- 
cians.  who  built  the  Temple  at  Jerusalem.  That  stupentlous  work,  under  (iod, 
was  the  result  of  their  genius  and  scientific  skill.  And  this  Ijeing  true,  from 
them  are  we,  as  a  fraternity,  lineally  descended,  or  our  antitpiity  is  a  myth  and 
our  traditions  a  faille.  Hence  the  answer  of  our  English  Brethren  of  the  15th 
century,  to  the  inquiry  of  Henry  the  6tli,  that  .Masonry  was  brought  Westerly 
l)y  tlie  Plioenidans,  indicated  with  great  accuracy  tlie  i)robal)le  origin  of  the 
Institution. 

They  might  indeed  have  said  to  him,  that  long  anterior  to  the  advent  of 
Christianity,  the  mountains  of  Judea  and  tlie  plains  of  Syria,  the  deserts  of 
India  and  the  vallev  of  tlie  .Nile,  were  clieered  by  its  iiresence  and  enlivened  by 


144  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

its  song  ;  —  tliat  more  than  a  thousand  years  before  the  coming  of  the  "  Son  of 
Man,"  a  httle  company  of  "cunning  workmen,"  from  the  neighboring  city  of 
Tyre,  were  assembled  on  the  pleasant  Mount  of  Moriah,  at  the  call  of  the  wise 
King  of  Israel,  and  there  ei^ected  out  of  their  great  skill,  a  mighty  edifice,  whose 
splendid  and  unrivalled  perfection,  and  whose  grandeur  and  suljlimity  have  been 
the  admiration  and  theme  of  all  succeeding  ages.  They  might  have  said  to  him, 
that  this  was  the  craft-work  of  a  fraternity  to  whose  genius  and  discoveries,  and 
to  whose  matchless  skill  and  ability,  the  wisest  of  men  in  all  ages  have  bowed 
with  respect.  They  might  have  said  to  him,  that  having  finished  that  great 
work,  and  filled  all  Judea  with  temples  and  palaces  and  walled  cities  —  having 
enriched  and  beautified  Azor,  Gozarra,  and  Palmyra,  with  tlie  results  of  their 
genius  —  these  "  cunning  workmen,"  in  after  times,  passing  through  the  Es- 
senian  associations,  and  finally  issuing  out  of  the  mystic  halls  of  the  "Collegia 
Artificium"  of  Rome,  burst  upon  the  "dark  ages"  of  the  world,  like  a  bright 
star  peering  through  a  black  cloud,  and,  under  the  patronage  of  the  church,  pro- 
duced those  splendid  monuments  of  genius,  which  set  at  defiance  the  highest 
attainments  of  modern  art.  And,  if  in  addition  to  all  this,  they  had  said  to  him, 
"''that  in  the  year  A.  D.  926,  one  of  his  predecessors  on  the  throne  of  England, 
<  had  invited  them  from  all  parts  of  the  continent,  to  meet  him  in  general  assem- 
bly at  his  royal  city  of  York,  the  answer  to  his  inquiry  —  '■'■  IMio  did  bring  it 
Westerly?''''  —  would  have  been  complete. 

Henceforward  for  eight  centuries,  Masonry  continued  an  operative  fraternity  ; 
producing,  both  in  England  and  on  the  Continent,  those  grand  and  unap- 
proachable specimens  of  art,  which  are  the  pride  of  Central  Europe,  and  the 
~-  admiration  of  the  traveller.  But  it  is  no  longer  an  operative  association.  We 
of  this  day,  as  Masons,  set  up  no  pretensions  to  extraordinary  skill  in  the  physi- 
cal sciences.  Very  few  of  us — accomplished  Masons  as  we  maybe  —  would 
willingly  undertake  to  erect  another  Temple  on  Mount  Moriah  !  Very  certain 
we  are  that  our  own  honored  M.  W.  Grand  Master,  — p-rinius  inter  pares,  as  all 
his  Brethren  acknowledge  him  to  be,  —  would  hesitate  a  long  time  before  con- 
senting to  assume  the  duties  of  architect  for  another  Westminster  Abbey,  or  a 
new  St.  Pauls  !  No.  At  the  reorganization  of  the  Craft  and  the  establishment 
of  the  present  Grand  Lodge  of  England  in  17 17,  we  laid  aside  our  operative 
character,  and  with  it  all  pretensions  to  extraordinary  skill  in  architectural  sci- 
ence.     We    tlien    liecame  a  purely  moral    and    l)enevolent  association,   whose 


CE  NTE NNI A  L     M E  M O  R  / .-/  /: 


Mi 


great  aim  is  the  development  and  cultivation  of  tlie  moral  sentiment,  the  social 
principle,  and  the  benevolent  aflfections,  —  a  higher  reverence  for  God,  and  a 
warmer  love  for  man.  New  laws  and  regulations,  adapted  to  the  changed  con- 
dition of  the  Institution,  were  then  made,  — an  entire  revolution  in  its  g.overn- 
mental  policy  took  place,  —  order  and  system  obtained  where  neither  had  previ- 
ously existed  —  and  England  became  the  great  central  point  of  Masonry  for  the 
whole  world. 

From  this  source  have  Lodges,  Grand  and  Subordinate,  at  various  times,  been 
established  and  still  exist  and  flourish  —  in  France  and  Switzerland  —  in  all  the 
German  States,  save  Austria,  (and  there  at  different  times,  and  for  short  sea- 
sons,)—  all  up  and  down  the  classic  shores  of  the  Rhine; — in  Prussia,  Hol- 
land, Belgium,  Saxony,  Hanover,  Sweden,  Denmark,  Russia,  and  even  in  fallen 
Poland.  —  in  Italy  and  Spain,  (under  the  cover  of  secrecy)  —  in  various  parts  of 
Asia,  —  in  Turkey, — in  Syria,  (as  at  Aleppo,  where  an  English  Lodge  was 
established  more  than  a  century  ago,)  —  in  all  the  East  India  seTtlements,  —  in 
Bengal,  Bombay,  Madras,  (in  all  of  which  Lodges  are  numerous,)  —  in  China, 
where  there  is  a  Prov.  Grand  Master  and  several  Lodges,  —  in  various  parts  of 
Africa  —  as  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  and  at  Sierra  Leone  —  on  the  Gambia 
and  on  the  Nile,  —  in  all  the  larger  islands  of  the  Pacific  and  Indian  oceans  — 
as  at  Ceylon,  Sumatra,  St.  Helena,  Mauritius,  Madagascar  —  the  Sandwich 
group, —  in  all  the  principal  settlements  of  Australia  —  as  at  Adelaide,  Melbourne, 
Parrametta,  Sidney,  New  Zealand  ; — ^in  Greece,  where  there  is  a  Grand  Lodge, 
—  in  Algeria,  in  Tunis,  in  the  empire  of  Morocco  —  and  wherever  else  in  the 
old  world,  the  genius  of  civilization  has  obtained  a  stand-point,  or  Christianity 
has  erected  the  Banner  of  the  Cross. 

In  all  the  West  India  islands,  and  in  various  parts  of  South  America  —  as  in 
Peru,  Venezuela,  New  Grenada,  Guiana,  Brazil,  Chili,  etc.,  —  Masonry  is  pros- 
pering as  never  before.  In  the  latter  Republic,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  this 
Commonwealth  has  a  flourishing  subordinate,  and  the  Grand  Master  lias  just 
authorized  the  establishment  of  another  Lodge  there. 

On  our  own  Continent,  the  Order  was  never  more  widely  diffused,  or  in  a  more 
healthy  condition.  In  Mexico,  even,  respectable  Lodges  are  maintained,  in 
despite  of  the  opposition  of  a  bigoted  Priesthood  ;  and  in  all  Ihitish  America, 
from  Newfoundland,  through  Nova  Scotia  and  the  Canalas  to  the  icy  regions  of 

19 


146  CENTENjYIAL    MEMORIAL. 

the  North,  Masonic  Lodges  and  Masonic  Brethren  may  be  found,  "  to  feed  the 
hungry,  clothe  the  naked,  and  bind  up  tlie  wounds  of  the  afflicted." 

On  the  condition  of  the  Institution  in  our  own  country,  I  need  not  dwell.  The 
existence  of  thirty-four  Grand  Lodges,  with  hardly  less  than  four  thousand 
subordinate  Lodges  on  their  rolls,  and  numbering  at  least  a  quarter  of  a  million 
of  members,  —  and  that  number  increasing  with  a  rapidity  unprecedented  — 
speaks  in  a  voice  louder  and  stronger  than  any  words  of  mine  could  do,  for  its 
extent  and  popularity.  Every  State  and  Territory  —  except  the  unorganized 
territory  of  Washington  —  including  even  Kansas,  has  its  Grand  Lodge  ;  and 
nearly  every  considerable  town  and  village,  its  one  or  more  subordinate  Lodges. 
If  we  add  to  these,  the  large  number  of  Chapters,  Councils,  Encampments,  and 
other  Masonic  associations,  which  are  spread  all  over  the  length  and  breadth  of 
tlie  land,  we  have  the  evidence  of  a  prosperity  unparalleled  in  the  annals  of  any 
other  human  Institution,  in  any  age  of  the  world. 

Masonry  is  indeed  a  universal  Institution.  History  does  not  furnish  its  paral- 
lel. It  exists  where  Christianity  has  not  gone  ;  and  its  claims  will  be  respected, 
even  where  the  superior  claims  of  religion  would  fail.  It  is  never  obscured  by 
the  darkness  of  night.  The  eye  of  day  is  always  upon  it.  Its  foot-prints  are  to 
be  traced  in  the  most  distant  regions  and  in  the  remotest  ages  of  the  earth. 
Among  all  civilized  people,  and  in  all  Christianized  lands,  its  existence  is  recog- 
nized. It  came  to  our  shores  at  an  auspicious  period  ;  and  it  was  here  rocked 
in  the  Cradle  of  Liberty  by  a  Washington,  a  Franklin,  a  Hancock,  and  a 
Warren.  Unaffected  by  the  tempests  of  war,  the  storms  of  persecution,  or  the 
denunciations  of  fanaticism,  it  still  stands  proudly  erect  in  the  sunshine;  and 
clear  light  of  heaven,  with  not  a  marble  fractured  —  not  a  pillar  fallen.  It  still 
stands,  like  some  patriarchal  monarch  of  the  forest,  with  its  vigorous  roots 
riveted  to  the  soil,  and  its  broad  limbs  spread  in  bold  outline  against  the  sky  ; 
and  in  generations  yet  to  come,  as  in  ages  past,  the  sunlight  of  honor  and 
renown  will  delight  to  linger  and  play  amid  its  venerable  branches.  And  if  ever 
in  the  Providence  of  God,  lashed  by  the  storm  and  riven  by  the  lightning,  it 
shall  totter  to  its  fall,  around  its  trunk  will  the  ivy  of  filial  affection,  that  has 
so  long  clasped  it,  still  cling,  and  mantle  with  greenness  and  verdure  its  ruin 
and  decav. 


CE  N  TE  NNI A  L     M  E  M  O  R I A  L  .  147 

SPEECH  OF  REV.  BRO.  WM.  ROUNSEVILLE  ALGER. 
In  response  to  the  toast :  — - 

"Masoxic  Fellowship  in  the  Past  and  the  Future," 

Bro.  Alger  spoke  as  follows  :  — 

IVorhipfiil  ^f aster.  Brethren  and  Friends  :  — 

To  do  justice  to  so  rich  and  sweet  a  theme  as  you  have  proposed  to  me,  I 
ought  to  have  at  command  a  long  and  leisurely  hour,  and  a  voice  combining  the 
flute  and  the  bugle.  But  the  brevity  of  our  moments  here,  no  less  than  the 
presence  of  other  claims  on  our  attention,  will  allow  me  to  strike  only  a  few 
hurried  notes.  As  far  then  as  the  history  of  our  society  enables  us  to  look 
back,  we  see  groups  of  Brothers  recognizing  each  other  by  mystic  signs,  associ- 
ated in  loving  communion,  alleviating  toil  with  friendly  fellowship,  enriching 
life  with  helpful  deeds.  As  far  forward  as  our  faith  in  the  indestructible  princi- 
ples of  tlie  Order  guides  our  vision,  we  see  companies  of  our  Brethren  mingling 
hearts  at  the  festive  board,  marching  side  by  side  in  enterprises  of  utility  and 
ornament ;  or  hand  in  hand  dropping  the  sprig  of  Acacia  and  tear  on  the  grave 
of  a  fallen  comrade.  In  the  meantime,  between  those  two  long  processions  of 
our  mystic  fraternity,  the  army  of  departed  Masons  receding  in  the  shadow  of 
the  past,  the  army  of  unknown  Masons  advancing  in  tlie  ])rightness  of  the 
future,  we  of  the  living  present,  are  permitted,  for  precious  moments  now  and 
then,  to  gather  at  the  Altar,  the  Banquet  and  the  Bier,  bask  in  the  sunlight  of 
nature,  reflect  its  lustre  upon  each  other  from  our  friendly  eyes,  quaff  the  cup, 
and  sing  the  song  of  guiltless  cheer,  and  blend  immortal  memories  and  hopes  in 
our  prayer. 

The  privileges  thus  secured  to  us  Brethren,  we  can  scarcely  prize  too  highly. 
The  bell  whose  solemn  strokes  toll  the  death  of  a  hundred  years  of  old  "Saint 
Andrew's  "  to-night,  reminds  us  liow  swiftly  time,  and  love,  and  joy,  and  lite  all 
go"  by.  Let  us  make  the  best  use  of  the  instants  as  they  pass.  And  wiiat  l)etter 
use  can  be  made  of  them  than  to  fill  them  with  innocent  enjoyment,  the  culture 
of  our  noblest  attributes,  the  love  of  one  another,  and  the  liopes  of  all  mankind  I 

Envy,  suspicion,  revenge,  and    remorse    are    the    four  vultures   ot  the    heart. 


1 48  CENTE NNI A  L    M EM O R /AL. 

Such  virtues  as  we  are  called  on  to  practise  within  the  embrace  of  Masonic  Fel- 
lowship scare  those  horrid  birds  afar.  Whatever  takes  a  man  out  of  himself, 
and  plants  him  with  others  with  sympathetic  identification  tends  to  bless  and 
ennoble  him.  And  every  influence  of  Masonry  tends  to  this  result  alike,  when 
it  calls  its  votaries  to  labor,  and  when  it  calls  them  to  refreshment.  It  sends 
our  thoughts  out  to  distant  ages  and  realms,  laden  with  interest  and  curiosity, 
and  brings  them  back  enriched  with  fraternal  love. 

Let  no  Mason  be  a  niggard  of  his  heart.  The  more  he  gives  the  more  he 
will  receive.  Nothing  is  more  impoverishing  than  a  contracted  devotion  to  a 
selfish  routine.  To  unbend  and  expand  in  affectionate  fellowship  is  a  blessed 
thing.  Does  not  every  man  reap  as  he  plants  ?  There  is  a  merry  proverb, 
"  Tickle  the  earth  with  a  hoe  and  she  will  laugh  with  a  harvest." 

The  returns  are  rightfully  measured  by  the  investments  we  make.  Whoso 
would  secure  returns  of  social  joy,  health  of  mind  and  heart,  contentment  and 
peace  cannot  do  a  better  thing  than  frequently  to  invest  some  leisure  moments 
in  occasions  like  that  which  is  now  making  us  all  feel  so  happy  and  proud  here 
under  the  Centennial  rose  and  thistle  of  "  St.  Andrew's."  And  as  I  take  my 
seat  it  shall  be  with  the  hope,  that  as  century  shall  succeed  century,  nothing 
may  ever  lessen  the  glories  or  the  joys  of  that  "  Masonic  Fellowship  in  the  Past 
and  Future,"  which  binds  with  one  common  bond  the  dead,  the  living  and  the 
immortal. 

In  response  to  the  toast,  —  "The  M.  W.  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland," 

Bro.  Same.  G.  Clark,  Representative  of  the  Honored  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland,  —  spoke  of  the  commission  which  he  had  received  from  the  .Scotch 
Grand  Lodge,  to  the  interesting  Centennial  of  its  former  subordinate  Lodge. 
And  in  the  name  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  he  tendered  hearty  con- 
gratulations to  "St.  Andrew's"  in  the  jurisdiction  of  Massachusetts.' 

Bro.  Chas.  Allen  Brou'NE,  Toast  Master,  in  response  to  a  call,  gave  the 
following  sentiment :  — 

"Past  Masonic  DiCNrrARiES  :  We  cherish  the  memory  of  them  all, — from  Tubal 
Cain  the  great  Iron  Master,  through  Bezaleel,  the  Son  of  Uri,  the  curious  Artificer  of 
Ciold,  and  Hiram,  that  cunning  Artificer  in  Brass,  —  all  through  the  middle  ages,  and 
down  thu  line  of  honored  names  to  the  present  time." 


CENTENNIA  L    ME  MORI  A  L 


149 


"WiNSLOw  Lewis  Lodge  —  our  youngest  borx  —  the  comely  daughter 
OF  venerable  St.  John's  —  we  welcome  her  to  the  sisterhood  of 
Lodges." 

In  response  to  the  above  Toast,  Worshipful  Bro.  Clement  A.  Walker 
spoke  as  follows  :  — 

WorsJdpful  Master :  — 

According  to  the  ancient  usages  of  our  operative  Order,  the  entered  appren- 
tices were  hewers  of  wood  and  drawers  of  water  for  their  brethren.  While 
learning  the  mysteries  of  the  art,  they  were  the  servants  of  the  craftsmen.  In 
modern  and  speculative  Masonry,  their  position  is  none  the  less  clearly  defined, 
and  on  all  occasions,  private  as  well  as  public,  the  inferior  rank  of  the  class  is 
strictly  and  properly  maintained. 

But  on  this  great  festal  day,  you  have  generously  chosen  to  put  aside  the  tra- 
ditions and  customs  of  the  fraternity,  and  have  gathered  within  the  charmed 
circle  of  your  distinctive  family,  the  youngest  and  lowliest  of  the  Order. 

And  who  could  do  so  courteous  an  act  with  a  higher  grace  than  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge?  None,  it  is  said,  can  so  well  afford  to  ignore  the  distinctions  of  class 
as  he  whose  own  position  is  well  assured.  So  it  was  in  the  olden  time,  when 
Solomon  and  Hiram  of  Tyre  sat  down  in  council  with  good  Hiram  Abiff,  and 
so  to-night,  "  St.  Andrew's  "  bids  Winslow  Lewis  Lodge,  as  yet  unknown  and 
nearly  unheard  of,  take  an  equal  seat  among  her  sisters.  Such  is  the  spirit  of 
Masonry.  Cold  indeed  must  be  the  heart,  and  poor  the  brain  that  cannot  lind 
words  of  acknowledgment  for  an  act  so  unexpected  and  so  gracious. 

Less  than  a  twelvemonth  ago,  a  few  of  us,  children  of  good  old  St.  John's. 
seeing  all  the  Lodges  so  crowded  with  members,  and  so  burdened  with  work, 
that  the  social  element,  the  charm  of  the  association  was  utterly  crushed  out. 
and  the  ritual  of  necessity  neglected,  formed  a  compact  to  withdraw  from 
the  old,  loved  fire-side,  and  to  "  set  up  "  for  ourselves,  to  labor  in  whatever  part 
of  the  Temple  our  hands  might  find  work  to  do.  The  conditions  of  the  com- 
pact were  a  limited  number  of  workmen,  actual  i^roficiency  in  tlie  ritual,  and 
work  and  earnest  cultivation  of  the  social  virtues.  To  this  end  we  souglit  the 
consent  and  approval  of  the  Grand  Lodge. 

Such  a  request  had  not  been  heard  for  fifty  years  ;  and  at  the  unwonted 
sound,  wonder  and  comment  were  excited.     Amid   the  confusion   of  tongues, 


I50  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

the  Grand  Master's  gavel  fell,  and  the  demand  was  heard,  "  What  is  the  cause 
of  that  unusual  commotion  in  the  west  ?  "  The  Deputy  Grand  Master  for  this 
District,  —  a  member  of  your  Lodge,  —  replied  thereto,  by  presenting  our  peti- 
tion. To  the  stern  inquiry,  which  followed,  "  Are  they  properly  avouched  for  ?  " 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  in  token  of  her  sincerity,  and  as  a  pledge  of  her  fidelity, 
laid  her  own  right  hand  on  our  prayer  and  answered  "  I  vouch  for  them."  From 
that  hour  our  request  was  granted.  Since  then,  under  the  prestige  of  his  name, 
whom  all  true  Masons  love  and  delight  to  honor  —  in  honoring  whom  they  en- 
noble themselves  —  we  have  been  testing  the  question,  in  our  feeble  way,  if 
numbers  or  wealth  are  essential  to  the  highest  success  of  a  Lodge  in  this  juris- 
diction. You  have  observed  our  progress  with  unfeigned  interest,  and  have 
heartily  hoped  for  our  success.  Not  content  with  endorsing  our  project,  when 
others  looked  coldly  and  doubtingly  away,  you  loaned  us  clothing  and  tools, 
with  which  to  prosecute  our  work,  and  up  to  this  hour,  you  have  cheered  us 
by  your  countenance  and  counsel. 

You  saw  us  struggling  for  a  principle,  and  you  bade  us  God-speed  ;  you  saw 
us  poor  and  penniless,  and  you  gave  us  material  aid  ;  you  saw  us  obscure  and 
unnoticed,  and  you  have  called  us  up  hither,  and  bidden  us  sit  down  among 
the  most  honored  of  your  guests. 

For  all  this,  as  the  representative  of  Winslow  Lewis  Lodge,  I  offer  you  tlie 
fervent  thanks  of  a  full  heart. 

But,  Worshipful  Master,  I  must  not  be  unmindful  that  the  hour  is  far  spent, 
and  the  call  to  labor  may  surprise  us  in  our  joy,  and  that  there  are  others  to  be 
heard  whose  voices  are  always  music  to  our  ears.  Therefore,  with  your  per- 
mission I  will  offer  a  sentiment :  — 

"  The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  —  Winslow  Lewis  Lodge  proposes  for  herself  no  higher 
aim  than  to  be  accounted  worthy  to  walk  by  her  side,  hatid passibiis  ccqiiis.  May  each 
Centennial  day  find  her  heart  as  young,  as  loyal  and  as  warm,  as  now."     So  mote  it  be. 

Guests  who  were  at  the  head  of  Masonic  bodies,  and  others,  were  called  up  ; 
from  these  gentlemen,  —  in  the  grateful  variety  of  address,  which  is  ever  an 
accustoijied  feature  of  the  Banquets  of  our  Fraternity,  —  came  eloquent,  hearty, 
anon,  most  humorous  responses.  It  would  be  in  vain  to  attempt  to  reproduce 
all  the  felicitous  speeches  which  sped  the  congratulations  of  this  St.  Andrew's 
Eve,  and  it  must  suffice  to  record,  that  in  delicious  measure;  there  reigned 
supreme  the  true  Spirit  of  Masonry. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  151 

Before   "Low   Twelve."  tlie   Worshipful   blasters  gavel  "came  down,""  and 
the  brethren  joined  liands  for  the  :  — 

PARTING   SONG. 

BY   A   iMEMBER   OF   THE   LODGE   OF   ST.    ANDREW. 

AIR  —  A  uld  Lang  Syne. 

Should  aiild  acquaintance  be  forgot, 

And  ne'er  be  brought  to  min'  ; 
The  Brothers  who  ha\e  wavered  not, 
In  days  of  auld  lang  syne  ? 

Chorus.  — For  auld  lang  sync,  my  dear, 
For  auld  lang  syne. 
Our  trustie  frien's  we'll  ne'er  forget. 
For  auld  lang  syne. 

For  many  years,  St.  Andrew's  men 

Have  met  in  mystic  halls. 
And  many  whom  we  used  to  ken 
Respond  not  to  our  calls. 

Chorus. —  For  auld  lang  syne,  my  dear, 
For  auld  lang  syne, 
Nae  frien's  o'  ours  will  we  forget. 
For  auld  lang  syne. 

Green  memory  shall  ever  i)lace 

Upon  their  hallow'd  brows 
The  laurel  chaplets  of  a  race 
Who  always  kept  their  vows. 

Chorus.  —  For  auld  lang  syne,  my  dear, 
For  auld  lang  syne, 
St.  Andrew's  sons  canna  forget, 
For  auld  lang  syne. 

The  hours  we've  passed  since  first  we  met 

Beneath  these  friendly  walls, 
The  social  cheer  we'll  ne'er  forget, 
Nor  e'er  forget  these  halls. 

Chorus.  —  For  auld  lang  syne,  my  dear, 
For  auld  lang  syne  ; 
O  no,  we  never  will  forget, 
For  auld  lang  syne. 


152  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Now  ere  we  part,  no  more  to  meet 

Again  as  we  meet  here, 
O  let  us  all,  dear  friends,  repeat 
A  hearty,  friendly  cheer. 

Chorus.  — For  auld  lang  syne,  my  dear. 
For  auld  lang  syne, 
Ae  hearty,  frien'ly  cheer  repeat, 
For  auld  lang  syne. 

And  when  we  leave  this  festal  board. 

This  scene  to  all  endeared, 
O  let  us  in  our  hearts  record 
The  memories  we  have  reared. 

Chorus.  —  For  auld  lang  syne,  my  dear. 
For  auld  lang  syne. 
This  festal  board  we'll  ne'er  forget. 
For  auld  lang  syne. 

Now  let  us  give  one  fond  adieu. 

Before  we  hence  depart. 
Where  mind  has  interchanged  with  mind, 
And  heart  has  linked  with  heart. 

Chorus.  —  For  auld  lang  syne,  my  dear. 
For  auld  lang  syne. 
We'll  gie  ane  hearty,  fond  adieu. 
For  auld  lang  syne. 

The  Secretary's  record  continues  thus  :  — - 

The  music  and  poetry  were  original  for  this  occasion.  The  singing  was  by  a 
double  quartette  choir,  under  the  direction  of  Bro.  C.  Francis  Chickering,  and 
was  of  a  high  order  of  excellence. 

During  the  banquet,  interspersed  at  intervals,  several  of  the  most  celebrated 
old  English  glees  were  given,  among  them  were  "■  The  Winds  Whistle  Cold," 
"  The  Cough  and  Crow,"  "  Hark,  Apollo."  An  ancient  convivial  table  custom 
was  also  reproduced  at  a  proper  moment  of  the  entertainment,  in  sending  around 
a  dish  of  roast  peacock,  preceded  by  bag-pipes. 

EXTRACTS  FROM  "  ST.  ANDREW'S  "  RECORDS  AT  NEXT  QUARTERLY  COMMUNICA- 
TION. 

On  motion  of  R.  W.  Bro.  J.  R.  Bradford,  it  was  voted  that :  — 


CENTENNIAL     Af  E  M  O  R  f  A  L  .  153 

The  thanks  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  are  eminently  due,  and  are  herebv 
presented  to  Worshipful  Bro.  Hamilton  Willis,  Past  Master,  for  the  very  able 
and  highly  interesting  Oration  delivered  by  him  on  the  occasion  of  the  recent 
'•  Centennial  Festival,"  and  that  this  vote  be  communicated  to  Bro.  Willis  with 
a  request  for  a  copy  of  the  same  for  the  use  of  the  Lodge. 

It  was  also  voted  that :  — 

The  thanks  of  the  Lodge  be  given  to  Brothers  Henry  G.  Clark,  E.  T. 
Wilson  and  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff,  for  the  Ode,  Song,  and  Hymn  written 
by  them  respectively,  for  this  Festival :  — 

That  the  thanks  of  the  Lodge  be  communicated  to  S.  P.  Tuckkrman,  Esq., 
and  G.  H.  Wilcox,  Esq.,  for  their  admirable  musical  compositions  on  the 
occasion  of  the  recent  "  Centennial." 

The  thanks  of  the  Lodge  were  also  presented  to  Bro.  Charles  Francis 
Chickering,  for  valuable  services,  especially  in  the  musical  arrangements;  and 
also  to  each  member  by  name,  of  the  Centennial  Committee. 

Bro.  J.  B.  Smith,  the  celebrated  Boston  caterer,  was  complimented  by  the 
record  of  a  letter  of  thanks  from  the  committee,  in  these  words  : 

Boston,  Dec.  8,  1856. 
To  Mr.  J.  B.  Smith:  — 

The  undersigned,  a  committee  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  of  the  Lodge 
of  Saint  Andrew,  who  had  the  arrangement  of  the  Centennial  Festival  of  the 
Lodge,  held  on  the  evening  of  the  twenty-ninth  day  of  Novemlier  last,  being 
not  only  satisfied,  but  also  gratified  with  the  excellent  manner  in  wliicli  you  per- 
formed your  engagements  in  providing  for  the  banquet,  hereby,  l)y  vote  of  the 
whole  committee,  tender  to  you  their  thanks  and  their  special  expression  of 
approval  and  esteem  for  your  very  successful  efforts  on  tliat  occasion. 

Joiix  R.  Bradford, 
Thos.  W.  Phillips, 
Taos.  Restieaux, 
William  Parkman, 
Sam'l.  p.  Oliver, 
C.  Allen  Browne, 
CiiAs.  W.  Moore, 

Chas.  J.  F.  SlIEiaiAN, 

■-'0 


L  'ciitciniicxl  L  'oiiiutittce 

of  the 
Lodi^c  of  St.  Andrew. 


154 


CENTE  NNIA  L    M  EM  OR  I A  L 


Thus  closed  one  of  the  most  superb  and  complete  celebrations  of  the  kind, 
which  has  ever  taken  place  in  this  country.  The  ample  resources  of  the  Lodge 
were  put  forth  for  the  object  under  the  direction  of  an  able  committee  in  gen- 
erous measure,  and  nothing  occurred  to  mar  the  utmost  fraternal  good  will,  from 
the  beginning  of  the  preparation,  to  the  imposing  final  accomplishment  ;  neither 
was  there  anything  found  to  have  been  omitted,  which  would  have  added  to  the 
taste,  elegance,  and  grand  purpose  of  the  Festival. 

As  an  interesting  Masonic  occasion,  it  was  probably  without  a  parallel  in  the 
annals  of  "The  Order"  in  the  United  States.  In  explanation  of  this  remark, 
something  is  attributable  to  the  rarity  of  the  occurrence  of  a  Centennial  era 
among  the  Lodges  of  this  country  ;  but  chiefly,  congratulations  on  this  au- 
spicious epoch  are  due  to  the  reminiscences  called  up,  in  the  singularly  eventful 
history  of  this  ancient  Lodge,  together  with  its  intimate  connection  with  the 
introduction  of  Freemasonry  into  New  England,  its  essential  work  in  sustaining 
Grand  Lodge  jurisdiction  during  the  struggle  for  the  independence  of  the 
colonies,  and  finally  to  the  sterling  character  and  patriotic  record  of  the  early 
members  of  "  The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew." 


CENTENNIAL    CELEBRATION 


OF    THE    PURCHASE 


OF    THE 


GREEN  DRAGON  TAVERN  ESTATE, 


KY 


THE    LODGE    OF    ST.    ANDREW, 


MARCH      31,       1864 


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CENTE  NX  I A  L     MEMORIAL:  157 

•THE  GREEN  DRAGON  TAVERN, 
FREEMASONS"  ARMS. 

Noted  landmarks,  whicli  call  to  mind  associations  with  the  early  history 
of  a  nation,  always  possess  a  peculiar  interest  to  all  lovers  of'  tlieir  countrv, 
and  the  story  belonging  to  them  is  awakening,  as  well  as  instructive.  Among 
the  tamous  places  of  Boston,  in  past  days,  was  a  widely  known  and  celebrated 
building  called  The  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  situated  on  the  border  of  a  mill 
pond,  in  what  is  now  Union  street,  and  near  tlie  corner  of  Hanover  street ; 
"  in  its  day,"  it  was  the  best  hostelry  of  the  town.  The  celebrity  of  the  ''  Green 
Dragon  "  however,  is  not  now  due  to  any  remembered  excellence  of  hospitable 
entertainment,  but  ibr  the  social  and  political  public  and  private  gatherings  of  the 
people,  —  with  other  interesting  local  incident,  —  for  three  fourths  of  a  century, 
antecedent  to  the  American  Revolution  ;  and  above  all,  for  the  stirring,  patriotic, 
no  less  than  timely  consequential  measures  determined  under  its  roof  by  the 
historic  men  of  'i(>,  who  brought  to  pass  that  memorable  Epoch.  It  was  indeed 
the  cradle  of  "  Rebellion  ;  "  the  chosen  asylum,  where  the  Revolutionary  mis- 
ter spirits, —  who  organized  successtul  resistance  to  British  aggre.ssion  on  the 
liberties  of  the  colonies,  —  took  grave  counsel  together. 

To  the  Masonic  Fraternity  of  Massachusetts,  the  old  "Green  Dragon,"  — 
which,  a  century  ago,  began  to  be  called  also  "  Freemasons'  Arms,"  —  presents 
associations  of  especial  significance.  It  was  here  within  its  walls,  that  the  Free- 
masonry of  this  Commonwealth  was  preserved  in  Grand  Lodge  jurisdiction, 
bright  and  vigorous  ;  where  its  charities,  its  hospitalities,  and  its  good  tidings 
were  kept  up  between  the  years  1775  and  1792,  a  period  which  witnessed  the 
disruption,  by  reason  of  tlie  war  for  Independence,  of  important  branches  of 
the  Order  in  Massachusetts.  Still  furtlier,  this  was  the  scene  of  Warren's 
most  intimate  political  and  .Masonic  associations,  with  the  patriots  and  .Masons 
of  his  time. 

To  the  memix-rs  qf  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  tliis  estate,  —  their  own  mag- 
nificent pos.session  for  more  than  a  iiundred  years,  —  is  endeared  by  ties  which 
run  over  a  still  longer  periofl. 


158  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

No  picture  of  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  of  any  description,  is  known  to  be 
in  existence,  save  the  one  now  presented  in  this  "  Memorial."  This  was  en- 
graved recently  for  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  from  a  model  which  the  Hon. 
■  N.  B.  Shurtleff  prepared  some  years  since,  with  his  usual  accurate  and  thorough 
knowledire  of  ancient  noted  Boston  houses.  From  this  model  in  wood,  with 
much  painstaking  on  the  part  of  the  "  Lodge,"  in  the  way  of  exhibiting  it 
for  criticism  to  old  inhabitants  who  were  familiar  with  the  look  and  details  of 
this  ancient  structure  —  which  was  removed  forty-two  years  ago,  —  the  present 
picture  has  been  made.  It  is  believed  to  be  a  faithful  representation,  and  it 
may  also  be  alifirmed  that  it  is  unanimously  recognized  as  such  by  every  one 
who  is  competent  to  judge. 

FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE  LODGE. 

At  a  Quarterly  Comnumication,  March  24,  1S64,  the  Worshipful  Master,  Edward 
Ste.'VRXS,  called  the  attention  of  the  Lodge  to  the  fact  that  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  was 
purchased  by  this  Lodge,  March  31,  1764,  and  that  Thursday  next,  the  31st  instant, 
would  complete  a  period  of  one  hundred  years  from  the  date  of  the  deed  of  that  estate. 
Whereupon,  on  motion  of  Bro.  Wellington,  it  was 

looted.  That  a  committee  of  five  be  appointed,  with  full  power  to  make  arrangements 
tor  celebrating  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  purchase  of  the  Green  Dragon 
Tavern. 

The  following  brethren  were  appointed:  —  A.  A.  Wellington,  Charles  W^.  Moore, 
J.  R.  Bradford,  Samuel  P.  ( )liver,  and  Isaac  Gary. 

On  motion  of  Bro.  Pahner,  it  was 

Voted,  That  the  above  committee  be  increased  to  eight,  that  being  the  number  of  the 
original  committee  appointed  [anuary  12,  1764,  "to  purchase  a  house  for  the  benefit  of 
the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew." 

The  Worshipful  Master,  Bro.  W^m.  F.  Davis,  Senior  Warden,  and  Bro.  John  P.  Ober, 
were  thereupon  added  to  the  committee. 

THE  FOLLOWING  IS  THE  LODGE  RECORD  OF  THE  CELEBRATION. 

A  special  meeting  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  was  held  in  the  new  Ijuilding  on  the 
"Green  Dragon"  estate,  Union  street,  on  Thursday  evening,  March  31,  1864,  at  6  1-2 
o'clock,  for  the  purpose  of  celebrating  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  purchase  of 
the  Green  Dragon  Tavern. 

An  apartment  in  the  building  was  suitably  decorated  for  the  festival,  and  a  bountiful 
dinner  provided. 


CEN  TE  NNIA  L    M  E .][  O  R I A  L  . 


159 


The  Worsliiphil  Master  presided,  and  in  a  dignitied,  appropriate  address,  invoked  the 
attention  of  the  brethren  to  tiie  ceremonies  of  tlic  evening,  and  to  the  remarks  of  mem- 
bers whom  he  should  call  upon  to  si)eak  upon  the  pleasant  Masonic  memories  suggested 
by  the  spot  whereon  the  Lodge  was  then  assembled,  and  to  the  historical  incidents  con- 
nected with  the  "  ancient  Inn."  After  a  proper  allusion  to  the  distinguished  men  who 
had  held  Masonic  intercourse  together  in  times  past  in  the  hall  of  the  "  Green  Dragon," 
the  Worshipful  Master  called  up   M.  W.  Bro.  Wm.    Pakkmax  :  — 

Who  stated  that  on  the  12th  day  of  January,  1764,  the  Lodge  resolved  by  vote  to 
purchase  a  house  ;  accordingly  Thomas  Milliken,  Sanuiel  liarrett,  Edward  Foster, 
Caleb  Hopkins,  Moses  Deshon,  William  Ilaskins,  Joseph  Webii,  and  John  fenkins 
were  chosen  a  committee  for  that  purpose.  On  the  succeeding  31st  of  ^Lirch,  Catherine 
Kerr,  by  her  deed  of  that  date,  conveyed  in  fee  the  premises  known  as  the  Creen  Dragon 
Tavern,  unto  the  above  named  committee.  The  estate  was  managed  by  committees 
of  the  Lodge  until  1832,  when  the  estate  was  conveyed  to  brothers  Benjamin  Smith, 
Henry  Furkett,  Zephaniah  Sampson,  David  Parker,  Thomas  W.  Phillips,  [ohn  Suter, 
and  Ezekiel  Bates,  to  be  held  by  them  as  trustees  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  the 
Lodge  of  St.  Andrew.  In  January  1852,  Bros.  Smith,  Purkett,  and  Suter  being 
deceased,  a  new  board  of  trustees,  consisting  of  Bros.  David  I'arker,  E.  IJates,  T.  W. 
Phillips,  Z.  Sampson,  J.  P.  Ober,  Thomas  Restieaux,  and  William  Parkinan  were 
chosen,  to  whom  the  premises  were  conveyed  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  tlie  Lodge. 
Bro.  David  Parker  was  chosen  chairman,  Bro.  T.  \V.  Phillips,  treasurer,  and  I'ro. 
Wm.  Parkman,  secretary.  In  1S55  Bro.  Parker  having  removed  from  the  city, 
resigned  as  chairman,  and  Bro.  John  P.  Ober  was  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy.  In  1859 
Bro.  Phillips  died,  and  Bro.  Restieaux  was  elected  treasurer. 

The  Most  Worshipful  Wixslow  Lewis  then  addressed  the  Lodge,  and 
said  that :  — 

By  the  dispensation  of  the  Supreme  Grand  Master,  a  severe  domestic  aflliction  has 
deprived  us  all  of  the  presence  of  Iho.  Charles  W.  Moore,  from  whom  we  should  have 
received  tlie  fullest  information  of  those  memorials  of  the  past,  which  are  so  hallowed 
to  the  memories  of  every  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  ,\n(hew,  who  are  now  assembled 
to  commemorate,  on  this  spot,  the  associations  connected  with  a  locality  dear  to  every 
Masonic  heart,  to  every  patriot's  breast  !  But,  Worshiptul  Master,  our  lirother  Moore, 
though  absent,  and  stricken  by  bereavement,  was  not  willing  to  let  this  Centennial  oc- 
casion pass  by,  without  communicating  such  interesting  facts  relating  to  the  Green 
Dragon  Tavern  as  he  had  from  time  to  time  presersed.  And  I  llierefore  shall,  willi 
your  i)ermission  sir,  read  a  conununication  on  liiis  subject,  wiiich  m_\-  Ihother  Moore 
has  handed  me,  to  l)e  presented  to  the  Lodge  at  this  festival. 


i6o  CEN TE NNIA  L     ME M ORI A  L. 


REMI  N I SCENCES 

OF 

THE  GREEN  DRAGON  TAVERN. 

Witli  perhaps  the  single  exception  of  Faneuil  Hall,  there  was  no  public 
building  in  Boston  at  the  close  of  the  last  century',  which  had  accjuired  a  more 
extensive  notoriety  or  filled  a  larger  place  in  the  local  history  of  the  town,  than 
the  old  "  Green  Dragon  Tavern."  I  need  not  trouble  you  with  any  par- 
ticular description  of  it,  for  that  will  be  given  b}^  one  who  is  pre-eminently  dis- 
tinguished for  his  extensive  and  accurate  knowledge  of  all  the  interesting  hi.s- 
torical  localities  of  the  city. 

We  have  no  record  or  other  authentic  evidence  of  the  fact,  but  there  can  be 
little  doubt  that  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  which  was,  in  its  incipiency,  composed 
largely  of  North-End  men,  originated  and  was  informally  organized  in  the  "  Long 
Room,"  so-called,  in  the  northerly  end  of  this  Tavern,  in  the  year  1752.  It  is 
nevertheless  proper  to  say,  that  this  inference  is  predicated  on  the  known  fact, 
that  it  was  in  this  Hall  that  in  1756  it  was  re-organized  and  commenced  work  under 
a  Charter  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  —  a  circumstance  that  would  not 
have  probably  occurred,  had  not  the  Hall  been  previously  occupied  by  it,  and 
was  then  in  a  condition  suited  to  its  purposes.  And  this  hypothesis  is  strength- 
ened by  the  additional  fact,  that  it  continued  to  hold  its  regular  monthly  meet- 
ings here  until  the  year  18 18,  when  it  was  removed  to  the  Exchange  Coffee 
House. 

It  was  in  this  "  Long  Room,"  also,  where  so  much  of  our  Revolutionary  his- 
tory was  made,  that  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  —  an  x)ffshoot  of  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge  —  with  Joseph  Warren  for  its  Grand  Master,  was  organized 
on  the  27th  of  December,  1769,  and  continued  to  hold  its  meetings  until  its 
union  with  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  in  1792. 

In  1697  the  tavern  was  kept  by  John  Cary,  and  was  at  that  early  day,  and  per- 
haps earlier,  known  as  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern. 

In  1764  the  property  was  purchased  by  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  when  it  took  the 
name  of  '■  Freemasons'  Arms,"  —  the   new  proprietors  having  placed  a  large 


CENTENNI AL_    MEMORIAL.  i6i 

Square  and  Compass  on  the  front  of  tlie  building.  It  however  soon  after 
dropped  this  title,  and  was  more  popularly  known  as  "  Masons'  Hall  ;  "  by 
which  name  it  continued  to  be  masonically  designated  until  the  removal  of  the 
Lodge,  when  it  resumed  its  ancient  title  of  "  Green  Dragon  Tavern." 

On  the  24th  of  June,  1772.  the  festival  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  was  cele- 
brated by  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  by  a  public  procession,  formed  at 
Concert  Hall,  the  brethren  marching  in  full  regalia  to  Christ  Church  in  Salem 
street,  where  "  a  very  suitable  and  pertinent  discourse  was  preached  by  the  Rev. 
Samuel  Fayerweather,  of  Narragansett  ;  "  after  which  they  returned  to  Masons' 
Hall,  and  "  dined  together  in  the  Garden,  under  a  long  Tent  erected  for  that 
purpose  ;  and  the  remainder  of  the  day  was  dedicated  to  mirth  and  social  fes- 
tivity." 

The  Garden  here  spoken  of,  was  in  the  rear  of  the  house,  and  extended 
northerly  to  the  water,  covering  the  ground  now  occupied  by  Mr.  Riddle  as  a 
salesroom.  Our  late  Bro.  Sampson  has  said  to  me  that  he  was  accustomed  in 
his  boyhood  days,  to  fish  for  flounders  at  the  lower  end  of  this  Garden  ;  which,  in 
early  times,  extended  to  what  was  then  known  as  the  "  Mill  Pond," — a  large  basin 
of  salt  water,  cut  off"  from  Charles  river  by  dykes,  and  used  for  Mill  and  other 
purposes.  It  was  here  that  in  the  winter-time  the  "  North-End  Boys  "  and  the 
"West  Enders  "  used  to  fight  their  mimic,  and  not  always  bloodless,  sectional 
battles,  until,  after  the  occurrence  of  several  serious  mishaps,  they  were  inter- 
fered with  and  their  sports  forbidden  by  the  Selectmen  of  the  town.  It  is  hardly 
necessary  to  say  that  the  area  formerly  occupied  by  this  pond  is  now  an  exten- 
sive business  section  of  the  city. 

There  were  present  at  the  above  celebration,  M.  W.  Josici'ii  Warken,  Grand 
Master ;  R.  W.  Joseph  Webb,  D.  G.  M.  ;  Paul  Revere,  S.  G.  W.  pro  tern. ; 
Thomas  Crafts,  J.  G.VJ.  pro  te;n.;  Samuel  Barrett,  G.  Treasurer ;  Wm. 
Palfrey,  G.  Secretary  ;  and  tlie  Masters,  Wardens,  and  Brethren  of  St.  An- 
drew's, Tyrian,  Massachusetts,  and  St.  Peter's  Lodges,  together  with  a  sufficient 
number  of  visitors  to  make  a  company  of  ninety-seven  bretln-en,  which  at 
that  early  day  was  a  very  large  and  full  attendance. 

Public  Masonic  Processions  were  at  this  time  of  rare  occurrence.  One  of  the 
earliest  of  which  we  have  any  record,  took  place  on  St.  John's  Day,  Dec.  27, 
1749,  and  was  the  occasion  of  unusual  curiosity  and  interest  in  tlie  community.  It 
called  fortli  from  a  learned  wit  a  sliort  poem,  in  wliirh  tlie  circumstance  is  treated 


,62  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

with  much  satirical  humor  and  ridicule.  The  author  of  this  poem  was  Joseph 
'  Green,  a  merchant  of  the  town,  and  undoubtedly  an  Anti-Mason,  though  it 
would  be  difficult  to  tell  from  what  motive,  unless  it  was  that  he  had  failed 
to  obtain  admission  into  "  the  Lodge."  But  whatever  the  motive  may  have  been, 
the  poem  is  so  well  done  and  so  keen  in  its  satire,  that  I  do  not  hesitate  to 
quote  a  few  passages  for  your  amusement.  The  marching  of  the  Procession  is 
thus  described :  — 

"  See  !  Buck  before  the  apron'd  throng, 
Marches  with  sword  and  book  along  ; 
The  stately  ram,  with  courage  bold. 
So  stalks  before  the  fleecy  fold. 
And  so  the  gander,  on  the  brink 
Of  river,  leads  his  geese  to  drink." 

The  keeper  of  the  Royal  Exchange  Tavern,  where  masonic  meetings  were  at 
^  one  time  held,  is  taken  notice  of  in  this  wise  :  — 

"  Where  's  honest  Luke?  that  cook  from  London  ; 
For  without  Luke  the  Lodge  is  undone. 
'Twas  he  who  oft  dispell'd  their  sadness, 
And  filled  the  Brethren'' s  hearts  with  gladness. 
Luke  in  return  is  made  a  Brother, 
As  good  and  true  as  any  other. 
And  still,  though  broke  with  age  and  wine, 
Preserves  the  token  and  the  signy 

In  another  place  Luke  comes  in  with  less  credit :  — 

"  The  high,  the  low,  the  great  and  small, 
yames  Perkins  short,  aod  Aston  tall ; 
Johnson  as  bulky  as  a  house, 
And  Wethered  smaller  than  a  louse. 
We  all  agree,  both  wet  and  dry. 
From  drunken  Liike  to  sober  I." 

The  poet  designates  Lewis  Turner  as  "  Pump  Turner^''  probably  from  his  oc- 
cupation. Dr.  Thomas  Aston  figures  as  "  Aston  tall."  Francis  Johonnet  is 
called  "  laughing  Frank,"  and  is  thus  nicely  introduced  :  - — 


CENTENNIAL    .^FEMORIAL.  163 

"  But  still  I  see  a  numerous  train  : 
Shall  they,  alas  !  unsung  remain  ? 
Sage  Hallmvell,  of  public  soul,  • 

And  laughing  Frank,  friend  to  the  bowl  ; 
Meek  Rea,  half  smother'd  in  the  crowd, 
And  Ro'ih',  who  sings  at  church  so  loud."  — 

Aston  was  an  apothecary  and  grocer  ;  Hallouiell,  here  referred  to,  was  prob- 
ably Captain  Benjamin  Hallowell,  an  active  and  influential  Mason  ;  Jo]inRca 
was  a  ship-cliandler,  and  kept  in  Bvitler's  Row  ;  John  Roive,  afterwards  Grand 
Master,  was  a  distinguished  merchant  and  importer,  and  lived  in  Essex  street, 
and  was  the  owner  of  Rowe's  pasture,  through  which  Rowe  street  now  runs  ; 
Buck,  probably  means  Buckley,  a  member  of  the  First  Lodge,  as  were  also 
Henry  Wethered  and  Henry  Johnson. 

Our  brethren,  in  these  early  days  of  the  Institution  in  the  colonies,  were 
more  particular  in  the  observance  of  the  winter  and  summer  festivals  of  the 
Order  (Dec.  27th  and  June  24th)  than  their  successors  have  been.  These  cele- 
brations, however,  were  not  always  public.  On  the  contrary,  I  believe  that  of 
the  24th  of  June,  1772,  was  an  exceptional  case  in  the  history  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Grand  Lodge ;  and,  consequently,  in  tliat  of  our  own  Lodge  ;  for  the 
two  bodies,  on  all  such  occasions,  moved  as  a  unit,  and  held  their  festivals  to- 
gether at  the  Green  Dragon.  I  will  not  occupy  your  time  by  referring  to  them 
in  the  order  in  which  they  took  place,  but  that  of  1773,  being  the  last  with 
which  Gen.  Warren's  name  is  connected  as  being  present,  I  deem  it  wortliy  of 
special  notice  in  tliis  connection  ;  and  tliis  cannot  be  done  more  satisfactorily 
than  in  the  words  of  the  record.  The  annual  communication  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  was  lield  this  year,  on  the  3d  of  December,  and  after  the  ordinary 
business  had  been  disposed  of,  the  record  says  :  — • 

"The  Most  Worshipful  ('.rand  Master  (Warren)  then  desired  the  opinion  of  the  Grand 
Otficers  present,  with  respect  to  Celebrating  the  Feast  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  27di 
Instant. 

"Motioned and  Seconded,  The  Feast  be  Celebrated  the  27th  Instant,  at  Masons'  Hall 
(at  the  Green  Dragon). 

"  Voted,  The  Stewards  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew's,  and  the  Massachusetts 
Lodges,  agree  for  and  provide  the  dinner,  and  that  three  Brethren  be  desired  to  joyn 
the  Stewards. 

"  Voted,  Brothers  Ihuce,  I'roctor  [antl|  Love. 

"  Voted,  The  Festival  be  advertised  in  liie  I'ublic  I'rints." 


i64  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

I  accordingly  find  in  the  "  Boston  Evening  Post,"  of  December  20,  1773,  the 
following  advertisement  : 

"THE  Brethren  of  the  Honorable  Society  of  Free  and  Accepted  MASONS,  are 
hereby  notified,  That  the  Most  Worshipful  JOSEPH  WARREN,  Esq.,  Grand  Master 
of  the  Continent  of  America  ;  intends  to  Celebrate  the  Feast  of  St.  JOHN  the  Evangel- 
ist, on  Monday  the  27th  of  December  Inst,  at  Free  Masons'  Hai.l  (at  the  Green  Drag- 
on), Boston,  where  the  Brethren  are  requested  to  attend  the  Festival. 
By  Order  of  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master. 

Wm.  Hoskiss,  G.  Sec'y. 

"  N.  B.  Tickets  may  be  had  of  Mess.  Nathaniel  Coffin,  junr.,  William  Mollineaux, 
junr.,  and  Mr.  Daniel  Bell. 

"The  Table  will  be  furnished  at  Two  o'clock." 

This  "  Feast"  was  held  in  the  Long  Room  of  the  Green  Dragon  on  the  27th, 
and  the  record  names  as  being  present,  "  M.  W.  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Grand 
Master ;  Hon.  Wm.  Brattle,  Esq.  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  Mather ;  Worshipful 
Joseph  Webb,  Esq. ;  and  thirty-eight  others  including  the  Grand  Officers." 

There  had  formerly  been  some  degree  of  coldness  between  the  two  Grand 
Lodges  in  the  Province  ;  as  was  natural  enough  in  view  of  the  causes  which 
led  to  the  organization  of  the  younger  body.  It  is  therefore  the  more  gratifying 
to  find  on  the  record  such  unmistakable  evidence  of  the  fraternal  feelins:  exist- 
ing  between  them  at  this  time,  as  the  following  :  — 

"The  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master  was  pleased  to  direct  three  Brethren,  viz  : 
Jona.  Williams,  Elisha  Thatcher,  and  H.  Hatch,  to  wait  upon  The  Most  Worshipful 
John  Rowe,  Esq.,  Gd.  Master,  the  Grand  Officers  and  Brethren  at  Their  Feast,  at  Col. 
Ingersoll's  (Bunch  of  Graves  Tavern),  to  acquaint  them,  their  Healths  would  be  drank 
at  half  after  4  o'clock.  The  committee  returned  for  answer,  that  Grand  Master  Rowe 
and  the  Brethren  concerned  would  return  the  Compliment  at  that  period." 

I  give  the  following  summary  of  the  "  Reckoning  "  on  this  occasion  as  a  mat- 
ter of  curious  reminiscence  :  — 

50  dinners  «  3  J 
13  dbtle.  Bowles  Punch,  . 
12  Bottles  Port  a  3  J 
17      do.     Medaira,  a  d,  s 
Advertising      . 


7- 

10  0 

I. 

14  8 

I. 

16  0 

3- 

80 
80 

£ 

14. 

168 

,            , 

12. 

0  0 

• 

2. 

16  0 

Collected — 40  Tickets  ads 
After  Collection 

£\\.  16  o 
"  Punch  "  was  a  favorite  beverage  in  the  days  of  which  we  are  speaking,  and 
very  large  "  double  Punch  Bowles  "  were  a  fashionable,  if  not  a  necessary  ap- 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  165 

pendage  to  the  dinner  table   on   all  public  occasions  ;    nor  were  they  dispensed 
with  until  a  much  later  date. 

Our  late  Bro.  John  J.  Lorin'G  was  initiated  into  Masonry  at  the  Green 
Dragon,  and  used  to  describe,  with  quiet  humor,  the  appearance  of  Bro.  Eben'r. 
Oliver,  —  one  of  the  old-school  North-End  mechanics,  and  the  Closet  Steward 
of  the  Lodge,  —  while  in  the  discharge  of  what  the  brethren  then  doubtless  held 
to  be  one  of  the  most  important  of  his  official  functions.  He  was  a  large,  portly- 
man,  and  without  exaggeration,  might  exclaim  with  Falstaff, 

"  T  am  in  the  waist  two  yards  al)oiit." 


He  was 


fat. 


Sleek-headed,  and  such  as  sleep 
o'  nights " 

"  In  fair,  round  belly,  with  good  capon  lined." 
But  withal  a  most  excellent,  amiable,  and  faithful  brother. 

The  Lodge  having  reached  a  convenient  resting  place  in  its  "  work,"  the 
brethren  were  called  from  labor  to  ?rfres/i//icnt,  —  M\d  refreshment  in  those 
days  was  what  the  word  in  its  common  acceptation  implies.  At  this  interesting 
period  of  the  proceedings,  Bro.  Oliver  never  failed  promptly  to  present  himself 
at  the  door,  in  his  best,  "bib  and  tucker,"  bearing  a  huge  PiincJi  Binvl ! — ^one 
half  resting  on  his  correspondingly  huge  abdominal  protuberance,  the  other 
supported  by  his  brawny  arms.  Thus  prepared  for  the  encounter,  —  the 
brethren  being  seated  "in  order,"  with  their  glasses  in  hand,  —  he,  with  digni- 
fied solemnity,  and  fully  impressed  with  the  magnitude  of  the  business  before 
him,  slowly  commenced  his  tour  of  duty, — paying  his  respects  first  to  the 
Master  in  the  "  East,"  and  then  passing  regularly  around  the  hall,  until  tiie 
members  were  all  supplied,  or  in  the  technical  language  of  the  day,  "  all 
charged^''  and  waiting  the  order  of  the  Master.  He  then  slowly  retired,  with 
the  benedictions  of  his  brethren,  and  a  consciousness  of  having  faithfully  per- 
formed his  share  in  the  "work"  of  the  evening! 

Such  a  scene  would  not  commend  itself  to  favor  at  the  present  time  ;  but  it 
was  one  of  a  class  common,  not  only  in  the  Lodges,  but  with  modifications,  in 
the  social,  civil,  literary  and  religious  societies  of  that  early  day,  wlien 

" 'I'hc  funeral  1)akc{l  meats 

Did  coldly  furnish  forth  the  marriage  tables." 


i66  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

It  was  in  the  "Long  Room"  of  the  Green  Dragon  that  on  the  28th  of 
Auo-ust,  1769,  the  present  St.  Andreiv's  Chapter  w^.?.  organized  as  a  Royal 
Arch  Lodge,  under  the  authority  of  the  Charter  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge.  This 
deo-ree  was  anciently  given  in  Masters'  Lodges  ;  which  arrangement  was  subse- 
quently changed,  and  it  was  conferred  in  Royal  Arch  Lodges,  attached  to  and 
working  under  the  authority  of  the  Charters  of  Craft  Lodges.  The  present 
Constitutions  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland  still  retain  a  nearly  analogous  pro- 
vision in  the  following  words  :  "  Every  Warrant  to  liold  Councils  or  Encamp- 
ments, shall  be  granted  to  some  warranted  or  acknowledged  Lodge  to  which  a 
Royal  Arch  Chapter  Is  attached;  and  shall  not  only  bear  the  same  number,  but 
shall  be  held  in  the  same  place  in  which  the  Lodge  and  Chapter  usually  hold 
their  meetings." 

General  Warren  was  a  member  of  this  Lodge,  and  being  present  in  1770, 
the  year  after  its  organization,  the  record  says  he  "gave  his  opinion  in  favor  of 
holding  (continuing)  the  Royal  Arch  Lodge  until  he  should  receive  instructions 
from  Scotland.  If  then  so  directed,  he  will  grant  them  a  Charter  therefor." 
There  is  no  evidence  that  such  a  charter  was  required  or  issued,  and  the  Lodge 
continued  to  hold  its  meetings  at  the  same  place,  and  under  its  original  authority, 
until  the  25th  of  November,  1790,  at  which  date  we  find  in  the  records  the  fol- 
lowing vote : — 


t> 


Voted,  That  Bro.  INLitthew  Groves  be  a  committee  to  return  the  thanks  of  this  Lodge 
to  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  for  their  politeness  in  granting  us  the  use  of  their  Charter. 

General  Warren,  as  before  stated,  was  a  member  of  the  Royal  Arch  Lodge, 
as  were  also  Col.  Joseph  Webb,  Col.  Paul  Revere,  and  other  prominent  mem- 
bers of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge.  Indeed,  of  the  tweiify-one  members  who  com- 
posed the  Royal  Arch  Lodge  in  1769,  fourteen  of  them  were  members  of  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge.  In  1794  this  Lodge  assumed  the  name  of  a  "  Royal  Arch 
Chapter,"  and  in  1798  it  united  with  King  Cyrus  Chapter  of  Newburyport,  and 
at  Masons'  Hall,  in  the  "  Green  Dragon  Tavern,"  organized  the  Grand 
Royal  Arch  Chapter  of  Massachusetts. 

On  the  17th  of  May,  1770,  the  petitioners  for  "the  Massachusetts  Lodge," 
which  was  a  scion  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  met  at  "  Masons'  Arms,"  in  the 
"Green  Dragon  Tavern,"  and  organized  that  body.  It  held  its  second  meet- 
ing at  the  same  place  on  the  following  4th  of  June,  and  was  then  removed  to 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  167 

"Concert  Hall."  And  on  the  loth  of  November,  1795,  Columbian  Lodije  also 
held  a  meeting  at  the  ''•  Green  Dragon."  These  were  the  only  occasions 
when  the  ''Long  Room"  was  ever  occupied  by  any  other  private  Masonic 
Lodge  tlian  our  own.  Columbian  Lodge  was  at  tliis  date  located  at  Concert 
H.ill,  and  its  occupancy  of  the  room  on  tlie  occasion  referred  to,  was  probably 
a  matter  of  accommodation  to  the  proprietors  of  tliat  establishment,  which  was 
then  the  popular  resort  for  dancing  parties  and  other  social  purposes. 

But  it  is  perhaps  to  the  political  associations  which  cluster  around  its  name, 
that  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  is  more  particularly  indebted  for  its  historic 
celebrity.  It  was  here  that  many  of  the  most  important  and  eventful  of  the 
political  transactions  preceding  the  Revolution  were,  if  not  positively  inaugu- 
rated, discussed,  matured  and  put  in  execution.  That  this  was  so,  is  undoubt- 
edlv  in  some  measure  to  be  accounted  for  by  the  fact,  that  the  Hall  in  the 
building  was  the  only  room  in  the  northern  section  of  the  town,  excepting 
Deblois's  Hall,  on  the  corner  of  Queen  and  Hanover  streets,  which  at  that  time 
was  adapted  to  popular  assemblies  ;  and  by  the  additional  and  perhaps  more 
significant  fact,  that  the  principal  leaders  of  the  Revolution  in  Boston,  were 
members  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  and  many  of  them  of  the  Lodge  which  held 
its  communications  there,  —  a  circumstance  which  would  very  naturally  influ- 
ence them  in  the  selection  of  the  place  for  their  private  consultations.  It  is 
not  however,  to  be  inferred  from  this,  that  they  either  met  as  Masons  or  used 
Masonry  as  a  cover  to  their  purposes  ;  for  others  than  Masons  were  associated 
with  them.  But  be  this  as  it  may,  it  will  not  be  irrelevant  nor  perhaps  wholly 
uninteresting  to  the  members  of  the  Lodge,  to  refer  briefly  to  some  of  the  more 
popular  purposes  to  which  the  Hall,  in  the  early  days  of  its  history,  was  appro- 
priated. 

One  of  the  largest,  and  perhaps  one  of  the  most  efficient  of  the  political  clubs 
which  sprung  into  existence  during  the  troublous  times  of  1768,  and  onward, 
was  that  known  as  "  The  North-End  Caucus."  This  body  was  composed  almost 
exclusively  of  North-End  mechanics,  —  distinguished  for  their  daring  and  ac- 
tivity,—  and  held  its  meetings  in  the  Hall  of  the  "  Green  Dragon  Tavern." 
Warren  who,  Frothingham  says,  "was  idolized  by  the  North-Enders,"  was  an. 
influential  member  of  it,  as  were  Revere  and  others  of  his  personal  friends. 

The  Hall  was  also  used  as  a  central  and  safe  place  for  the  meetings  of  private 
committees   and  rallying  clul)s,  vvitli  which  Warren,  as  chairman  of  the   "Com- 


i68  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

mittee  of  Safety,"  was  in  frequent  consultation,  and  directed  their  movements. 
Barry,  in  his  History  of  Massachusetts,  says:  —  "The  town  (Boston)  was  full 
of  clubs  and  caucuses,  which  were  used  with  effect  to  secure  unity  of  action  ; 
and  the  hardy  mechanics  who  had  done  so  much  to  promote  the  industrial  pros- 
perity of  the  metropolis,  and  who  now  acted  as  patrols,  were  the  steady  sup- 
porters of  the  patriot  cause.  In  vain  were  the  artifices  of  loyalists  employed 
to  seduce  them  to  compliance  with  the  wishes  of  his  excellency ;  and  when 
their  services  were  required  at  the  barracks,  '  all  the  carpenters  of  the  town 
and  country '  left  off  work  ;  and  British  gold  was  powerless  to  tempt  them, 
though  'hundreds  were  ruined,  and  thousands  were  half  starved,'  nay,  they 
went  further,  and  obstructed  the  works  of  the  governor.  His  supplies  of  straw 
were  set  on  fire  ;  his  boats  conveying  bricks  were  sunk  ;  and  his  wagons  laden 
with  timbers  were  overturned." 

The  character  and  services  of  these  important  Clubs  are  well  illustrated  by 
our  Brother  Paul  Revere,  in  his  narrative  of  the  events  of  1775,  when  he  says, 
about  thirty  persons,  chiefly  North-End  mechanics,  had  agreed  to  watch  the 
movements  of  the  British  soldiers  and  the  Tories,  in  anticipation  of  their  de- 
scent on  Concord.  These  patriots  met  at  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern.  "  We 
were  so  careful,"  he  says,  "  that  our  meetings  should  be  kept  secret,  that  every 
time  we  met,  every  person  swore  upon  the  Bible  that  they  (he)  would  not  dis- 
cover any  of  our  transactions,  but  to  Messrs.  Hancock,  Drs.  Warren  and 
Church,  and  one  or  two  more  leaders.  They  took  turns  to  watch  the  soldiers, 
two  by  two,  by  patrolling  the  streets  all  night." 

In  reference  to  this  club,  Elliott,  in  his  history  of  New  England,  has  the  fol- 
lowing :  — "  Among  the  most  active  of  the  Sons  of  Liberty  was  Paul  Revere. 
In  the  Fall  and  Winter  of  1774-5,  some  of  the  best  Boston  mechanics  formed 
themselves  into  a  club,  to  watch  the  doings  of  the  British  soldiers.  They  were 
'High  Sons  of  Liberty,'  and  men  of  action,  who  met  at  the  Green  Dragon 
Tavern  ;  and  every  man  swore  on  the  Bible  that  nothing  should  be  revealed  ex- 
cept to  Samuel  Adams,  John  Hancock,  Dr.  Warren,  and  Dr.  Church  "  (the  latter 
a  traitor).  Revere  was  a  leading  man  in  this  club,  and  was  sent  by  Warren  on 
the  night  of  the  i8th  of  April,  to  notify  Hancock  and  Adams  of  the  movement 
of  the  British  troops  on  Lexington  and  Concord,  at  the  former  of  which  places 
these  two  patriots  were  concealed. 

Another   of  these  Clubs  which   held   their   meetings   at  the   Green    Dragon 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  169 

Tavern,  was  the  "  Caucus  —  Pio  Bono  Publico,'''  of  which  Warren  wa.s  tlie  lead- 
ing spirit,  and  in  which,  says  Elliott,  "  the  plans  of  the  Sons  of  Liberty  were 
matured." 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  no  authentic  record  of  the  names  of  tlie  persons  who 
composed  the  Boston  Tea  Party  in  1774,  has  come  down  to  us.  "  But,"  says 
Frothingham,  "as  Warren  was  presented  to  the  Privy  Council  as  one  of  tlie 
prominent  actors  in  these  proceedings,  and  was  held  up  by  his  political  oppon- 
ents at  home,  as  one  of  the  Mohawks"  and  as  "he  was  not  one  to  siirink  from 
any  post  of  duty,  it  is  not  more  improbable  that  he  was  one  of  the  band  wlio 
threw  the  tea  overboard,  than  that  his  friend  John  Hancock  (captain  of  the 
Cadets)  should  have  been  one  of  the  guard  to  protect  the  actors." 

The  tradition  of  the  Lodge  is,  that  all  the  preliminary  measures  in  this  affair 
were  matured  at  the  Green  Dragon,  and  that  the  execution  of  them  was  com- 
mitted mainly  to  the  members  of  the  North-End  Caucus,  —  that  stalwart  and 
fearless  band  of  North-End  mechanics,  whose  directing  genius  was  Warren,  — ' 
having  the  co-operation  of  the  more  daring  of  the  "  Sons  of  Liberty."  That 
Warren  was  present  as  a  leader  in  the  atTair,  does  not  admit  of  any  serious 
doubt  ;  nor  is  there  any  question  that  his  personal  friends  Samuel  Adams,  John 
Hancock,  Joseph  Webb,  Paul  Revere,  Thomas  Melville,  Adam  Collson,  Henry 
Purkett  (wlio  used  modestly  to  say  he  was  present  only  as  a  spectator,  and  in 
disobedience  to  the  orders  of  his  Master,  who  was  actively  present),  and  other 
patriots  of  the  day,  were  cognizant  of  it,  —  and  some  of  whom  at  least  are  known 
to  have  participated  in  its  final  consummation.  It  was  the  first  act  in  the  great 
drama,  the  conclusion  of  which  was  the  independence  of  the  country. 

The  "  Master  "  referred  to  above,  with  whom  our  late  Bro.  Purkett  served  his 
apprenticeship,  was  Samuel  Peck,  a  cooper  by  trade,  and  one  of  the  leading  and 
influential  members  of  the  "North-End  Caucus."  He  was  also  an  active  mem- 
ber of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge, — a  connection  which  strengthens  the  tradition  of 
the  Lodge,  that  the  table  for  the  famous  Tea  Party  was  first  spread  in  its  "  Long 
Room."  Among  tlie  members  of  the  Lodge,  who  are  known  to  have  taken  an 
active  part  in  the  affair,  were  Adam  Collson,  Thomas  Chase,  Samuel  Gore, 
Daniel  Ingollson,  Samuel  Peck,  Edward  Proctor,  Henry  I'urkitt,  and  Thomas 
Urann. 

I  have  looked  in  vain  for  a  copy  of  an  old  revolutionary  song  said  to  have 
been  written   and   sung  as  a  "rallying  song"  by  the   "tea  jxirty  "  at  the  (Jreen 

22 


lyo  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Dragon.     The  following  fragment,  though  probably  not  in  all  respects  an  exact 
transcript  of  the  original,  will  indicate  its  general  character  :  — 

Rally,  Mohawks  !  —  bring  out  your  axes  ! 
And  tell  King  George  we'll  pay  no  taxes 

On  his  foreign  tea  ! 
His  threats  are  vain  —  and  vain  to  think 
To  force  our  girls  and  wives  to  drink 

His  vile  Bohea  ! 
Then  rally  boys,  and  hasten  on 
To  meet  our  Chiefs  at  the  Green  Dragon. 

Our  Warren's  there,  and  bold  Rkvere, 
With  hands  to  do  and  words  to  cheer 

For  Liberty  and  Laws  ! 
Our  country's  "  Braves  "  and  firm  defenders. 
Shall  ne'er  be  left  by  true  North-Enders, 

Fighting  Freedom'' s  eanse  ! 
Then  rally  boys,  and  hasten  on 
To  meet  our  Chiefs  at  the  Green  Dragon. 
******** 

I  regret  not  being  able  to  give  the  balance  of  this  song,  but  perhaps  some 
curious  antic^uary  may  hereafter  discover  it,  if  it  ever  appeared  in  print.  I  am 
inclined  to  think,  however,  that  it  was  a  doggerel  made  for  the  occasion,  and 
passed  away  w^hen  it  ceased  to  be  of  use,  or  appropriate.  The  two  stanzas  I 
have  re-produced,  are  given  as  nearly  as  my  memory  serves,  as  they  were  often 
recited  more  than  a  third  of  a  century  ago,  by  the  late  Bro.  Benjamin  Gleason, 
who,  born  near  the  time,  was  curious  in  gathering  up  interesting  reminiscences 
of  the  revolutionary  period  of  our  history. 

In  January  1788,  a  meeting  of  the  mechanics  and  artisans  of  Boston,  was 
held  at  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  and  there  passed  a  series  of  resolutions 
urging  the  importance  of  adopting  the  Federal  Constitution,  then  pending 
before  a  Convention  of  delegates  from  the  different  parts  of  the  State.  Hon. 
Daniel  Webster,  in  a  speech  delivered  by  him  at  Andover,  in  the  autumn 
of  1843,   referring  to   this   meeting  and   these   resolutions,  holds   the   following 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  171 

language:  -'There  was  a  particular  set  of  resolutions,  founded  on  this  very 
idea  of  favoring  home  productions,  full  of  energy  and  decision,  passed  by  the 
mechanics  of  Boston.  And  where  did  the  mechanics  of  Boston  meet  to  pass 
them?  Full  of  the  influence  of  these  feelings,  they  congregated  at  the  HEAD- 
QUARTERS OF  THE  Re\'OLUTION.  I  sct\  waviitg  aino7ig  the  banners  before  w^, 
tliat  of  tJie  ^^/cif  Green  Dragon.  It  was  tJiere,  in  Union  street,  that  John  Gray, 
Paul  Revere,"'  — both  members  of  the  Lodge,  —  "and  others  of  their  class,  met 
for  consultation.  There,  with  earnestness  and  enthusiasm,  they  passed  their 
resolutions.  A  committee  carried  them  to  the  Boston  delegation  in  the  Conven- 
tion," then  in  session.  Paul  Revere,  whom  Mr.  Webster  in  a  previous  address, 
delivered  on  another  occasion,  says,  was  ''  a  man  of  sense  and  character,  and  of 
high  public  spirit,  whom  the  mechanics  of  Boston  ought  never  to  forget,"  was 
chairman  of  this  committee.  He  placed  them  in  the  hands  of  Samuel  Adams. 
"  How  many  mechanics,"  said  Mr.  Adams,  "  were  at  the  Green  Dragon  when 
these  resolutions  were  passed  ?  "  "  More,  sir,"  was  the  reply,  "  than  the  Green 
Dragon  could  hold."  "  And  where  were  the  rest,  Mr.  Revere  ? "  "  In  the 
streets,  sir."  "  And  how  many  were  in  the  streets  ?  "  "  More,  sir,  than  there 
are  stars  in  the  sky." 

The  late  Hon.  Edward  Everett,  in  an  address  on  the  Battle  of  Lexington, 
delivered  at  Lexington  on  the  19th  of  April,  1835,  speaking  of  the  patriot  Samuel 
Adams,  says  :  — 

"  He  was  among  the  earliest  and  ablest  writers  on  the  patriotic  side.  He  caught  the 
plain,  downright  style  of  the  Commonwealth  in  Great  Britain.  More  than  most  of  his 
associates,  he  understood  the  efficacy  of  personal  intercourse  with  the  people.  It  was 
Samuel  Adams,  more  than  any  other  individual,  who  brought  the  question  home  to  their 
bosoms  and  firesides;  not  by  profound  disquisitions  and  elaborate  reports,  —  though 
these  in  their  place  were  not  spared, — Init  in  the  caucuses,  the  club  rooms,  at  the  Green 
Dragon,  in  the  ship-yards,  in  actual  conference,  man  to  man  and  heart  to  heart." 

The  Old  .South  Church  was,  in  these  stirring  times,  called  by  the  patriots,  the 
Sanctuary  of  Freedom ;  while,  on  the  other  hand,  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern 
was  denounced  l)y  the  Tories  as  a  Ah'st  of  Traitors  !  The  distinction  in  these 
appellations  is  moi^e  obvious  than  the  difference  !  Tiie  enemies  of  the  tyranni- 
cal and  oppressive  measures  of  the  government,  were  all  eitiier  patriots  or 
traitors,  according  to  the  standard  b\'  which  they  were  tried. 


172  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

I  give  these  anecdotes  as  striking  and  forcible  illustrations  of  the  popular 
character  of  the  Green  Dragon,  and  of  the  important  part  which  the  mechanics 
of  the  North-End  played  in  public  affairs,  at  that  day.  It  is  not  however,  to  be 
inferred  that  the  mechanics  residing  in  other  sections  of  the  town  were  inactive. 
That  tlie  former  appear  more  prominently  than  others  of  their  class,  is  probably 
"owing  to  the  circumstance  that  the  North-End  was  then  the  business  part  of  the 
town,  and  where  most  of  the  mechanical  trades  were  carried  on. 

After  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  when  the  occasion  for  political 
clubs,  and  other  secret  jDolitical  associations,  had  passed  away,  the  hall  was 
used  for  more  pacific  and  social  purposes  ;  and  1  have  often  heard  our  late 
Brother  James  Washburn,  a  sterling  North-End  mechanic,  felicitate  himself 
that  he  was  not  only  there  initiated  into  Masonry,  but  that  he  was  there  also  in- 
itiated into  what  he  used  facetiously  to  call  the  "  Terpsichorean  Mysteries"  or, 
in  less  classical  language,  that  he  there  received  his  first  lessons  in  dancing  ! 
The  fact  shows  that  the  hall  was  at  the  time  used  as  a  dancing  academy.  There 
were  probably  others  among  the  old  members  of  the  Lodge  who  might  have 
shared  this  honor  with  him,  but  I  am  not  able  to  give  their  names. 

About  the  year  1789,  Mr.  Benjamin  Dearborn,  long  and  favorably  known  to 
our  citizens  as  an  ingenious  scientific  mechanic,  and  manufacturer  of  scales, 
removed  from  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  and  occupied  the  "  Long  Room  "  as  an  acad- 
emy. He  subsequently  purchased  a  part  of  what  was  then  known  as  "  Wake- 
field's garden  lot,"  l^etween  Milk  and  Franklin  streets,  and  there  erected  a 
building  better  suited  to  his  purpose,  and  opened  a  large  and  popular  school, 
which  he  continued  for  some  years,  when  he  gave  it  up  and  devoted  his  entii^e 
attention  to  scientific  and  mechanical  pursuits. 

On  the  1 8th  of  October  1764,  Mr.  Robert  Sandenian.  a  native  of  Perth,  in 
Scotland,  whose  writings,  as  a  religious  reformer,  had  excited  a  deep  interest 
among  some  of  the  people  of  the  town,  arrived  here  direct  from  Glasgow,  and 
on  the  following  Sunday  preached  his  first  sermon  in  America,  at  "  Masons' 
Hall,"  in  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern.  P'or  some  reason,  not  now  known,  he 
afterwards,  for  a  short  time,  held  his  meetings  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Edward 
Foster  in  Black  Horse  Lane,  near  Prince  Street;  but  his  followers  becoming 
more  numerous,  he  returned  to  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  where  he  remained 
until  his  society  built  a  house  for  themselves  near  the  "Mill  Pond."  This 
house  was  burned  in  1773.     The  society  however,  continued  to  hold  its  meetings 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  173 

until  1823,  when  it  was  dissolved.  The  worshippers  were  denominationally 
known  as  the  Saiidcinaiiiuiis. 

It  is  more  than  probable  that  the  hall  was  frequently  used  for  other  similar 
purposes  by  the  people  residing  in  the  section  of  the  town  where  it  was  located, 
of  which,  however,  there  are  no  reliable  data.  Public  halls  were  not  so  common 
then  as  now,  in  proportion  to  the  population,  or  what  should  seem  to  have  been 
the  public  requirements.  Had  the  fact  been  otherwise,  Mr.  Sandeman,  at  the 
most  exciting  period  of  his  mission,  would  not  probably  have  been  put  to  the 
necessit)'  of  holding  his  meetings  at  a  private  house.  Enough  however,  has 
been  preserved  to  indicate  the  purposes  for  which  the  hall,  through  a  long 
and  interesting  series  of  years,  was  princijaally  occupied,  ^enough  to  show 
that  if  Faneuil  Hall  was  the  "  Cradle  of  Liberty,"  many  of  the  children  rocked 
in  it  were  born  at  the  Green  Dragon  ! 

It  may,  I  think,  be  safely  assumed,  that  trom  the  year  1767,  when  the  Town- 
shend  Revenue  Acts  were  passed,  imposing  a  Tax  on  Tea,  creating  a  Board  of 
Customs,  and  legalizing  Writs  of  Assistance,  to  the  close  of  the  War  of  Inde- 
pendence, there  was  not  another  public  house  in  the  whole  country,  and  as- 
suredly not  in  Massachusetts,  where  so  much  of  the  "secret  history"  of  the 
Revolutionary  period  was  made,  as  at  the  old  Green  Dragon  Tavern  ;  and  it  is 
to  be  deeply  regretted  that  the  subject  was  not  attended  to  when  that  history 
could  have  been  intelligently  and  reliably  written.  It  is  now  too  late.  The 
patriotic  men  who  alone  could  have  furnished  the  material  have  passed  away,  — 
and  they  have  taken  their  "secret"  with  t  lie  in. 

When  Mr.  Webster,  who  was  perhaps  better  read  in  the  early  local  history 
and  events  of  the  Revolutionary  period  than  any  other  public  man  of  his  time, 
described  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  as  the  "  Head-Ouarteks  of  the  Revo- 
lution," he  wrote  the  title  page,  and  opened  a  volume,  which,  if  written  as  he 
alone  could  have  written  it,  woidd  have  been  an  addition  to  the  early  political 
annals  of  the  Commonwealth  of  surpassing  interest  and  importance. 


174  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 


SPEECH  OF  DR.  N.  B.  SHURTLEFF. 

Brother  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleft'  was  next  called  upon,  and  rising,  spoke  sub- 
stantially as  follows  — 

Worshipful  Master:  — 

It  is  with  much  pleasure  that  I  find  myself  in  a  meeting  of  the  Lodge  at  this 
place.  The  site  is  not  only  dear  to  me  for  its  association  with  the  early  days  of 
this,  our  small  band  of  brothers  of  the  mystic  rite,  and  also  with  the  large  fra- 
ternity of  Massachusetts  Freemasons  ;  but  its  very  intimate  connection  with 
remarkable  events  in  the  history  of  the  municipality  in  which  I  was  born,  and 
where  I  have  resided  all  my  days,  make  it  especially  an  object  of  peculiar 
interest  to  me,  independent  of  all  other  considerations.  Distinguished  as  it  is, 
and  ever  will  be,  as  one  of  the  most  noted  landmarks  of  this  ancient  metropolis 
—  a  spot  where,  in  the  olden  time,  the  fathers  of  the  town  were  wont  to  meet  in 
social  gathering,  and  where  the  Sons  of  Liberty  of  the  times  that  tried  men's 
souls,  held  their  secret  meetings  for  consultation,  and  enkindled  that  flame  of 
patriotism  that  gave  birth  to  the  confederation  of  the  North  American  colonies, 
and  consequently  to  the  freest  government  that  the  world  has  ever  known  and 
acknowledged  —  the  spot  whereon  we  are  now  collected,  has  remembrances  that 
hallow  every  inch  of  ground  connected  with  this  time-honored  estate. 

It  is  well,  my  brothers,  that  we  are  here  to-day.  It  is  well  that  we  recognize 
in  this  social  manner  the  provident  forethought  of  the  fathers  of  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge.  I  think  it  will  be  better,  however,  if  we  emulate  their  example  of 
thrift,  patriotism  and  good-fellowship,  and,  as  we  partake  of  the  bounties 
which  then-  foresight  has  provided,  and  grateful  for  the  benevolence,  we  resolve 
most  sacredly  to  transmit  to  our  successors  an  undiminished  heritage,  which 
shall  produce  for  them,  as  it  has  for  us  and  those  who  have  preceeded  us,  rich 
harvests  of  comfort,  pleasure,  and  charity. 

Perhaps,  brothers,  you  may  be  able  to  form  a  better  idea  of  the  length  of  time 
that  this  estate  has  been  in  the  jDOSsession  of  the  Lodge,  if  I  call  your  attention 
to  the  old  English  elms  that  now  skirt  the  street  in  front  of  the  Granary  Burial 
Ground,  and   tell  you   that   those   noble   trees  were   but  striplings  of  two  years 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  175 

growth  when  this  estate  was  purchased  by  our  predecessors.  I  might  also  tell 
you  that  Boston,  at  the  time  of  the  purchase,  was  a  small  town  of  less  than  six- 
teen thousand  inhabitants,  scarcely  enough  for  one  of  the  present  wards, 
whereas  now  it  can  count  a  population  of  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  million  of  souls  ; 
and  that  our  now  powerful  country  a  hundred  j-ears  ago  was  but  a  collection  of 
small  colonies  owning  allegiance  to  a  foreign  power,  which  it  has  since  rejoiced 
over  as  a  conqueror  in  two  wars  fought  most  bravely  for  liberty  and  for  the  free- 
dom of  the  seas,  ^\'ilat  changes  have  taken  place  in  America,  and  1  may  also 
say,  throughout  the  whole  world,  during  these  eventful  years  !  \Vhat  an  example 
has  our  beloved  country  placed  before  the  nations  of  the  earth  !  And  who,  may 
I  ask,  were  the  men  that  gave  character  and  energy  to  the  endeavors  that  pro- 
duced the  results  that  brought  about  these  changes  ?  They  were.  I  answer,  our 
own  brethren  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  —  the  very  men,  wOio  upon  our  altars  con- 
secrated themselves  to  noble  works  and  high  Christian  charities,  and  who,  with 
the  best  attributes  of  human  nature,  true  patriotism  and  love  of  liberty,  have  by 
their  words  and  heroic  deeds  made  their  names  illustrious  wherever  the  love  of 
country  and  of  the  human  race  is  known  and  appreciated. 

Through  all  these  years,  when,  perhaps,  at  times  darkness  and  gloom  were  as 
well  known  and  felt,  as  were  the  more  happy  days  of  peace  and  good  fellowship 
enjoyed,  the  Lodge  has  remained  true  to  itself  and  to  Freemasonrv.  Humble 
in  its  origin  —  a  North-End  notion  perchance  —  it  was  in  its  early  days  more 
known  for  its  worth  than  for  its  wealth.  Its  members  were  the  sturdy  sons  of 
the  town,  —  industrious,  honest,  and  given  to  good  deeds  of  brotherly  love, 
charity  and  hospitality.  They  have  passed  along  in  their  unpretending  ways 
of  duty.  They  have  fulfilled  their  obligations  to  Masonry,  to  their  families  and 
to  their  fellow-beings.  They  have  not  sought  distinction  nor  honors,  although 
these  unbidden  have  fixed  their  everlasting  marks  upon  many  of  them.  May 
the  sons  emulate  the  virtues  and  good  characteristics  of  the  fathers  !  And  may 
they  leave  an  inheritance  of  name  as  worthy  of  transmission,  as  that  is  estimable 
that  they  have  received,  and  which  they  cherish  so  much,  so  honorably  and  so 
dearly  I 

Perhaps  a  brief  sketch  of  tlie  old  Green  Dragon  Tavern  estate,  the  heirloom 
of  the  Lodge,  may  not  be  inappropriate  wilii  the  objects  of  this  present  cele- 
bration. If  so,  if  you  will  bear  with  me  a  few  minutes,  I  will  give  you  some 
particulars  which  may  not  ])e  generally  known  to  the  brellircn. 


176  CE  NTENNTAL     MEMORIAL. 

Only  a  few  steps  from  Hanover  street,  in  that  portion  of  Union  street  which 
leads  towards  the  site  of  the  old  mill  pond,  formerly  stood  an  ancient  building 
of  considerable  notoriety,  known  in  the  olden  time  as  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern, 
and  even  until  quite  recently  retaining  this  distinctive  name.  It  was  early 
a  noted  landmark  even  in  the  tirst  century  of  Boston's  history ;  and,  as  time 
wore  on,  it  became  as  famous  as  any  private  edifice  —  if  such  it  could  be  called 
considering  the  public  uses  to  which  it  was  frequently  put  —  that  could  be  found 
upon  the  peninsula.  If  its  early  occupancy  and  use  brought  it  into  notice,  so 
also  was  new  fame  added  to  that  which  it  had  already  acquired  by  the  patriotic 
gatherings  held  within  its  sombre  walls  during  the  darkest  days  of  the  American 
Revolution,  when  Samuel  Adams,  James  Otis,  Joseph  Warren,  Paul  Revere, 
and  other  true  sons  of  liberty,  in  their  secret  councils  planned  the  deliverance 
of  their  country  from  thraldom  and  the  grievous  oppressions  of  Great  Britain. 

This  old  relic  of  ancient  times  disappeared  from  its  lot  near  the  close  of  the 
last  year  of  the  mayoralty  of  the  elder  Ouincy  ;  and  its  appearance  is  fast  fading 
out  of  the  remembrance  even  of  those  who  in  their  early  years  were  well  acquainted 
with  its  most  hidden  recesses.  The  estate  on  which  it  stood  now  belongs  to 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge  of  Freemasons,  and  its  history  can  be  traced  back  to  the 
first  settlement  of  the  town.  It  is  a  portion  of  the  three-quarters  of  an  acre  of 
marsh  and  upland  originally  granted  to  James  Johnson,  a  glover,  who  settled 
in  Boston  as  early  as  the  year  1635,  and  who  was  distinguished  among  his 
contemporary  townsmen  as  a  deacon  of  the  church,  and  as  captain  of  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  1656,  —  a  company  which  by  its  age  and  ancient  renown  has 
acquired  the  designation  of  the  "  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company." 
The  property  is  first  mentioned  in  1643,  in  the  Book  of  Possessions  of  the  first 
settlers  of  the  town,  on  the  twentieth  page,  and  is  there  described  as  "  three- 
quarters  of  an  acre  of  marsh  &  upland,  bounded  with  the  Cove  on  the  North 
&  the  East,  John  Smith,  West,  &  John  Davies,  South."  The  Cove  is  elsewhere 
in  the  volume  quoted,  called  the  "  Cove  or  Mill  Pond  ; "  and  the  contiguous 
estate  on  the  south,  which  separated  Mr.  Johnson's  estate  from  the  street  (now 
Hanover  street),  was  the  original  grant  made  to  John  Davies,  a  joiner,  consisting 
of  a  house  and  garden.  Davies,  on  the  twenty-eighth  of  June,  1645.  conveyed 
his  house  and  garden  to  John  Trotman,  whose  wife  Katherine,  as  the  attorney 
of  her  husband,  sold  the  same  on  the  same  day  to  Thomas  Hawkins,  of  Boston, 
at  that  time  a  noted  biscuit  Ijaker,  but  subsecjuently  an  innholder,  and  on  this 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  177 

lot  was  a  few  j-ears  afterwards  built  the  ''  Star  Inn,"  probal)ly  kept  in  those  early 
days  successively  by  Mr.  Hawkins  and  his  goodwife  Rebecca,  John  Howlet 
and  his  wife  Susanna,  and  Andrew  Neal  and  his  wife  Milicent.  The  Neals  died 
in  possession  of  the  corner  about  1709,  having  purchased  it  of  Howlet's  widow, 
who  bought  it  of  Hawkins  ;  and  the  estate  passed  from  their  heirs  by  sale  to 
John  Borland,  who  in  his  turn  passed  it  down  to  Francis  Borland,  Esq. 

After  Mr.  Hawkins  had  come  in  possession  of  the  Davies  lot,  he  became 
desirous  of  obtaining  the  Johnson  lot  also  ;  and  subsequently  purchased  it  of 
Mr.  Johnson,  through  tlie  intervention  of  his  cordwainer,  Thomas  Marshall, 
on  the  tenth  of  October,  1662.  Hawkins  soon  began  keeping  an  inn  upon  his 
newly  acquired  estate,  and  probably  put  additional  buildings  on  the  lot,  as  he 
subsequently  mortgaged  it  to  Rev.  Thomas  Thacher,  the  future  pastor  of  the 
Old  South  Church  (just  establishing),  on  the  sixth  of  December,  1667  ;  and,  on 
the  twenty-ninth  of  May,  1671,  Thacher,  who  had  married  the  widow  of  Jacob 
Sheafe,  the  most  opulent  Bostonian  of  his  day,  assigned  the  mortgage  to  Samp- 
son Sheafe,  Esq.,  who  had  married  Elizabeth,  one  of  the  daughters  of  his  wife.* 
Mr.  Hawkins  put  a  second  mortgage  on  his  estate  on  the  fifteenth  of  June,  167 1, 
to  secure  money  borrowed  of  Mr.  Sheafe,  and  died  in  the  latter  part  of  the  year 
167 1,  and  his  widow  Rebecca  (his  second  wife)  rehnquished  her  right  of  dower 
on  the  sixteenth  of  January,  1671-2,  the  estates  having  been  forfeited  to  Mr. 
Sheafe  for  non-fulfilment  of  the  payments.  Sometime  previous  to  the  fifteenth 
of  June,  1676,  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  estate  passed  into  the  possession  of 
William  Stoughton,  a  man  having  excellent  traits  of  character,  although  in  a 
judicial  capacity,  which  he  held  before  his  appointment  as  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  the  Province,  he  was  most  wickedly  intolerant  in  the  trials  of  the  miscalled 
witches  ;  for  which  cruelty  and  barbarism  his  gift  of  Stoughton  Hall  to  Harvard 
College  will  not  in  the  slightest  degree  compensate. 

Lieutenant-Governor  Stoughton,  the  son  of  Israel  Stoughton,  of  Dorchester, 
was  a  person  of  considerable  ability.  He  was  educated  at  Harvard  College, 
graduating  in  1650,  and  he  passed  some  time  in  studying  for  tlic  ministry,  but 
relinquished  the  design  of  becoming  a  preacher  after  having  delivered  the  annual 
election  sermon  in  1668,  preferring  the  field  of  politics  to  that  of  religion.  In 
May,  1692,  he  entered  upon  llie  duties  of  Lieutenant-Governor,  liaving  been  ap- 
jjointed  to  the  jjosition  under  the  second  Massachusetts  Charter  establishing 
tlie  i'rovince,  at   the   same  time  that  Sir  William  I'hips  was  commissioned  as 


178  CE N TE NNIA  L    ME M ORIAL. 

Governor.  In  November,  1694,  on  the  return  of  Governor  Phips  to  England, 
he  became  acting  governor,  performing  the  duties  until  the  arrival  of  the  Earl 
of  Bellomont  in  May,  1699;  and  succeeding  him  in  the  same  capacity  in  July, 
1700,  and  so  continuing  until  the  seventh  of  July,  1701,  when  he  died  at  the  age 
of  about  seventy  years.  He  died,  possessed  of  a  large  landed  property  in  Bos- 
ton, comprising  in  part  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  estate,  the  Star  Inn  estate, 
and  the  old  Blue  Ball  estate  where  the  father  of  Franklin  resided  after  the  birth 
of  the  great  Bostonian,  —  the  last  named  estates  being  at  the  opposite  corners 
of  Hanover  and  Union  streets.  He  devised  this  property  to  his  nieces,  the 
Green  Dragon  Tavern  and  Franklin  corners  falling  to  Mehitible,  the  wife  of 
Captain  Thomas  Cooper,  the  father  of  Rev.  William  Cooper,  one  of  the  early 
pastors  of  Brattle  Square  Church.  Mrs.  Cooper  was  a  very  distinguished  per- 
son. She  was  the  daughter  of  James  Minot,  of  Dorchester,  by  his  wife  Hannah, 
the  sister  of  Lieutenant-Governor  Stoughton,  and  was  born  in  Dorchester  on 
the  seventeenth  of  September,  1668.  Captain  Cooper,  her  husband,  died  at  sea 
in  1705,  and  she  married  for  her  second  husband  Peter  Sargeant,  Esq.,  he  who 
built  for  his  mansion  house  the  old  Province  House.  On  the  death  of  Mr. 
Sargeant  on  the  eighth  of  February,  17 14,  she  married  her  third  husband, 
Simeon  Stoddard,  Esq.,  who  died  on  the  fifteenth  of  October,  1730,  in  his 
eightieth  year,  leaving  her  a  third  time  a  widow  in  her  sixty-second  year.  Mrs. 
Mehitible  Stoddard  died,  a  widow,  on  the  twenty-third  of  September,  1738.  At 
the  time  of  Mr.  Cooper's  death  in  1705,  the  Green  Dragon  estate  was  valued  at 

On  the  eighteenth  of  August,  1743,  about  five  years  after  the  decease  of  Mrs. 
Stoddard,  her  son,  Rev.  William  Cooper,  sold  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  estate 
to  Dr.  William  Douglass,  not  only  a  noted  physician,  but  also  the  author  of  the 
very  celebrated  "Summary"  of  New  England  History.  Dr.  William  Douglass 
was  born  in  GiflFord,  in  the  County  of  Haddington,  a  short  distance  from  Edin- 
burgh, Scotland,  and  died  in  Boston  the  twenty-first  of  October,  1752,  aged,  as 
nearly  as  can  be  ascertained,  about  sixty  years.  He  came  to  Boston  in  1716, 
but  did  not  make  a  permanent  settlement  here  until  the  year  171 8.  He  first 
dwelt  in  Hanover  street,  near  Mr.  Welstead's  meeting-house  ;  but  at  his  de- 
cease the  house  in  Green  Dragon  Lane  was  styled  his  mansion  house,  and  was 
the  only  one  on  the  estate  not  let  by  him  to  tenants.  His  father  George  was  a 
portioner  (distributor  of  tithes)  in   Gifford,  near   Edinburgh,  and   the   factor  of 


CENTE  NNIA  L     M  E  M  O  R  I A  L  . 


179 


John,  Marquis  of  Tweedale.  His  father's  children  were  :  CorneUus  (a  surgeon 
and  portioner)  who  had  a  son  CorneHus  (a  joiner)  who  removed  to  Boston  after 
the  decease  of  Dr.  Wilh'am  Douglass  ;  Dr.  William,  the  second  child  ;  George, 
who  died  in  youth  ;  and  Catherine,  who  married  a  person  named  Kerr  (some- 
times written  Carr),  and  who  came  to  Boston  with  her  nephew,  and  afterwards 
married  a  ;\Ir.  Robinson.  Catherine  Kerr,  the  sister,  and  Cornelius  Douglass, 
the  nephew  of  Dr.  William  Douglass,  shared  his  property  equally  by  a  division 
made  the  twenty-seventh  of  September,  1754,  and  recorded  with  Suffolk  deeds. 
Lib.  88,  fol.  76.  Dr.  Douglass  left  about  ^3,185.  Over  twenty  dozen  gloves  were 
bought  for  his  funeral. 

In  this  noted  old  house  Dr.  Douglass  wrote  his  famous  books,  and  in  it  he 
died.  By  an  agreement  of  his  heirs,  made  the  twenty-seventh  of  September, 
1754,  and  recorded  with  the  SutTolk  Records,  the  old  mansion  house  fell  to 
Catherine  Kerr,  and  she,  a  widow,  by  deed  dated  the  thirty-first  of  March,  1764, 
conveyed  it,  for  the  consideration  of  ^466  13^-.  4.1/,  to  Moses  Deshon  and  others, 
members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  of  Freemasons.  Since  this  date  the  estate 
has  been  in  the  possession  of  the  Lodge. 

The  old  tavern  stood  on  the  left  side  of  the  street,  formerly  called  Green 
Dragon  Lane,  now  the  northerly  portion  of  Union  street,  leading  from  Hanover 
street  to  the  old  mill  pond,  now  filled  up  and  built  upon.  It  was  built  of  brick, 
and  in  its  latter  days  was  painted  of  a  dingy  color.  In  front  it  showed  only  two 
stories  and  an  attic  ;  but  in  the  rear,  from  the  slope  of  the  land  and  the  peculiar 
shape  of  the  roof,  three  stories,  with  a  basement,  were  perceptible.  It  covered 
a  piece  of  land  fifty  feet  in  front  and  thirty-four  in  depth,  and  had  connected 
with  it  a  large  stable  and  other  out-buildings.  In  recent  times  the  lower  story 
was  used  as  the  common  rooms  of  a  tavern,  while  in  the  second,  on  the  street 
front,  was  a  large  hall  used  for  public  as  well  as  for  Masonic  purposes.  The 
attic  story  afforded  ample  accommodations  for  sleeping  apartments.  The  chim- 
neys were  substantially  built  in  the  side  walls,  and  were  of  the  style  usually 
found  in  houses  built  at  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  century.  The  attic  win- 
dows on  the  front  part  of  the  roof,  and  the  walk  railed  in  on  tlie  upper  part, 
added  much  to  the  appearance  and  comfort  of  the  building,  which,  in  its  best 
days,  must  have  been  commodious,  and  comfortably  arranged. 

The  whole  estate  comprised  a  large  lot  of  land,  the  main  portion  l)eing  situ- 
ated back  of  Green   Dragon  Lane,  witli  otlier  estates    in    front,  and    extending 


i8o  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

northerly  to  the  Old  Mill  Pond.  The  extensive  yard  was  much  used  by  the 
boys  who  dwelt  in  the  neighborhood  as  a  playground  ;  and  here  it  was,  un- 
doubtedly, that  the  youthful  Franklin  first  essayed  in  his  mechanical  feat  of 
building  his  stone  wharf,  alluded  to  in  his  autobiography.  The  old  tavern 
stable  became  in  its  latter  days  a  well-known  convenience  ;  and  served  many 
years  as  a  livery  stable  kept  by  men  well  acquainted  with  their  business. 

In  front  of  the  building  there  projected  from  the  wall  an  iron  crane,  upon 
which  was  couched  a  Green  Dragon.  This  peculiar  mark  of  designation  was 
very  ancient,  perhaps  as  old  as  the  building  itself.  It  was  formed  of  thick 
sheet  copper,  and  had  a  curled  tail ;  and  from  its  mouth  projected  a  fearful  look- 
ing tongue,  the  wonder  of  all  the  boj's  who  dwelt  in  the  neighborhood.  When 
the  building  was  taken  down,  this  curious  relic  of  the  handiwork  of  the  ancient 
mechanics  of  the  town  disappeared,  and  has  never  since  been  found,  although 
most  searching  inquiries  and  diligent  examinations  for  it  have  been  made  among 
workmen  and  in  the  collections  of  the  dealers  in  old  material.  In  1854,  a  com- 
mittee of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  was  appointed  to  put  in  the  new  building,  that 
stands  upon  the  site  of  the  old  one,  a  memorial  to  commemorate  the  old  house, 
and  they  inserted  in  the  wall,  on  the  first  of  November,  1855,  a  stone  effigy, 
elaborately  carved  in  sandstone  in  a  most  skilful  and  artistic  manner,  by  a  work- 
man in  the  employ  of  Mr.  Thomas  J.  Bailey,  of  this  city  ;  and  this  magnificently 
sculptured  emblem  now  proudly  supplies  the  place  of  tlie  old  weather-beaten 
dragon,  which  had  for  nearly  a  century  and  a  half  withstood  the  storms  and 
tempests  of  the  hard  New  England  seasons,  and  ovitlived  the  violence  of  political 
mobs  and  the  rudeness  of  inimical  soldiery  in  the  time  of  the  war  —  a  fit  object 
to  perpetuate  in  some  degree  the  remembrance  of  the  old  hall,  in  which  the 
patriots  of  the  American  Revolution  used  to  meet,  and  also  to  designate  the 
Masons'  Hall  of  by-gone  days. 

The  old  mansion-house  must  have  been  erected  not  far  from  the  year  1680, 
when  many  substantial  buildings  of  a  similar  kind  were  jDut  up.  In  1695,  and 
perhaps  earlier,  it  was  used  as  an  inn  by  Alexander  Smith,  who,  and  his  widow 
also,  died  as  its  occupants  in  1696.  Hannah  Bishop  had  a  license  in  October, 
1696,  for  keeping  a  tavern  in  it  ;  and  she  was  succeeded  by  John  Cary,  a  brewer, 
in  October  of  1697,  who  certainly  was  its  occupant  as  late  as  1705,  although 
Samuel  Tyley  appears  to  have  been  the  tenant  of  Lieut.-Gov.  Stoughton,  at  the 
time  of  his  decease  in  July,  1701.      In  1734,  Joseph  Kidder,  who  came  from  the 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  181 

Three  Cranes  in  Charlestown,  was   the   keeper.     It  would   not  be  surprising  if 
Thomas   MiUiken,  a  member   of  St.  Andrew's   Lodge,  was   also  a  landlord   at 
some  time  of  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  ;  for  he  was  a  victualler  by  occupation, 
and  was  mainly  instrumental  in  its  purchase  for  the  Lodge,  being  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  authorized  on  the  eleventh  of  January,  1764^  to  buy  it.     On  the 
thirty-first   of  the    month,  of  the    same    year,    the    deed    was    passed    by    Mrs. 
Catherine  Kerr  to  Moses  Deshon  and  others  ;  and   on   the  thirteenth  of  April 
the  Lodge  held  for  the  first  time  a  monthly  meeting  in  the  hall.     On  the  four- 
teenth  of  June,    1764,  the   hall   was  formally  named   "Freemasons'    Hall,"  and 
from  that  time,  for  a  long  series  of  years,  was  the  regular  place  of  meeting  of 
the  Lodge.     It  would  be  useless,  were  it  even  possible,  to  name  the  various  per- 
sons who  carried   on  this  famous  tavern  ;  suffice  it  to  say,  that  at  times  it  was 
the  most  popular  of  the  old  houses  of  "entertainment  for  man  and  beast"  in 
the  town,  and  was  noted  for  being  a  favorite  hall  for  festive  as  well  as  political 
occasions.     Undoubtedly  the  famous  "Tea  Party"  of  1773  had  its  origin  within 
the  walls  of  this   old   mansion  ;  for  it   is   known  that  several  of  the  most  active 
spirits  engaged  in  it  were  members  of  the  Masonic  Lodge  that  held  its  meetings 
there  monthly.     A  Lodge  meeting  called  for  the  thirtieth  of  November,  1773, 
being  St.  Andrew's  day,  was  closed  without  the  transaction  of  business  in  con- 
sequence of  the  fewness  of  the  brethren  present,  and  the  following  words  in  a 
distinct  hand  were  entered  on  the  page  with  the  record,  "  (N.  B.     Consignees 
of  Tea  took  up  the  Brethren's  time.) "     The  meeting  which  was   to  have  been 
held  on  the  sixteenth  of  December  —  the  day  of  the  destruction  of  the  tea  — ■ 
was  also  given  up  for  the  same  reason. 

From  the  following  document,  signed  by  the  Lieutenant-Governor,  it  appears 
that  in  the  Revolutionary  war  the  building  was  sometimes  used  for  other  pur- 
poses : 

Boston,  Fcl).  2\i\\,  I'j'jd. 
To  the  Rev'd  Doc'r  Caner,  Col.  Snelling,  Maj  Paddock,  Cap  Gore,  &  Cap  Gay. 

Gentlemen — Having  occasion  for  a  large  commodious  House  for  tlie  rurjxisc  of  a 
Hospital  in  which  the  poor  —  Infirm  and  Aged  can  be  lodged  upon  the  Charity  in 
which  you  are  ajjpointed  Stewards  —  and  having  the  Consent  of  the  Proprietors  in 
Town  of  the  House  Commonly  called  the  Green  Dragon  to  apply  that  to  this  Purpose, 
you  are  hereby  required  to  take  possession  of  said  House  and  prepare  it  as  a  Hos|)ital 
for  the  Reception  of  such  objects  as  shall  require  inunediatc  Relief,  for  which  tliis  shall 
be  your  authority.  Tiios.  Oi.iviiR. 


1 82  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

In  October,  1828,  as  the  travel  from  Charlestown  had  much  increased,  and  as 
the  tilHng  up  the  Mill  Pond  had  given  room  for  many  buildings,  and  therefore 
required  the  widening  of  Green  Dragon  Lane,  the  old  building  was  taken  down 
by  order  of  the  city  authorities,  and  a  considerable  part  of  its  site  taken  for  the 
proposed  widening  ;  and,  then  passed  almost  from  remembrance  the  appearance 
of  one  of  the  most  noted  and  interesting  landmarks  of  the  early  days  of  the 
town.  On  its  site,  and  covering  the  whole  estate,  a  large  warehouse  has  been 
erected  by  the  Lodge,  which  is  now  occupied  as  a  carriage  depository.  Al- 
though the  old  house,  that  had  stood  the  effects  of  time  and  the  destroying  ele- 
ments for  more  than  a  century  and  a  half,  was  quietly  removed  to  give  way  for 
much  needed  improvements,  no  authentic  picture  of  its  appearance  was  pre- 
served. Nevertheless,  from  my  own  personal  recollections,  I  have  made  a 
drawing  and  model  of  this  old  landmark,  which  has  been  most  critically  ex- 
amined by  many  jDersons  who  have  had  the  best  opportunities  for  knowing  and 
remembering  it ;  and  they  have  sanctioned  my  efforts  and  pronounced  the  re- 
production a  good  representation. 

Thus,  brethren,  I  have  given  you  an  outline  history  of  our  old  Green  Dragon 
Tavern  estate.  I  have  purposely  avoided  noticing  many  things  that  would  per- 
haps have  been  interesting  to  the  Lodge.  But  you  have  not  time  to  hear 
more  on  this  occasion  ;  nor  would  it  be  desirable  that  so  dull  a  theme  should 
occupy  too  much  of  the  time  that  should  be  given  to  social  enjoyment,  and 
the  recollections  of  a  more  personal  character,  with  which,  I  am  sure,  the  older 
members  of  the  Lodge  can  enlighten  and  delight  you.  1,  therefore,  thank  you 
for  your  attention  and  patience,  and  give  way  for  others,  that  I  may  be  able 
to  enjoy  with  you  what  I  know  so  many  are  able  and  prepared  to  say. 


—oo';%i,oo- 


After  the  conclusion  of  Bro.  Shurtleff's  speech,  several  capital  songs  and 
glees  were  sung.  And  in  pleasant  commemoration  of  the  old  time  hospitality 
of  the  ancient  Inn  and  Freemasons'  Arms,  a  few  popular  ballads  of  a  hundred 
years  ago,  were  reproduced  by  the  brethren  and  guests.  Sliort  speeches  inter- 
spersed in  pleasing  variety  the  above  performances. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  183 

In  the  course  of  the  Festival,  Bro.  Shurtleff  presented  to  the  Locl<;e  a  bottle 
of  Madeira  wine,  whicli  was  put  up  in  1784  by  Mungo  Mackay,  who  was  made 
a  member  of  "  St.  Andrew's  "  in  1780.  The  bottle  was  opened  and  the  wine 
proved  of  excellent  quality.  This  bottle  of  wine  was  handed  to  15ro.  Shurtleff 
for  the  purpose  of  a  gift  to  the  Lodge  by  Joseph  Richardson,  Esq.,  who  married 
a  grand-daughter  of  Bro.  Wm.  Burbeck,  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  valued 
members  of  "St.  Andrew's,"  and  whose  name  is  in  the  Cliarter  of  the  Lodge. 


THE  NEW  BUILDING  ON  THE  GREEN  DRAGON  TAVERN  ESTATE. 

The  growth  of  Boston,  and  the  increasing  demand  for  large  warehouses,  de- 
termined the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  to  cover  tlie  Green  Dragon  Tavern  Estate 
with  a  modern  commodious  building.  In  1854-5,  the  present  structure  of  brick 
was  erected.  The  custom  of  putting  some  name,  or  designative  inscription  con- 
spicuously upon  the  front  of  large  warehouses,  being  a  fashion  of  the  day,  it 
was  at  once  suggested  to  the  members  of  the  Lodge,  that  a  design  in  the  sim- 
ilitude of  the  noted  Copper  Sign  representing  a  Dragon,  —  which  had  been  the 
sign  of  the  famous  Inn  itself  for  a  century  and  a  half  of  its  existence,  —  should 
be  placed  on  the  new  building. 

This  suggestion  met  the  hearty  concurrence  of  every  member  of  St.  Andrew's 
but  here  a  question  arose,  namely  :  What  had  become  of  the  old  Copper  Dragon 
itself.'*  This  question  baffled  all  recollection  or  enquiry.  Venerable  Lodge 
members,  neighbors  and  citizens  generally,  —  who  were  old  enough  inhabitants, 
—  all  remembered  the  Green  Dragon  Sign  perfectly  well;  every  feature  of  the 
Copper  figure  of  the  monster  was  plain  before  their  eyes,  but  the  original  sign 
itself  could  not  be  laid  hands  on.  It  had  no  doubt  been  removed  in  October, 
1828,  when  the  old  building  was  taken  down  for  the  puq^ose  of  widening  Union 
street,  and  this  was  then  and  there  the  sum  and  substance  of  all  knowledge  of 
its  whereabouts.  The  Lodge  however,  were  not  content  thus  to  part  with  the 
"  old  Green  Dragon,"  whereupon  a  select  committee  consisting  of  old  mem- 
bers of  St.  Andrew's,  each  of  whom  were  familiar  with  the  looks  of  the  ancient 
sign,  was  chosen  on  the  12th  of  January,  1854,  and  their  Report  made  at  the 
regular  meeting  of  tlie  Lodge.  Novembers,  1855,  will  explain  the  purpose  of 
their  appointment,  and  tlie  final  result.  This  Report  is  here  introduced  as  an 
.  appropriate  close  of  tliis  division  of  tiie  ''Memorial." 


i84  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


REPORT  ON  GREEN  DRAGON. 

The  committee  appointed  to  make  diligent  search  for  the  Old  Green  Dragon 
sign,  and  in  case  of  failure  in  tinding  the  same,  to  procure  a  model  of  one  as 
like  the  original  as  possible,  have  attended  to  the  duty  assigned  to  them,  and 
respectfully 

REPORT. 

That  after  having  made  enquiries  of  all  persons,  whom  they  thought  might  in 
any  degree  be  likely  to  know  anything  of  the  old  figure,  or  of  its  whereabouts, 
and  also  made  very  diligent  search  in  all  places  where  it  might  be  supposed  to 
be  laid  away  or  concealed,  and  having  entirely  failed  of  obtaining  the  slightest 
clue  to  its  present  condition,  and  despairing  of  ever  being  able  to  discover 
what  had  become  of  the  original  sign,  and  after  spending  more  than  eighteen 
months  in  enquiries  and  fruitless  search,  have  prepared  a  model  which  they 
have  caused  to  be  carved  in  a  truly  artistic  and  workmanlike  manner,  in  dur- 
able sandstone,  by  a  skilful  person  in  the  employ  of  Mr.  Thomas  J.  Bailey,  of 
this  city.  They  have  also  caused  the  same  to  be  inserted  in  the  front  wall 
(near  Hanover  street)  of  the  brick  building  lately  erected  on  the  site  of  the 
Green  Dragon  estate  on  Union  street. 

The  sculpture  was  placed  in  situation  on  the  first  of  the  present  month,  Nov. 
1855.  In  general  features  it  resembles  the  copper  sign,  as  far  as  the  memory 
of  those  who  i^etained  any  knowledge  of  it  could  point  out.  The  artist  has, 
however,  with  commendable  pride,  made  it  a  very  sightly  and  creditable  produc- 
tion, and  wherein  memory  failed,  he  has  supplied  the  defect  from  a  very  beauti- 
ful and  costly  work  of  art,  representing  the  patron  saint  of  England,  St. 
George,  and  his  usual  accompaniment,  the  Dragon,  designed  and  executed  by 
an  eminent  member  of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Great  Britain,  by  direction  of 
his  Royal  Highness,  Prince  Albert. 

The  monster  represented  is  entirely  fabulous,  and  is  variously  delineated  by 
artists.  The  Dragon  of  Heraldry  assumed  one  form,  and  its  varieties  others. 
The  Old  English  Dragon,  which  is  constantly  associated  with  St.  George,  is 
seldom  depicted  in  the   same   manner.      Our  Dragon,  as  it  now    appears,   is 


C  E  N  TE  NNIA  L     Jf  E  M  O  RIAL 


185 


undoubtedly  one  of  the  finest  models  of  the  monster  now  to  be  seen  ;  and  in  tlie 
opinion  of  the  committee  marks  a  spot  which  should  never  be  forgotten  as  one 
of  the  earl)'  meeting  places  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  and  as  memorable  for  its 
connection  with  many  of  the  events  of  the  American  Revolution,  and  which 
they  trust  will  not  derogate  from  the  interest  which  we  entertain  for  the  estate. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

John  Rayxer,  "] 

EzEKiEL  Bates,  \  Committee. 

Smith  VV.  Nichols.  J 
Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  ■  - 

Boston,  November  8,  A.  L.  5855. 


24 


.iil'ti^l 


CENTENNIAL    OBSERVANCE 

"^  OF   THE 

I N AUGURATION 

OF 

JOSEPH  WARREN 

AS  GRAND  MASTER  OF 

THE  MASSACHUSETTS  GRAND  LODGE, 

DECEMBER      28,      1869. 


At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massaciiusktts  held  at 
Boston,  on  the  eighth  day  of  December  1869,  the  M.  W.  Grand  Master, 
W.  S.  Gardner  in  his  report  remarked  :  — 

"  It  is  well  known  that  our  history  embraces  the  so-called  St.  John's  Grand 
Lodge  which  was  established  in  1733,  and  the  so-called  Massachusetts 
Grand  Lodge  which  originated  in  1769.  One  hundred  years  ago,  on  the  27th 
of  this  December,  Joseph  Warren,  the  Revolutionary  Patriot,  was  installed 
as  tirst  Grand  Master  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge.  Since  the  union  in 
1792,  we  have  followed  the  forms  and  customs  of  tliis  Grand  Lodge  with  singu- 
lar fidelity.  It  was  the  first  Grand  Lodge  upon  this  continent,  which  declared 
its  independence.  I  would  recommend  that  the  approaching  Festival  be  cele- 
brated in  a  manner  becoming  the  recurrence  of  such  an  anniversary,  and  tliat  a 
committee  charged  with  tlie  matter  be  appointed." 

In  accordance  with  the  recommendation  of  the  Grand  Master,  a  committee  on 
the  Festival  of  St.  John  tlie  Evangelist  was  appointed,  consisting  of 

R.  W.  I3rother  John  T.  Heard, 

"  "         Sereno  D.  Nickerson, 

"  •'         Charles  W.  Moore, 

W.  ■'         Samuel  C.  Lawrence. 

R.  W.      "         Charles  Levi  Woodisury. 

This  committee  made  arrangement  for  the  Feast,  upon  a  scale  somewliat 
more  extended  than  usual.  Notices  were  sent  to  all  the  Lodges,  inviting  them 
to  be  present,  and  unite  in  celebrating  the  Centennial.  Invitations  were  also 
sent  t(j  tiie  .M.  W.  Grand  Masters  of  Maine,  New  Ilampsliire,  Vermont,  Rhode 
island,  Connecticut  aiul  New  York,  and  to  I'ast  Grand  Master  Josiah  H. 
DiinnuKjnd  of  Maine. 


I90  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

By  a  provision  of  the  constitution  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  when  the  Festival 
of  St.  John  the  Evangelist  "  shall  happen  on  a  Saturday,  Sunday  or  Monday," 
it  shall  be  celebrated  on  the  following  Tuesday  ;  the  27th  of  December  coming 
this  year — 1869 — on  Monday,  the  Grand  Lodge  was  held  on  Tuesday  the 
28th  of  December.  A  large  number  of  Brethren  convened  in  Sutton  Hall,  in 
the  Masonic  Temple  at  half  past  five  o'clock,  P.  M.,  when  the  I\L  W.  Grand 
Lodge  was  opened  in  ample  form, — and  the  installation  of  the  Grand  Officers 
proceeded.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  ceremonies  the  following  stanzas  on  the 
death  of  Warren  were  recited  :  — 

"  His  countrymen  mourned  for  the  hero  brave, 

Who  inspired  each  bosom  with  trust ; 
While  Masonry  knelt  by  the  blood-hallow'd  grave, 

And  wept  o'er  the  slumbering  dust. 
She  wept  for  the  light  from  her  temples  withdrawn, 

The  Brother  so  honored  and  brave, 
That  even  the /^^»i««'j  proud  arm  was  upthrown 

So  noble  a  spirit  to  save ; 
The  Patriot  Grand  Master,  who  fell  in  his  might. 
The  second  of  three  —  in  defence  of  the  right ! 

"  A  soldier  —  the  brightest  of  laurels  were  twined, 

Unfading  around  his  fair  name  — 
While  his  mem'ry  in  thousands  of  hearts  is  enshrined, 

The  rarest  and  purest  of  fame. 
A  Mason — his  life  was  unselfish  and  pure. 

Made  true  by  the  compass  and  square  ; 
An  ashlar  of  beauty  that  long  will  endure, 

Which  Light  proves  both  perfect  and  fair. 
The  world  may  forget  him  ;  but  while  there's  a  stone 

In  Masonry's  Temple  still  there. 
The  name  of  our  Warren  will  not  be  unknown, 

But  cherished  with  reverence  and  care. 
Peace,  peace  to  thy  memory,  brave  Warren,  for  aye  ; 
The  Light  from  thy  life  shall  fade  never  away  !  " 

Alter  which  M.  W.  W.M.  S.  Gardner,  Grand  Master,  delivered  his  address. 


-oojQcJoo- 


The  feast  which  we  this  day  celebrate  derives  additional  attrac- 
tion from  the  fact  that  it  is  the  Centennial  of  the  inauguration  of 
the  so-called  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge."  In  171 7,  the  London 
Grand  Lodge  was  established  under  the  title  of  "  Grand  Lodge  of 
England."  It  proved  to  be  a  cause  of  great  dissension  among  the 
English  Masons;  so  much  so  that,  about  the  year  1738,  an  open 
revolt  against  its  authority  broke  out,  which  resulted  in  another 
Grand  Lodge,  which  assumed  the  name  of  "  Ancient  Masons,"  and 
"  Ancient  York  Masons,"  and  gave  to  the  members  of  the  London 
Grand  Lodge  the  title  of  "  Modern  Masons."  These  dissensions 
spread  to  Scotland,  Ireland,  and  to  the  Colonies  of  Great  Britain. 
In  1733,  the  London  Grand  Lodge  commissioned  Henry  Price, 
Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  North  America,  and  under  this  author- 
ity Lodges  were  chartered  in  Massachusetts,  the  East  of  the  Pro- 
vincial Grand  Lodge  being  here  at  Boston.  This  Grand  Body 
acquired  strength  and  influence,  and  conducted  its  affairs  witli 
great  pomp  and  parade.  Its  officers  and  members  were,  many  of 
them,  men  of  dignity  and  character  in  the  Province,  and  in  the 
management  of  the  affairs  of  the  Grand  Lodge  they  exhibited  much 
of  that  exclusiveness  which  existed  in  the  civil  government. 

Prior  to  1756,  the  schism  which  originated  in  England  had  spread 
to  this  Province.  Some  j)ersons  who  had  applied  to  the  regular 
Lodges  in  Boston,  and  who  had  been  rejected,  obtained  their  de- 
grees  ill    the   Lodges  of  Ancient   Masons  attached   to   tin-    Royal 


ig2  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Regiments  stationed  here,  or  were  made  Masons  after  the  ancient 
system  in  some  irregular  way,  and  attempted  afterwards  to  visit 
the  Boston  Lodges,  but  were  denied  admission.  They,  as  well  as 
others  who  had  not  been  rejected,  but  who  were  Ancient  Masons, 
and  had  also  been  driven  from  the  doors  of  the  Lodges,  feeling 
aggrieved  at  the  course  pursued  by  the  Grand  Lodge  towards  them, 
petitioned  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  for  a  charter  to  hold  a 
Lodge  under  its  auspices  in  Boston.  This  request  was  granted, 
and  November  30,  1756,  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  No.  81,  was  char- 
tered, under  which  the  Brethren  commenced  their  labors. 

Immediately  after  its  organization,  the  members  of  St.  Andrew's 
attempted  to  place  themselves  on  friendly  terms  with  the  Brethren 
of  the  Grand  and  subordinate  Lodges  then  existing  here.  The 
records  show  that  an  extensive  correspondence  between  St.  An- 
drew's and  the  Grand  Lodge  took  place,  and  that  the  latter  refused 
to  recognize  the  members  of  the  former  as  Masons. 

Under  the  Grand  Mastership  of  Jeremy  Gridley,  the  Grand 
Lodge  passed  a  vote  forbidding  the  Lodges  under  its  jurisdiction, 
upon  any  consideration,  to  admit  the  visits  of  any  of  the  members 
of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge.  In  January,  1766,  St.  Andrew's  raised  a 
committee,  of  which  Joseph  Warren  was  a  member,  to  wait  on  the 
Grand  Lodge  the  following  Friday  night  with  a  complimentary 
address,  desiring  them  to  visit  St.  Andrew's  whenever  they  may 
think  proper,  "  and  that  for  the  future  there  may  be  a  happy  coali- 
tion." 

This  committee  visited  the  Grand  Lodge  and  received  an  answer 
in  writing,  which,  when  reported  to  St.  Andrew's,  was  declared  to 
be  "  by  no  means  satisfactory,  as  it  is  ill-grounded." 

The  same  committee  were  directed  to  prepare  an  address,  in 
answer  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  in  June,  1766,  a  committee,  of 
which  Joseph  Warren  was  chairman,  was  raised  to  transmit  all 
that  had  passed  between  St.  Andrew's  and  the  Grand  Lodge  in 
Boston  to  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland. 

In  September,  1767,  was  announced  in  the  Grand  Lodge  the 
decease  of"  M.  W.  Jeremy  Gridley,  Esq.,  Grand  Master  of  Masons 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  193 

over  all  North  America,  Attorney  General  for  the  Province  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  a  member  of  the  Great  and  General  Court 
of  said  Province,  and  a  Justice  throughout  the  same.  Colonel  of  the 
Plrst  Regiment  of  Militia,  and  President  of  the  Marine  Society,"  etc. 

At  this  meeting,  says  the  record,  "  Air.  Joseph  Webb,  Mr.  Sam- 
uel Barrett,  and  Doctor  Joseph  Warren,  a  committee  from  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge,  waiting  below,  sent  up  word  that  they  desired 
to  be  admitted  into  the  Lodge  to  present  a  message  from  said  St. 
Andrew's  Lodge." 

It  was  voted  unanimously  to  admit  them.  "When  they  came 
up,  they  informed  the  Deputy  Grand  Master  that  it  was  the  Lodge's 
desire  that  they  may  attend  the  Grand  Master's  funeral  as  Ma- 
sons." 

The  Grand  Lodge  unanimously  granted  their  request.  In  the 
order  of  the  funeral  procession,  which  is  most  carefully  set  out  in 
the  Grand  Lodge  records,  after  the  officers  of  the  Grand  Master's 
Regiment,  and  members  of  the  Marine  Society,  came  — 

"  The  Tyler  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  with  the  sword." 

"  The  Stewards  of  said  Lodge  with  their  wands." 

"  The  members  of  said  Lodge  two  by  two,  all  properly  clothed." , 

After  which  came  the  subordinate  Lodges  and  the  Grand  Lodge. 

The  Deputy  Grand  Master  Rowe,  required  of  the  Master  of  St. 
Andrew's  a  list  of  the  members  and  others  who  joined  with  them," 
and  ordered  it  to  be  entered  in  the  Grand  Lodge  Book,  which  was 
done.      The  whole  number  in  attendance  was   sixty-four,  Joseph 
Warren  being  Senior  Warden. 

The  Brethren  of  St.  Andrew's  had  performed  their  duty  in  a 
noble  and  fraternal  manner,  and  the  Grand  Lodge,  in  the  hour  of 
its  deep  distress  over  the  lifeless  remains  of  its  distinguished  Grand 
Master,  forgot  for  the  moment  its  animosity,  and  they  mingled  their 
tears  together. 

The  Deputy  Grand  Master,  John  Rowe,  had  probably  encouraged 
the  Brethren  of  St.  Andrew's  in  the  step  they  took.  He  had  con- 
tributed generously  to  the  fund  of  charity  of  St.  Andrew's,  and 
December  i,  1766,  was  unanimously  made  a  member  of  the  Lodge, 

2.5 


V 


194  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  communicate  to  him  the  votes 
passed. 

After  every  generous  eflbrt  on  the  part  of  St.  Andrew's  had 
completely  failed,  and  when  it  was  evident  that  no  "  happy  coali- 
tion "  could  be  made,  the  Brethren  changed  their  ground.  St. 
Andrew's  was  composed  of  some  of  the  most  active,  prominent, 
and  distinguished  men  of  Boston  ;  men  who,  like  Warren,  Revere, 
Hancock,  and  others  of  illustrious  name,  young,  ardent,  brave,  could 
not  calmly  and  patiently  permit  themselves  and  their  associates  to 
be  denounced  as  illegitimatists,  clandestine  Masons,  and  impostors. 
The  spirit  of  manliness,  as  well  as  of  patriotism,  glowed  in  their 
bosoms,  and  prompted  them  to  vindicate  their  own  characters  as 
Masons,  and  to  stand  forth  in  defence  of  the  Lodge  which  made 
them.  On  St.  Andrew's  Day,  1767  (Nov.  30),  they  voted  unani- 
mously, — 

"  Whereas,  The  Grand  Lodge  holden  in  Boston,  whereof  the  late  Jeremy  Gridley  was 
Grand  Master,  passed  a  vote  that  the  Master  or  Masters  of  the  Lodge  or  Lodges  under 
his  jurisdiction,  more  especially  in  Boston,  should  not,  on  any  condition,  admit  of  the 
"visits  of  any  of  the  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  which  vote  is  disadvantageous  to 
this  Lodge,  inasmuch  as  divers  gentlemen  here  have  been  thereby  prevented  from  offer- 
ing themselves  to  be  made  here  ;  " 

"  Therefore,  Voted,  That  this  Lodge  will  not  from  henceforth  admit  of  the  visits  of  the 
members  of  any  of  the  Lodges  in  this  town,  or  any  person  that  shall  be  made  therein, 
until  the  said  vote  of  said  Grand  Lodge  shall  be  reconsidered  and  made  void,  except 
they  are  members  of  this  Lodge,  or  have  been  raised  Master  here." 

The  following  year,  1768,  the  Lodge  voted  in  December  to  keep 
the  Feast  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  and  "  that  none  vulgarly 
called  Modern  Masons  be  admitted  to  the  Feast." 

The  political  affairs  of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  were  such 
in  1768  that  the  Crown  determined  to  quarter  a  standing  army 
upon  Boston.  About  the  first  of  October  in  that  year,  a  fleet  of 
British  men-of-war  arrived  in  the  harbor,  having  on  board  the 
Fourteenth  and  Twenty-Ninth,  and  a  portion  of  the  Fifty-Ninth 
Regiments,  with  a  train  of  artillery  ;    and  a  short   tune  after,  the 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL 


195 


Sixty-Fourth    and    Sixty-Fifth     Regiments,    direct    from     Ireland, 
landed  in  town  and  garrisoned  Boston. 

In  the  Sixty-Fourth  Regiment  was  the  Duke  of  York's  Lodge, 
No.  106,  Registry  of  Scotland  ;  in  the  Fourteenth  Regiment  was 
Lodge  "No.  58,  Registry  of  England  ;  and  in  the  Twenty-Ninth 
Regiment  was  Lodge  No.  322,  Registry  of  Ireland,  all  working 
under  the  "  Ancient  System." 

The  presence  of  these  Regiments  in  Boston  created  an  intense 
excitement  among  the  citizens,  and  the  members  of  St.  Andrew's, 
particularly  Joseph  Warren,  participated  in  the  universal  feeling 
of  opposition  to  the  continuance  of  this  strong  force  in  Boston. 
Warren  was  a  member  of  a  committee  which,  in  March,  1769,  drew 
up  a  petition  to  the  king  for  the  removal  of  the  troops.  Notwith- 
standing this  strong  feeling  in  the  community,  the  members  of 
St.  Andrew's  saw  the  opportunity  before  them  of  forming  a  Grand 
Lodge  under  the  authority  of  the  Grand  Master  of  Scotland,  and 
did  not  scruple  to  join  with  their  Brethren  of  the  obnoxious  regi- 
ments. 

On  St.  Andrew's  Day  (Nov.  30),  1768,  Joseph  Warren  being 
Master,  the  Lodge  appointed  a  committee  to  consider  the  expedi- 
ency of  applying  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  for  a  Grand 
Master  of  Ancient  Masons  in  America,  and  to  confer  with  such 
committees  as  "  shall  be  appointed  by  the  other  Ancient  Lodges 
now  in  town."  The  committee  was  composed  of  Joseph  Warren, 
Moses  Deshon,  William  Burbeck,  Ezra  Collins,  William  Collins, 
William  Palfrey,  Paul  Revere,  and  Samuel  Danforth. 

At  the  same  meeting,  the  Lodge  granted  the  use  of  their  hall 
to  the  Regimental  Lodges  in  the  Twenty-Ninth  and  Sixty-Fourth 
Regiments. 

Early  in  December  following,  eight  days  after  the  committee 
was  empowered,  they  reported  that  agreeable  to  appointment  with 
the  committees  of  the  Ancient  Lodges  then  in  Boston,  and  after 
mature  deliberation,  they  agreed  that  it  was  necessary  to  have  a 
Grand  Master  of  Ancient  Masons  in  America.  They  proposed 
as  officers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  :    15r.  Joseph  Warren,  of  St.  An- 


196  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

drew's  Lodge,  No.  81,  for  Grand  Master;  Br.  Jeremiah  French  of 
the  jurisdiction  of  Ireland,  No.  322,  for  a  Grand  Senior  Warden, 
and  Br.  Thomas  Musgrave,  of  the  Duke  of  York's  Lodge,  No.  106, 
for  Junior  Grand  Warden. 

The  Lodge  adopted  the  report  of  the  committee,  and  the  petition 
was  prepared  accordingly,  being  signed  by  the  four  Lodges  of  An- 
cient Masons  :  "  St.  Andrew's,  81,  Registry  of  Scotland  ;"  "Duke 
of  York's,  106,  Registry  of  Scotland,  held  in  64th  Regiment  of 
Foot;"  "  Lodge  No.  58,  Registry  of  England,  held  in  14th  Regi- 
ment;" "Lodge  No.  322,  Registry  of  Ireland,  held  in  29th  Regi- 
ment ; "  "  An.  F.  &  Ac.  Masons,  resident  in  Boston,  Mass."  Thus 
executed,  it  was  forthwith  transmitted  to  Scotland. 

Before  an  answer  was  returned,  in  June,  1769,  the  Sixty-Fourth 
and  Sixty-Ninth  Regiments  were  removed  from  Boston. 

On  the  30th  of  May,  1769,  the  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  Grand  Master 
of  Masons  in  Scotland,  appointed  "Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Grand 
Master  of  Masons  in  Boston,  New  England,  and  within  one  hun- 
dred miles  of  the  same,"  and  sent  the  commission  by  Captain 
Lawrence  Frazier  to  Warren. 

It  was  received  in  Boston  prior  to  September  19,  1769,  for  on  that 
evening  St.  Andrew's  voted  to  provide  the  necessary  articles  to  be 
used  by  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  "  that  the  Grand  Master  be  installed 
on  the  27th  of  December  next." 

Little  notice  was  taken  of  the  Regimental  Lodges  in  the  prepar- 
ation of  the  installation  by  St.  Andrew's.  The  only  notice  of  them 
appears  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Lodge  held  December  14,  1769, 
at  which  meeting  Warren  was  present,  when  the  committee  ap- 
pointed to  conduct  the  instalment,  reported  "  That  it  is  their  opinion 
that  an  information  be  given  to  the  Lodges  in  14th  Regiment 
and  29th,  that  the  instalment  of  a  Grand  Master  will  be  on  Wednes- 
day, the  27th,  at  Masons'  Hall." 

On  the  27th  of  December,  1769,  the  Grand  Lodge  was  formally 
inaugurated,  the  record  of  which  is  in  full  as  follows  :  — 

"  At  the  Assembly  and   Feast  held  at  Boston,   New  England,   at.  Masons'  Hall,  on 
Wednesday,  December  27,  5769  — 


C  E  i\  TE  NNI A  L    M  E  M  O  R I A  L . 


197 


FRESEA'T. 

The  Most  Worshipful  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Grand  Master  elect. 

The  Master,  Wardens,  and  Brethren  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

The  Master  and  Wardens  of  Lodge  No.  58,  of  the  Registry  of  England. 

The  Master  and  ^yardens  of  Lodge  No.  322,  of  the  Registry  of  Ireland. 

A  commission  from  the  Right  Honorable  and  Most  Worshipful  George,  Earl  of  Dal- 
housie.  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  Scotland,  bearing  date  the  13th  day  of  May,  A.  L. 
5769,  appointing  the  Most  Worshipful  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  to  be  Grand  Master  of 
Masons  in  Boston,  New  England,  and  within  one  hundred  miles  of  the  same,  was  read. 

The  Brethren  then  proceeded  in  ample  form  to  install  the  Most  Worshipful  Joseph 
Warren,  Grand  Master  of  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  in  Boston,  &c. 

After  which  the  following  Brethren  were  nominated  by  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand 
Master,  and  unanimously  elected  as  Grand  Officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  viz  :  — 


Jeremiah  French,  Esq.,  Capt.  in  29th  Regt. 

Ponsonby  Molesworth,  Esq.,  "  " 

William  Palfrey,  (by  Proxy) 

Thomas  Crafts 

Joseph  Webb    . 

Paul  Revere       .         . 

Samuel  Danforth 

Thomas  Urann, 
Caleb  Hopki 

Edward  Proctor 


rann,  ) 
kins,  ) 


.Senior  Grand  Warden. 
Junior  (Irand  Warden. 
Grand  Secretary. 
Grand  Treasurer. 
Grand  Marshal. 
Senior  Grand  Deacon. 
Junior  Grand  Deacon. 

Grand  Sentinels. 

Grand  Sword-Bearer. 


The  above  is  the  full  recorded  history  of  this  first  meeting  of 
"  The  Grand  Lodge,"  as  it  was  then  called,  for  it  did  not  take  the 
name  of  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge"  until  December  6,  1782. 

The  records  of  St.  Andrew's  devote  a  page  to  this  important 
meeting,  stating  that  the  Feast  was  holden,  and  giving  the  name 
of  each  brother  who  attended.  By  this  it  appears  that  sixty-two 
were  present. 

The  Boston  Gazette  of  January  i,  1770,  a  weekly  paper  published 
by  lules  and  Gill,  contained  this  notice  :  — 


"By  virtue  of  a  commission  lately  received  from  the  Right  Honorable  and  Most  Wor- 
shipful the  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  Grand  ^Laster  of  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  in 
Scotland,  on  Wednesday,  was  solenmized  at  a  Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient  Free  and  Ac- 


198  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

cepted  Masons  in  this  town,  held  at  Masons'  Hall,  the  instahnent  of  the  Most  Worship- 
ful Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  Ancient  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons  in  North  America.  On  the  occasion  there  was  an  elegant  oration.  After  the 
instalment  there  was  a  grand  entertainment." 

Although  little  credit  can  be  given  to  newspaper  notices  of  ma- 
sonic meetings,  yet  in  this  instance  as  the  publishers  of  the  Gaccttc 
were  strong  political  friends  of  Warren,  it  is  more  than  probable 
that  they  vvere  correct  in  stating  that  an  oration  was  delivered. 
If  so,  Warren,  who  afterwards  distinguished  himself  as  an  orator, 
undoubtedly  pronounced  the  oration. 

On  the  same  day  that  the  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  "  was 
organized  at  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  forty  brethren  of  the  St. 
John's  Grand  Lodge  celebrated  the  Feast  at  the  Bunch  of  Grapes 
Tavern,  John  Rowe  presiding  as  Grand  Master. 

Joseph  W^arren,  who  was  thus  installed  Grand  Master  one  hun- 
dred years  ago,  at  this  Feast  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  was  born 
at  Roxbury,  Mas.sachusetts,  June  11,  174 1.  At  the  age  of  fourteen 
he  entered  Harvard  College,  and  was  there  graduated  in  1759, 
aged  nineteen.  He  was  proposed  to  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  by  Br. 
William  Palfrey,  September  10,  1761,  and  was  then  initiated,  being 
twenty  years  and  three  months  old.  On  the  2d  of  the  following 
November,  he  was  "  passed  a  Fellow  Craft."  It  is  uncertain  at 
what  time  he  was  made  a  Master  Mason,  but  on  the  14th  of  No- 
vember, 1765,  the  Lodge  voted  unanimously  that  Dr.  Joseph 
Warren  be  re-admitted  a  member  of  the  Lodge.  After  this  time 
he  appears  to  have  been  zealous  and  active  in  his  masonic  labors. 
He  was  chosen  Senior  Warden  in  November,  1766,  and  served  his 
year,  and  was  Master  of  St.  Andrew's  from  November,  1768,  to 
November,  1769. 

During  his  Grand  Mastership  there  were  thirty-seven  meetings 
of  the  Grand  Lodge,  thirty-four  of  which  he  attended  and  presided 
over. 

From  the  time  of  his  first  installation  until  the  last  quarterly 
meeting  held  during  his  life,  he  was  engaged  in  public  affairs  of  the 
greatest  importance.     His   practice  as  a  physician  was  very  large  ; 


C E N TE  NNI A  L    M E  M  O  RI A  L 


199 


he  was  a  member  of  various  ])olitical  clubs  ;  was  one  of  the  Commit- 
tee of  Safety  of  Boston,  and  of  the  same  Committee  of  Massachu- 
setts, a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Correspondence,  and  was  a 
representative  to  the  Provincial  Congress,  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death  its  presiding  officer.  His  correspondence  with  public  men, 
not  only  in  Massachusetts  but  in  all  the  colonies,  was  voluminous, 
and  yet  he  found  time  amid  all  these  cares,  perplexities  and  labors, 
to  earnestly  attend  to  his  duties  as  Grand  Master. 

On  the  26th  of  April,  1773,  he  lost  his  beloved  wife,  but  the  fol- 
lowing week  found  him  at  the  Grand  Lodge,  called  "  upon  an  es- 
2:)ecial  occasion." 

I  have  compared  the  dates  of  many  of  the  meetings  of  the  Grand 
Lodge,  when  he  was  present,  with  the  well-known  public  services 
of  Warren,  and  it  is  surprising  that  he  was  able  to  devote  any  time 
to  his  Grand  Master's  duties. 

On  the  5th  of  March,  1773,  the  annual  commemoration  of  the 
Massacre  was  held.  Dr.  Church  delivered  the  oration,  and  Warren 
was  on  the  committee  that  matured  the  business.  Yet  he  found 
time  to  attend  the  Grand  Lodge  that  day,  and  the  record  reads  that 
"  the  Grand  Master  was  pleased  to  adjourn  this  Grand  Lodge  to 
Monday,  the  8th  instant." 

June  4th,  of  the  same  year,  the  record  states :  "  The  Grand 
Lodge  being  opened,  the  Grand  Master  observing  but  few  Grand 
Officers  present,  was  acquainted  of  their  necessary  engagement  in 
another  society." 

Warren  was  absent  from  three  meetings  of  the  Grand  Lodge  — 
June  16,  1773  ;  June  3,  1774  ;  and  September  2,  1774. 

It  is  uncertain  what  detained  him  from  the  meeting  of  June  16, 
1773  ;  but  June  2,  1774,  he  was  engaged  on  a  committee  to  draft 
"a  solemn  league  and  covenant,"  as  also  upon  other  important  com- 
mittees, and  at  the  same  time  he  was  writing  vigorous  articles  for 
the  Gazette. 

On  the  2d  of  September,  1774,  he  was  absent  for  the  last  time. 
This  was  the  occasion  of  the  "Powder  alarm."  The  day  bclore,  he 
was    called   to  Cambridge  to  prevent  a  collision  with    the   troops, 


200  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

spent  the  day  there,  and  the  next  day,  the  3d,  was  engaged  with  a 
committee  in  corresponding  witli  the  towns. 

His  last  attendance  at  the  Grand  Lodge  was  March  3,  1775.  On 
the  6th,  which  was  Monday,  he  dehvered  his  famous  oration  upon 
the  anniversary  of  the  Massacre,  and  his  mind  must  necessarily 
have  been  preoccupied  with  the  great  subject  upon  which  he  was 
to  speak,  and  of  the  personal  danger  to  himself  which  he  was 
thereby  incurring.  Notwithstanding,  he  was  at  his  post  of  duty, 
and  for  the  last  time  presided  over  the  Craft. 

The  following  entry  is  made  at  the  end  of  the  record  of  this 
meeting  :  — 

"Mema.  19th  April,  1775.  Hostility  commenced  between  the  troops  of  Great  Britain 
and  America  in  Lexington  Battle.  In  consequence  of  which  the  Town  was  blockaded, 
and  no  Lodge  held  until  December,  1776." 

On  the  17th  of  June  following,  Warren  breathed  out  his  heroic 
spirit  on  Charlestown  Heights,  and  the  Grand  Lodge  was  left  with- 
out a  Grand  Master. 

At  the  meeting  held  on  the  6th  of  December,  1771,  the  Grand 
Master  acquainted  the  Grand  Lodge  that  he  appointed  R.  Worship- 
ful Joseph  Webb,  Deputy  Grand  Master,  and  on  the  27th  of  the 
same  month  he  was  installed  into  office. 

At  the  Feast  held  December  27,  1773,  was  read  a  communica- 
tion from  the  Right  Honorable  and  Most  Worshipful  Earl  of  Dum- 
fries, Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  Scotland,  dated  March  3,  1772, 
appointing  the  Most  Worshipful  Joseph  Warren  Grand  Master  of 
Masons  for  the  Continent  of  America.  The  Grand  Master  was  in 
ample  form  installed. 

"  Then  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master,  by  virtue  of  the 
authority  granted  him  in  the  foregoing  commission,  ordered  the 
Grand  Secretary  to  read  a  commission  dated  at  Boston,  New  Eng- 
land, 1773,  appointing  Joseph  Webb,  Esq.,  D.  G.  Master,  under 
him  the  said  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Grand  Master,  who  was  accord- 
ingly installed." 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  201 

Although  the  record  states  that  the  Grand  Lodge  did  not  as- 
semble until  December,  1776,  yet  the  Deputy  Grand  Master  con- 
vened the  Grand  Body  and  held  one  of  the  most  interesting  and 
important  meetings  in  the  history  of  the  "  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge  "  before  that  date. 

After  Warren  was  shot,  it  is  uncertain  b\'  whom  he  was  buried. 
The  Gazette,  published  at  Watertown,  Jun-e  26,  1775,  says  :  "  War- 
ren was  among  the  slain,  and  was  buried  by  his  friends  at  Charles- 
town."  xA-ll  accounts  concur  in  this,  that  his  body  was  recognized 
and  that  he  was  buried  on  the  field. 

March  17,  1776,  the  British  troops  evacuated  Boston,  but  it  was 
not  until  the  4th  of  April  following  that  his  body  was  found  and 
identified.  It  was  buried  about  three  feet  below  the  surface  of  the 
ground,  and  was  much  disfigured,  but  was  identified  by  two  artificial 
teeth  set  for  him  a  few  days  before  his  death. 

On  the  same  day  that  his  body  was  discovered,  the  Provincial 
Congress  of  Massachusetts  accepted  the  report  of  a  committee  ap- 
pointed to  take  under  consideration  the  erecting  a  monument  to 
the  memory  of  the  "  Honorable  Major-General  Joseph  Warren,"  in 
which  the  committee  say  they  "  find  that  the  place  where  his  body 
was  buried  is  discovered,  and  that  the  Lodge  of  Freemasons  in 
this  Colony,  whereof  he  was  late  Grand  Master,  are  desirous  of 
taking  up  the  deceased's  remains,  and,  in  the  usual  funeral  solemni- 
ties of  that  society,  to  decently  inter  the  same,  and  that  his  friends 
are  consenting  thereto."  The  committee  "  are  of  opinion  that  the 
said  Lodge  have  leave  to  put  their  said  intentions  into  execution." 

The  next  day,  April  5,  the  Deputy  Grand  Master,  Joseph  Webb, 
wrote  to  Bro.  Perez  Morton,  at  Watertown,  then  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress,  and  who  was  also  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge,  and  an  intimate  personal  friend  of  Warren,  saying,  that  he 
was  requested  by  the  Brethren  of  the  Grand  Lodge  to  beg  the 
favor  of  him  "  to  pronounce  an  oration  on  Monday  next  at  the  re- 
interment of  our  late  Grand  Master,  Joseph  Warren,  Esq."  The 
next  day,  April  6,  "  Brother  Morton  "  replied  by  letter,  modestly 
accepting  the  task  assigned  him. 

2C 


202  CEN  TE  NNIA  L    MEMORIAL. 

In  the  Gazette  of  April  8,  1776,  was  published  the  following 
notice :  — 

"  Notice  is  hereby  given  to  all  the  Brethren  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Society  of 
Free  and  Accepted  Masons  that  this  day  will  be  re-interred  the  remains  of  the  late 
Most  Worshipful  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Grand  Master  of  Ancient  Masonry  for  North 
America,  who  was  slain  at  the  Battle  on  Bunker's  Hill,  June  17,  1775. 

"The  Procession  will  be  from  the  State  House,  in  Boston,  at  four  o'clock,  p.  m.,  at 
which  time  the  Brethren  are  requested  to  attend  with  their  Clothing  and  Jewels.  By 
order  of  the  Right  Worshipful  Joseph  Webb,  Esquire,  Deputy  Grand  Master. 

William  Hoskins,  Grand  Secretary.'''' 

The  New  England  Chronicle^  of  Boston,  published  that  week, 
contains  a  description  of  the  procession,  which  was  composed  of 
a  detachment  of  the  Continental  forces  ;  a  numerous  body  of  the 
Honorable  Society  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  the  mourners  ; 
members  of  the  two  houses  of  the  General  Assembly,  &c.,  &c. 
The  body  was  carried  to  King's  Chapel,  where,  after  prayer,  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Cooper,  Br.  Perez  Morton  delivered  the  oration,  from 
which  I  take  the  following  extract :  — 

"  Into  this  Fraternity  he  was  early  initiated,  and  after  having  given  repeated  proofs  of 
a  rapid  proficiency  in  the  arts,  and  after  evidencing  by  his  life  the  profession  of  his  lips, 
finally,  as  the  reward  of  his  merit,  he  was  commissioned  the  Most  Worshipful  Grand 
Master  of  all  the  Ancient  Masons  through  North  America  ;  and  you,  Brethren,  are 
living  testimonies  with  how  much  honor  to  himself,  and  benefit  to  the  Craft  universal, 
he  discharged  the  duties  of  his  elevated  trust ;  with  what  sweetened  accents  he  courted 
your  attention,  while  with  wisdom,  strength,  and  beauty,  he  instructed  his  Lodges  in  the 
s&cxtt  ^.xis  oi  Freemasonry ;  what  perfect  order  and  decorum  he  preserved  in  the  gov- 
ernment of  them  ;  and  in  all  his  conduct  what  a  bright  example  he  set  us,  to  liT'e  7vithiii 
compass  and  act  iipo)i  the  square.  With  what  pleasure  did  he  silence  the  wants  of  poor 
and  penniless  brethren  ;  yea,  the  necessitous  everywhere,  though  ignorant  of  the  mys- 
teries of  the  Craft,  from  his  benefactions  felt  the  happy  effects  of  that  institution  which  is 
founded  on  Faith,  Hope,  and  Charity,  and  the  world  may  cease  to  wonder  that  he  so 
readily  offered  up  his  life  on  the  altar  of  his  country  when  they  are  told  that  the  main 
pillar  of  Maso7iry  is  the  loi'e  of  Mankind. 

"The  fates,  as  if  they  would  reveal,  in  the  person  of  our  G}-and Master,  those  mysteries 
which  have  so   long   lain  hid   from   the  world,  have  suffered  him,  like   the  great  master 


CE  N  TE  NNIA  L     ME  M  O  A'  /.  /  A  .  203 

builder  in  the  temple  of  old,  to  fall  l>y  the  hands  of  ruffians,  and  be  again  raised  in  honin- 
and  authority.  We  searched  in  the  field  for  the  murdered  son  of  a  widow,"  —  the  day 
before  his  death  he  parted  from  his  widowed  mother  at  Boston,  and  said  to  her  that 
they  would  never  meet  again,  —  "and  we  found  him  /y ///<•  turf  (Uk/  the  hoig,\)\xx\&d 
under  the  brow  of  a  hill,  though  not  in  a  decent  grave.  And  though  we  must  again 
commit  his  body  to  the  tomb,  yet  our  breasts  shall  be  the  burying  spot  of  his  masonic 
virtues,  and  there  — 

"  '  An  adamantine  monument  we'll  rear 

With  this  inscription,  "Masonry  lies  here."'  " 

This  beautiful  and  touching  allusion  by  the  eulogist  must  have 
deeply  impressed  the  brethren  whom  he  addressed.  No  higher 
praise  can  be  awarded  to  it  than  this,  that  every  masonic  writer 
who,  since  that  time,  has  alluded  to  the  death  of  Warren,  has  copied 
the  idea,  if  not  the  exact  language,  of  the  distinguished  Morton  in 
his  oration  ;  and  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  name  of  Morton  has 
never  been  connected  with  it. 

Governor  Gore,  in  an  oration  delivered  in  1783,  says:  "The 
rosemary  and  cassia  adorned  and  discovered  his  hallowed  grave." 

And  Josiah  Bartlett,  Esq.,  afterwards  our  Grand  Master,  in  an 
address  delivered  on  Saint  John  the  Baptist's  Day,  1790,  which  is 
recorded  at  length  in  the  records  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge,  remarks :  — 

"The  political  events  of  the  year  5775  produced  important  changes  in  the  state  of  Ma- 
sonry. These  were  no  other  than  the  heroic  death  of  the  Grand  Master  on  the  celebrated 
heights  of  Charlestown,  and  a  temporary  dispersion  of  the  Grand  Officers  who,  soon 
after  the  evacuation  of  Boston  by  the  British  army  on  the  following  year,  influenced  by 
a  pious  regard  to  the  merits  and  memory  of  their  departed  patron,  were  induced  to  make 
search  for  his  body,  which  was  rudely  and  indiscriminately  buried  on  the  fickl  of  slaugh- 
ter." 

"They  accordingly  repaired  to  the  brow  of  the  hill,  and,  by  the  direction  of  a  person 
who  had  been  on  the  ground  about  the  time  of  his  burial,  a  spot  was  found  where  the^ 
earth  had  been  recently  turned  up,  antl  was  distinguished  by  a  small  cluster  of  sprigs." 

"  Having  removed  the  turf  and  opened  the  grave,  the  rem.iins  were  easily  ascertained, 
by  means  of  an  artificial  tooth,  and  being  decently  raised,  were  conveyeil  to  the  .State 
House,  in  this  metropolis,  whence,  on  the  8th  of  April,  5776,  after  every  mark  of  respect, 


204  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

and  the  just  tribute  of  patriotick  and  affectionate  applause,  they  were  committed  to  the 
silent  tomb  ;  but  as  the  whole  earth  is  the  sepulchre  of  illustrious  men,  his  fame,  his 
glofious  actions,  are  deposited  in  universal  remembrance,  and  will  be  transmitted  to  the 
latest  ages." 

After  the  oration  in  King's  Chapel,  the  procession  was  reformed 
and  proceeded  to  the  Granary  Burying  Ground,  on  Tremont  street, 
where  the  remains  of  Grand  Master  Warren,  agreeably  to  the 
solemn  ceremony  of  Freemasonry,  and  in  all  probability  according 
to  a  ritual  which,  before  this  time.  Saint  Andrew's  Lodge  had  per- 
fected, were  re-interred  in  the  tomb  of  George  Richard  Minot,  a 
friend  of  the  family.  There  they  laid  in  peaceful  repose  until  1825, 
when,  says  Frothingham,  "  they  were  identified  by  the  nephew  of 
-the  general.  Dr.  John  C.  Warren,  by  the  eye-tooth,  and  the  mark  of 
the  fatal  bullet  behind  the  left  ear."  They  were  then  carefully 
placed  in  a  box  of  hard  wood,  bearing  a  silver  plate  with  the  in- 
scription "In  this  tomb  are  deposited  the  earthly  remains  of  Major- 
General  Joseph  Warren,  who  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Bunker 
Hill,  on  June  17,  1/75,"  ^.nd  were  removed  to  the  Warren  Tomb, 
in  Saint  Paul's  Church,  Boston.  August  3,  1855,  these  precious 
ashes  were  carefully  deposited  in  an  imperishable  urn,  and  placed 
^  in  the  family  vault  at  Forest  Hills  Cemetery,  where  they  now  re- 
pose. 

After  the  re-interment  in  the  Granary  Burying  Ground,  the 
procession  reformed,  and  the  Grand  Lodge  returned  to  the  State 
House.  The  following  record  was  made  up,  and  was  printed  with 
the  oration  of  Morton  :  — 

Council  Chamber,  Boston,  April  8,  1776. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  a  numerous  body  of  Free  and  Accepted  Ma- 
sons, after  the  re-interment  of  our  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master,  Joseph  Warren, 
Esq.,  who  was  slain  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  June  17,  1775, 

"  In  the  chair,  the  Right  Worshipful  Joseph  Webb,  D.  G.  M. 

"  Voted,  That  our  Brothers,  Paul  Revere,  Edward  Proctor,  and  Stephen  Bruce,  be  a 
committee  to  wait  on  our  Brother  Perez  Morton,  Esq.,  and  present  our  cordial  thanks 
for  his  oration  delivered  this  afternoon,  and  request  a  copy  thereof  for  the  press. 

Attest,  William  Hoskins,  Grand  Sco clary. "^ 


CENTENNIAL      ME.]fOR/.l  I. 


20: 


During  the  Grand  Mastership  (if  Warren,  three  charters  for 
Lodges  were  granted,  viz. :  March  2,  1 770,  Tyrian  Lodge  at  Glou- 
cester ;  May  13,  1770,  Massachusetts  Lodge  at  Boston;  March  6, 
1772,  Saint  Peter's  Lodge  at  Newburyport. 

With  the  exception  of  Saint  Peter's,  these  Lodges  are  now  in 
flourishing  existence,  and  with  their  mother,  Saint  Andrew's,  are 
here  this  evening  to  participate  in  the  Centennial  of  the  Grand 
Lodge,  whose  subordinates  they  were,  and  still  are. 

At  the  fourth  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  held  May  11,  5770, 
it  was  — 

"  Voted.  Unanimously,  as  the  opinion  of  tliis  Lodge,  that  wlKnever  sununons  are  is- 
sued for  convening  a  (Irand  Lodge,  and  in  consequence  thereof  is  congregated,  the  same 
is  to  all  intents  and  purposes  a  legal  Grand  Lodge,  however  few  in  number,  and  as  such 
may,  with  the  strictest  propriety,  proceed  to  business." 

The  doctrine  contained  in  this  vote,  as  I  understand,  is  peculiar 
to  Massachusetts,  and  has  been  substantially  followed  as  regards 
a  quorum  from  that  day  to  this.  Other  Grand  Lodges  require  the 
presence  of  the  representatives  of  a  certain  number  of  its  subordi- 
nates to  constitute  a  quorum,  while  Massachusetts  and  the  Grand 
Lodges  of  the  other  New  England  States,  are  not  restricted  by  any 
such  rule. 

There  are  many  interesting  matters  in  the  Records  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Grand  Lodge  which  I  should  be  pleased  to  refer  to  ditl 
time  permit,  especially  the  history  of  its  independence.  This  was 
the  nrst  Grand  Lodge  upon  the  continent  which  declared  its  inde- 
pendence of  all  other  Grand  Lodges,  and  which  followed  the  destiny 
of  its  coimtry  at  a  time  when  even  this  humble  support  was  most 
gratefully  received  by  every  patriotic  heart. 

At  some  other  time  I  may  trace  its  history  through  succeeding 
years  down  to  March,  1792,  when  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge 
and  Saint  John's  Grand  Lodge  mingled  together  in  fraternal  union, 
and  buried  forever  in  the  peaceful  waters  of  oblivion  the  animosities 
of  nearly  half  a  century.  in  that  union  disappeared  forever  the 
name  of  Modern  Masons,  but  there  was  reservetl   that  other  name, 


2o6 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


"Ancient"  as  well  as  "  Honorable,"  which  was  dear  to  the  Breth- 
ren of  Saint  Andrew's  and  their  associates,  and  which  we  are  still 
proud  to  retain  in  our  title. 

Brethren,  —  We  stop  for  a  moment  in  the  busy  turmoil  of  life 
to  contemplate  him  whom  the  Craft,  one  hundred  years  ago,  sa- 
luted as  their  Grand  Master.  We  view  him  during  all  those  trying 
scenes  through  which  he  passed,  until  he  offered  up  his  life  upon 
the  altar  of  Patriotism,  and  was  consigned  by  loving  hands  to  the 
silent  tomb.  We  again  open  the  grave  of  our  lamented  Grand 
Master,  and  over  his  mangled  remains  drop  the  fraternal  tear  of 
affection,  and  again  plant  there  the  acacia,  fit  emblem  of  his  earthly 
immortality. 

When  the  Centennial  again  comes  round  upon  the  dial  of  time, 
his  fame  will  be  as  world-wide  as  now,  and  the  Craft,  as  they  gath- 
er to  celebrate  the  Feast,  and  pay  their  homage  to  the  memory  of 
Warren,  may  turn  to  the  record  of  this  Festival,  and  read  that  the 
magic  spell  of  his  influence  was  upon  us,  and  that  the  "  young, 
brave,  blooming,  generous,  self-devoted  martyr "  awakened  in  our 
breasts  the  jourifying  emotions  of  tenderness  and  admiration. 


CENTENNIAL    ME.^rORIA  L.  207 


FROM  THE  GRAND  LODGE  RECORDS. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  address  of  the  Grand  Master,  the  (irand  Lodge  was  called 
from  "labor  to  refreshment." 

The  Grand  Marshal  formed  a  procession  of  the  l>rethren  with  the  Three  Great  Lights 
and  representatives  of  the  Three  Lesser  Lights  in  their  jirojier  i)laces,  with  the  mem- 
bers of  Saint  Andrew's,  Tyrian  and  Massachusetts  Lodces,  immediately  after  the 
Grand  Officers,  and  proceed«l  to  the  Banquet  Hall,  where  the  Feast  of  St.  John  the 
Evangelist  was  celebrated  after  the  manner  of  Masons. 

The  first  toast  —  To  the  memory  of  our  lamented  Grand  Master,  General  Joseph 
Warren  —  was  drank  standing,  and  in  silence. 

R.  W.  Bro.  Past  Grand  INLaster  John  T.  Heard  responded  to  a  sentiment  compli- 
mentary to  the  "  IVrassachusetts  Grand  Lodge." 

R.  W.  Bro.  Past  Grand  ALaster  Winslow  Lewis,  to  "Saint  John's  Grand  Lodge." 

For  Saint  Andrew's  Lodge,  R.  W.  Bro.  Past  Grand  Master  William  Parkman, 
R.  W.  P.  D.  G.  Master  C.  W.  Moore,  and  Bro.  Hamilton  Willis  responded. 

The  M.  W.  Bro.  Amos  E.  Cobb  answered  for  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Connecticut. 

Letters  were  read  from  Grand  Masters  John  H.  Lynde,  of  Maine,  A.  M.  Winn,  of 
New  Hampshire,- James  Gibson,  of  New  York,  and  from  R.  W.  Bro.  Drummond,  of 
Maine,  excusing  and  regretting  their  absence. 

For  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  and  the  Grand  Master,  the  Earl  of  Zetland,  W. 
Bro.  Alfred  F.  Chapman,  Master  of  Zetland  Lodge,  responded.  •     • 

W.  Bro.  John  A.  Goodwin  spoke  for  Tyrian  Lodge. 

R.  W.  Bro.  Marshall  P.  Wilder  spoke  for  Massachusetts  Lodge. 

R.  W.  Bro.  Past  Grand  Master  Charles  C.  Dame,  answered  for  Saint  Peter's  Lodge, 
formerly  of  Newburyport. 

The  Grand  Chaplain,  W.  Bro.  James  A.  Bolles,  responded  to  a  sentiment  relating 
to  St.  John  the  Evangelist. 

At  the  Feast,  ninety-seven  brethren  sat  down,  and  their  names  are  entered  upon  the 
Record  of  the  Comnumication.  The  speeches  were  elo(iuent,  and  full  of  interesting 
historic  matter. 

The  Grand  Lodge  was  called  from  "refreshment  to  labor." 

At  Low  Twelve  the  R.  W.  Deputy  Grand  Master  closed  the  M.  W.  Grand  Lodge  of 
Massachusetts  in  due  form. 

Solon  Thornton,  Rcc.   Graiul  Secrctury. 


■2o8  C ENTE N NIA  L     M E  M  O  RIA  L. 


THE  BANQUET  AND  SPEECHES. 

The  tables  were  spread  in  the  Grand  Banquetting  Hall  of  the  Temple.  The 
M.  W.  Wm.  S.  Gardner,  Grand  Master,  presided,  and  after  the  removal  of  the 
cloth,  lead  oft"  in  the  more  intellectual  part  of  the  Feast,  in  a  brief,  eloquent 
speech,  and  then  felicitously  called  upon  the  brethren  as  set  down  in  the  record 
above. 

SPEECH  OF  R.  W.  JOHN  T.  HEARD,  P.  G.  M. 

Most  Worshipful:  — 

Since  last  evening,  when  you  honored  me  with  the  request  that  I  would  re- 
spond to  the  toast  which  has  just  been  announced,  I  have  gathered  together  a 
few  facts  suggested  by  the  toast  and  pertinent  to  the  occasion  we  are  cele- 
brating. 

A  century  ago  yesterday,  a  number  of  young  men  met  in  Masons'  Hall,  in  the 
Green  Dragon  Tavern,  on  the  corner  of  Hanover  and  Union  streets,  in  the 
town  of  Boston,  the  metropolis  of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  and  of  New 
England.  The  gleam  of  joy  which  animated  their  countenances,  the  hearty 
congratulations  which  passed  between  them,  and  their  air  of  triumph,  denoted 
that  the  occasion  of  their  assembling  gave  them  great  satisfaction  and  jjleas- 
ure.  They  were  fellow-townsmen,  friends  and  brother  masons  ;  and  it  was  in 
the  latter  of  these  relations  that  they  were  then  about  to  act.  Among  tliem 
were  Joseph  Warren,  he  who  gave  his  life  a  sacrifice  to  his  country ;  Paul 
Revere,  the  skilful,  intelligent  and  patriotic  mechanic  ;  Joseph  Webb,  a  colonel 
in  the  war  of  the  revolution  ;  Dr.  John  Warren,  the  eminent  surgeon  ;  Chris- 
topher Gore  and  Perez  Morton ;  Jeremiah  French,  P.  Molesworth,  Thomas 
Crafts,  William  Palfrey,  Moses  Deshon,  Ezra  Collins,  Samuel  Barrett,  Joseph 
Tyler,  Dr.  Samuel  Danforth,  Thomas  Urann  and  Edward  Proctor. 

The  meeting  having  been  called  to  order,  Bro.  Warren  announced  that  he 
had  received  a  commission  from  the  Right  Honorable  and  Most  Worshipful 
George,  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  Scotland,  bearing  date 
the  30th  day  of  May,  5769,  appointing  him  to  be  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in 
Boston,  New  England,  and  within   one  hundred  miles  of  the    same.     Where- 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  209 

upon,  Bro.  Warren  was  installed  and  proclaimed  as  Riglit  Worshipful  Grand 
Master.  He  afterwards  appointed  and  invested  the  other  Grand  Officers, 
namely :  — 

R.  W.  Jeremiah  French,  Senior  G.  Warden  ;  R.  W.  P.  Molesworth,  Junior 
G.  Warden  ;  Thomas  Crafts,  G.  Treasurer ;  and  William  Palfrey,  G.  Secre- 
tary. Bro.  Webb  was  subsequently  appointed  Deputy  G.  Master.  The  Grand 
Feast  was  then  celebrated  "  after  the  manner  of  Masons." 

At  that  time  the  town  of  Boston  embraced  about  four  thousand  houses,  and 
twenty  thousand  inhabitants.  The  population  chiefly  resided  on  tlie  outer  end 
of  the  then  narrow  tongue  of  land  connected  with  the  main  land  at  Roxbury. 
The  Green  Dragon  Tavern  was  nearly  in  the  centre  of  this  population. 

Freemasonry  had  been  established  in  Boston  thirty-six  years  before,  by  the 
Saint  John's  Grand  Lodge,  who  derived  their  Charter  or  warrant  from  the  G. 
Lodge  of  England.  In  1756,  Saint  Andrew's  Lodge  received  a  Charter  from 
Lord  Aberdour,  then  G.  Master  of  Scotland.  The  members  of  the  latter 
claimed  to  be  ancient,  while  those  of  the  former  were  denominated  modern 
Masons.  A  Grand  Lodge  of  ancient  Masons  being  desired  by  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge  and  other  ancient  Masons,  they  petitioned  the  Grand  Master  of  Scot- 
land for  the  commission,  the  acts  under  which  this  occasion  is  intended,  more 
particularly,  to  commemorate. 

At  the  quarterly  communication  of  the  Massachusetts  G.  Lodge,  held  Dec. 
27,  57755  was  read  a  commission  from  the  Right  Honorable  and  Most  Worship- 
ful Patrick,  Earl  of  Dumfries,  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  Scotland,  bearing 
date  the  third  of  March,  5772,  appointing  R.  W.  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  Grand 
Master  of  ^L'lsons  for  the  continent  of  America.  It  will  be  observed  that  the 
jurisdiction  assigned  to  Bro.  Warren  in  the  first  commission  was  Boston  and 
one  hundred  miles  of  the  same,  while  that  last  given  was  for  the  continent  of 
America. 

Bro.  Warren  remained  at  the  head  of  the  Massachusetts  G.  Lodge  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  June  17,  1775.  The  last  communication  over  which  he  pre- 
sided was  that  of  Marcli  3,  1775. 

Boston  being  in  possession  of  the  British  army  until  March  18,  1776,  no 
meetings  of  the  G.  Lodge  could  of  course  be  held  during  that  time.  It  was  not 
long  after  that  occurrence,  but  previous  to  any  regular  coninii/nication,  that  the 
brethren  caused  the  remains  of  their  G.  Master  to  l)c  removed  with  appropriate 

27 


4IO  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

ceremonies  from  Bunker  Hill,  to  the  Granary  Burying  Ground.  Afterwards 
they  were  placed  in  a  tomb  under  Saint  Paul's  Church  in  Boston,  by  his  rela- 
tives. 

On  the  8th  of  March,  1777,  an  Independent  Grand  Lodge  was  formed  "with 
powers  and  prerogatives,  to  be  exercised  on  principles  consistent  with  and  sub- 
ordinate to  the  regulations  pointed  out  in  the  ^Constitutions  of  Ancient 
Masonry i' "  This,  it  is  believed,  was  the  first  G.  Lodge  estabhshed,  indepen- 
dently of  European  authority,  in  the  United  States,  late  Provinces  of  England. 

Under  this  organization  the  Grand  Lodge  elected  Col.  Joseph  Webb  as  Grand 
Master.  He  was  elected  annually  to  the  office  until  1783,  when,  on  account  of 
Col.  W.'s  military  duties  calling  him  out  of  the  State,  Dr.  John  Warren  was 
chosen  G.  Master  for  1 783. 

Again,  in  1784,  Bro.  Webb  became  G.  Master,  in  which  capacity  he  acted  until 
the  time  of  his  death  in  1786. 

Dr.  John  Warren  succeeded  him  in  1787. 
'     In  1788,  Bro.  Moses   M.  Hayes  became  Grand   Master.     He  held  the  office 
until  the  union  with  the  St.  John  G.  Lodge,  March  5,  1792. 

Of  the  Lodges  to  whom  the  Massachusetts  G.  Lodge  granted  Charters  in  this 
Commonwealth,  there  now  exist  only  — 

Tyrian,  Gloucester,  chartered  March  2,  1770. 
Massachusetts,  Boston,  chartered  May  13,  1770. 
Essex,  Salem,  chartered  March  9,  1779. 
King  Solomon's,  Charlestown,  chartered  Sept.  5,  1783. 

With  the  exception  of  about  two  years  succeeding  the  death  of  Warren, 
which  includes  the  period  in  which  Boston  was  garrisoned  by  British  troops, 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  met  with  great  regularity  for  nearly  a  quar- 
ter of  a  century,  while  the  Saint  John's  G.  Lodge  held  no  communication  from 
January  27,  1775,  until  1787. 

The  union  of  the  two  Grand  Lodges,  March  5,  1792,  was  a  hearty  co-opera- 
tion of  brethren  whose  ritualistic  differences,  in  themselves  puerile,  were  hap- 
pily ended.  This  unity  has  given  efficiency  to  the  acts  of  the  Fraternity,  de- 
signed to  promote  its  usefulness  and  influence,  and  has  carried  us  through 
good  and  evil  to  a  condition  of  influence  and  prosperity  which,  through  divided 
counsels,  would  never  have  been  attained. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  211 


SPEECH  OF  R.  W.  WM.  PARKMAN,  P.  G.  M. 

Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master :  — 

In  response  to  your  call,  I  rise,  though  my  call  was  entirely  unexpected,  and 
I  am  therefore  unprepared  to  speak  ;  Ijut,  sir,  permit  me  to  thank  you  for  your 
very  flattering  and  kind  introduction,  and  if  in  any  way  I  have  ever  contributed 
anything  by  way  of  steadfast  devotion  to  this  Institution,  which  has  aided  in  its 
prosperity,  thereby  meriting  the  commendation  of  my  brethren,  no  higher  award 
of  praise  could  be  desired.  But  on  this  occasion  all  who  have  been  called  up, 
were  previously  notified,  and  amply  prepared  ;  and  upon  all  occasions  my  ex- 
cellent Brother  Moore  is  expected  to  answer  from  the  storehouse  of  his  prolific 
mind  for  any  call  that  may  be  made  upon  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  —  of  whose  his- 
tory he  is  the  Royal  bound  Edition,  having  been  present  when  the  foundation 
of  our  history  was  laid.  But  as  you  all  know,  he  don't  like  to  talk,  but  he  pre- 
fers to  think  and  write.  But,  sir,  for  and  in  behalf  of  the  good  old  Lodge  of 
St.  Andrew,  permit  me  to  return  you  our  united  thanks  for  the  very  able  and 
beautiful  address  to  which  we  have  this  day  listened.  An  address  beautiful  in 
its  diction,  fair  in  its  treatment  of  historic  fact  wherever  found,  and  so  truthful 
in  the  relation  of  incidents  now  a  century  old,  tliat  all  who  have  to-day  listened 
to  it,  have  silently  resolved  to  dedicate  themselves  anew  with  more  and  renewed 
devotion  to  the  upholding  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  whose  whole 
history  was  so  gloriously  begun  by  men  pre-eminent  in  every  good  work  and 
word. 

Sir,  while  you  was  to-day  speaking  of  the  moral  beauty  of  Warren's  life,  I 
could  but  compare  his  life  with  the  beautiful  tenets  of  our  Institution, — 
Brotherly  Love,  Relief,  and  Truth,  —  and  every  time  we  hear  the  virtues  of  the 
illustrious  dead  repeated,  they  shine  with  greater  lustre.  Our  tenets  are  like 
the  harp,  whose  strings,  wlien  swept  by  a  master  hand,  bring  out  the  diviner 
melodies  of  sweetest  music  which  stimulate  us  all  anew,  leading  us  all  to  strive 
to  see  "who  best  can  work  and  l^est  agree."  In  common  witii  all,  we  owe  our 
love  to  the  immortal  Warren  ;  but  with  us  there  is  anotlicr  jjond.  He  was  ot 
our  Lodge,  —  of  us,  —  of  our  family.  The  moment  a  member  enters  there, 
amouir  his  earliest  instructions  are  reminiscences  of  Warren,  Burhcck.  Kcvere. 


212  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Sigourney,  Purkett,  and  a  host  of  others  who  carried  on  the  Lodge  in  the  old 
Green  Dragon  Tavern,  a  building  which  stood  in  Union  street,  in  the  time  of 
the  Revolution,  and  was  then  and  is  now  the  property  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 
The  traditions,  the  instructions  of  these  prominent  men,  are  so  often  talked  of, 
that  every  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  feels  additional  pride,  when  they 
know  of  anything  to  the  glory  of  one  who  was  of  us,  and  of  our  own  Lodge. 
In  the  memory  of  him  whom  we  have  to-day  met  to  celebrate,  we  are  all  per- 
sonally interested,  and  we  certainly  thank  the  Grand  Lodge  for  allowing  us  the 
privilege  of  being  present  and  having  the  great  pleasure  of  participating  in 
these  interesting  ceremonies. 

Again  thanking  you  for  the  privilege  of  speaking,  I  will,  with  your  permission 
offer  as  a  sentiment : 

The  memory  of  Past  Grand  Master  Joseph  Warren,  —  a  gem  of  purest  lustre,  which 
this  Centennial  Day  has  reset  with  added  splendor. 


SPEECH  OF  BRO.  HAMILTON  WILLIS, 
In  reply  to  a  sentiment  given  in  honor  of  The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew. 

Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master :  — 

By  reason  of  the  unavoidable  absence  of  Doctor  Ezra  Palmer,  the  accom- 
plished Master  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew, — an  absence  which  is  to  be  re- 
gretted exceedingly,  —  it  is  made  my  duty  first  to  say  to  you.  Sir,  on  his  behalf, 
that  nothing  less  than  an  engagement  professionally,  would  have  kept  the  Wor- 
shipful Master  of  St.  Andrew's  awa}'  from  a  scene  here  to-night  of  so  much 
interest  to  him,  and  which  you,  Most  Worshipful,  have  by  your  graceful  line  of 
remark  made  an  occasion  of  so  much  honor  to  the  ancient  Lodge  of  St.  An- 
drew. In  behalf  of  that  Lodge  then,  I  thank  you  for  having  given  official  recog- 
nition of  this  Centennial  Day,  —  the  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  Second  or 
"  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,"  and  still  more  significantly  the  commemoration 
of  a  century  since  General  Joseph  Warren,  the  first  great  martyr  of  the  Revo- 
lution, was  saluted  in  ample  form  as  Grand  Master  in  this  Commonwealth,  tlien 
a  colony  of  Great  Britain. 

St.  Andrew's  thanks  you.  Sir,  for  remembering  that  Warren  came  from  tliat 
Lodge,  and  also  for  the  eloquent  language  and  historic  judgment  by  which  you 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  213 

were  pleased  to  estimate  the  part  that  Lodge  took  in  maintaining  Freemasonry 
through  the  trying  events  which  betided  the  cliange  from  colonial  dependence  to 
National  independence. 

St.  Andrew's  however,  must  not  take  too  much  merit  to  itseU",  without  attril)- 
uting  something  to  circumstances.  It  was  tlie  good  fortune,  Sir,  of  tliat  Lodge, 
—  alone  in  the  whole  Order,  — to  be  the  owner  of  a  House  of  its  own,  from  the 
very  beginning  of  the  series  of  memorable  acts,  which  culminated  in  the  supreme 
act  of  the  American  Revolution.  The  same  noted  estate  has  remained  tlie 
property  of  this  Lodge  ever  since.  On  this  estate  was  the  building  known  as 
the  Green  Dragon  Tavern  ;  yes,  a  century  ago  it  was  known  as  tlie  "  Old  Careen 
Dragon."  Here,  the  idea  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  was  conceived  ; 
here,  its  purpose  and  organization  were  matured  ;  from  this  Jiouse  its  petition 
for  "  erection  "  went  forth  to  Scotland  ;  here,  Warken  was  first  saluted  as 
Grand  Master  ;  here  he  passed  his  whole  Masonic  life  with  St.  Andrew's  ; 
it  was  here  that  he  held  secret  counsel  together  with  tlie  patriots  ;  and  it  was 
here  in  the  "•  Green  Dragon,"  in  the  Lodge  room  of  St.  Andrew's,  that  tlie 
communications  of  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  were  iield,  from  first  to  last, 
without  interruption  during  the  Revolution,  save  while  the  British  army  occu- 
pied the  town.  For  the  whole  period  of  thirteen  years,  next  succeeding  the 
event  we  are  this  night  celebrating,  the  Grand  Lodge  and  St.  Andrew's  were 
nearly  identical  in  persons.  At  the  commencement  in  1769,  the  Grand  Master 
of  the  one,  and  the  Master  of  the  other,  were  the  same  individual  Brother,  — 
Joseph  Warken!  In  1777,  on  an  occasion  which  is  sometimes  reckoned  as 
the  era  of  the  independence  of  the  Grand  Lodge  over  which  you  now  preside, 
every  member  of  tliat  distinguished  body,  but  one,  were  members  of  the  Lodge 
of  St.  Andrew.  But  there  came  a  change  over  the  spirit  of  these  close  rela- 
tions ;  parent  and  child  were  sundered  !  And  I  am  not  agoing  to  tell  the  story 
of  that  domestic  jar;  no,  no,  not  to-niglit,  not  a  word  more  either  of  "ancient 
and  modern  "  family  parting.  You,  Most  Worshipful,  with  your  familiar  ac- 
quaintance with  Massachusetts  Masonic  history  for  a  century  and  a  quarter 
past,  can  tenderly  appreciate  this  claim  for  St.  Andrew's  of  tiuis  mucli  of  inti- 
mate connection  with  regular  Grand  Lodge  jurisdiction  in  Massachusetts.  Sir, 
the  long  years  of  utter  isolation  from  any  affiliation  wliatsoever  witii  Grand 
Lodge  or  Brethren,  endured  by  my  l)e]oved  Lodge,  may  iileasanlly  now  suggest 
a  likeness  to  tlie  parable  of  that  prodigal   son  of  Scripture.  —  St.  Andrew's,  'tis 


214  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

true,  can't  be  said  to  have  eaten  man\-  husks,  owning  a  famous  Inn  all  the  while 
as  it  did,  but  surely  that  fond  parent,  this  Grand  Lodge,  when  we  came  home  in 
1809,  did  welcome  us  even  when  "afar  off,  and  did  bring  hither  the  fatted  calf 
and  kill  it,  saying  let  us  eat  and  be  merry,"  declaring  also  to  the  rest  of  the 
household,  "thy  Brother  was  dead,  and  is  alive  again,  was  lost  and  is  found." 

St.  Andrew's  nevertheless,  must  be  proud  of  its  record,  proud  too,  of  its 
return  to  this  Grand  Lodge,  —  her  parent  by  lawful  adoption  ;  and  Brethren,  it 
is  owing  to  the  courtesy  and  good  will  invoked  by  occasions  like  this,  in  days 
gone  by,  that  the  way  has  been  smoothed  out  of  the  bitterness  of  old  contro- 
versies, towards  bringing  into  one  fold  the  entire  Masonic  Fraternity  of  IVIassa- 
chusetts.  Sir,  the  Grand  Lodge  of.  this  State  was  pre-eminent  in  its  good 
offices  for  this  noble  accomplishment.  Before  the  sands  of  the  eighteenth 
century  had  run  out,  the  welcome  note  of  harmony,  the  harbinger  of  Masonic 
union  went  forth  from  this  jurisdiction. 

Well  met  then  to  honor  the  Epoch  of  1769,  well  met  always  at  the  call  to 
refreshment  of  our  venerable  Grand  Lodge,  to  contemplate  in  social  inter- 
change, the  bright  heritage  which  century  by  century  shall  bequeath  our  Order, 
and  to  refresh  the  duties  of  the  present,  with  the  life-current  of  the  past. 

I  give  you  as  a  sentiment : 

The  Most  Worshipful  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts, — erected  in  1733;  co-eval 
with  the  modern  organization  of  Freemasonry;  re-inforced  in  1792,  by  harmoniously 
concentrating  within  itself  all  Massachusetts  Masonic  jurisdiction  ;  perfected  in  1S09, 
by  the  honorable  and  complete  affiliation  of  the  Brethren  throughout  her  borders  ;  — 
the  Grand  Lodge  stands  to-day,  consecrated  in  the  obedience,  veneration,  and  love  of 
all  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  !  May  she  abide  in  the  roll  of  centuries  to  come,  a  per- 
petual benediction,  and  her  Centennial  Days  be  grateful  re-unions  in  general  thanks- 
giving ! 


SPEECH  OF  THE  REV.  BRO.  JAMES  A.  BOLLES,  D.D., 
GRAND  CHAPLAIN, 

Most  JVors/u'pful  Grand  Master:  — 

In  response  to  the  toast  just  read,  and  your  kind  remarks,  I  wish  in  the  fiist 
place  to  thank  you  for  your  appointment  of  mc  to  the  office  which  I  hold  in  tliis 


CE  NTE  NNiA  L    J/  E  M  O  RI A  L 


^15 


Grand  Lodge  —  a  most  distinguished  honor  wliich  I  sliall  always  rcmeml)er 
with  gratitude  and  affection.  When  I  first  received  tlie  notice  of  this  Centennial 
Celebration  of  tlie  Inauguration  of  the  Immortal  Warren,  as  Grand  Master,  and 
saw  that  it  was  to  be  on  this  day,  as  the  Feast  of  St.  Jolm  the  Evangelist,  my 
first  thought  was,  tliat  our  Fraternity  had  made  a  change  in  the  Christian 
Calendar,  or  had  mistaken  the  day  for  that  of  the  Holy  Innocents  —  the  former 
of  which  is  on  the  27th,  and  the  latter,  the  28th,  the  day  on  wliich  we  are 
assembled.  But  upon  examination  I  found  from  the  notice  that  no  mistake 
liad  been  made,  and  that  God  in  His  providence  had  so  arranged  the  Ecclesi- 
astical year,  as  that  we  could  with  propriety  combine  in  one  celebration  the 
whole  galaxy  of  suns  and  stars,  which  must  forever  usher  in,  and  follow  after, 
and  shine  around,  that  most  blessed  and  glorious  of  all  events,  the  Festival  of 
Christmas  —  the  central  sun  of  the  firmament  from  which  all  others  derive  their 
radiancy  and  their  glory.  Then  it  seemed  to  me,  a  special  blessing  that  Ijoth 
the  Festivals  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  and  of  the  Holy  Innocents,  sliould  be 
combined  in  our  celebration  to-day  ;  for  in  many  remarkable  respects,  both  are 
illustrative,  not  only  of  the  principles,  but  of  the  history  of  our  Order. 

Who  was  St.  John  .^  Not  only  an  apostle,  not  only  an  Evangelist,  but  of  all 
the  apostles,  and  of  all  Evangelists,  the  most  wonderful  exponent  and  defender 
of  the  three  cardinal  virtues,  upon  which  our  Institution  is  based,  —  EaitJi, 
Hope  and  Charity.  Then  as  St.  John  the  Divine,  in  his  Book  of  Revelations, 
we  have  all  the  mystical  signs,  symbols,  emblems,  mementos,  tokens,  and  out- 
ward representations  which,  in  all  ages,  have  especially  distinguished  the  Insti- 
tution to  which  we  belong,  and  for  the  maintenance  and  protection  of  which  in 
the  world,  our  Order  has  accomplished  almost  more  than  any  branch  of  tlie 
Christian  Church. 

Who  were  the  Holy  Innocents  ?  Unconscious  martyrs  for  the  trutli.  It 
was  the  design  of  Herod  by  the  massacre  of  these  Holy  Innocents,  to  crush  and 
destroy  the  Infant  Saviour,  and  in  the  i)ride  and  pom])  of  his  worldly  power,  he 
vainly  imagined  that  the  object  was  accomplished.  But  how  impotent  the  ctTort  ! 
The  Infant  Saviour  rose  again,  with  renewed  energy  and  power,  and  at  all 
times,  and  in  every  place,  no  bars  of  deatli  or  of  hell  Iiave  been  able  to  confine 
Him  in  tlie  grave.  So  it  has  been,  I  say  it  with  reverence,  and  so  it  must  ever 
be  with  the  great  ])rinciples  of  our  Order.  Many  liave  been  tlie  seasons  of  trial 
and  persecution  when  our  enemies  have  imagined    tlial   tiie   Brotherhood,  wiiirli 


2i6  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

we  represent,  was  destroyed,  and  many  have  been  the  unconscious  martyrs  who 
have  suflfered  and  died  in  its  defence.  I  say  unconscious,  because  they  were 
as  ignorant  ahnost  as  tlie  new-born  babe  of  the  glorious  resuhs  of  their  fidehty, 
nor  can  there  be  any  doubt  that  over  and  above  all  temporal  considerations, 
they  simply  surrendered  themselves  to  the  necessity  of  the  occasion,  as  sheep 
led  to  the  slaughter.  The  tendency  of  all  such  persecutions  has  been  simply 
to  reproduce  a  new  generation  of  men,  ready  to  act  as  unconscious  martyrs, 
strono-er  and  more  indestructible  than  before. 
Let  me  propose  to  you,  as  a  sentiment, 

The  Types  and  Emblems  of  St.  John  the  Divine,  and  of  The  Holy  Innocents. 

SPEECH  OF  R.  W.  CHARLES  LEVI  WOODBURY,  D.  G.  M. 

The  M.  W.  Grand  Master  here  resigned  the  Gavel  to  the  R.  W.  Deputy 
Grand  Master  Charles  Levi  Woodbury,  who  assumed  the  chair,  and  said  — 

Brethren :  — 

The  Grand  Master,  unwilling  that  this  feast  of  reason  and  flow  of  soul  should 
be  retarded,  has  directed  me  to  perform  the  functions  of  my  station  by  presiding 
over  this  Grand  Lodge  during  his  absence. 

A  Centennial  celebration  of  an  important  event  transitorilly  arising  in  the 
history  of  a  voluntary  and  charitable  society  is  a  rare  thing  in  this  land  of 
change  and  progress.  As  I  have  Hstened  to  the  interesting  facts  of  a  hundred 
years  ago,  thrown  in  life-like  images  on  our  attention,  by  the  eloquent  orators 
of  the  evening,  my  imagination  has  gone  back  to  that  era,  and  I  am  impressed 
with  the  great  part  which  the  Free  Masons  of  this  continent  played  in  the 
struggle  for  Independence  and  self-government.  How  notable  was  tlie  share 
that  the  children  of  the  widow's  son  had  in  noble  deeds  and  generous  devotion 
to  their  country  !  Their  country  do  I  say.  At  first  it  only  existed  in  the  deep 
recesses  of  their  souls,  where  the  hidden  light  alone  illuminates.  Reason  and 
justice  approved  the  thought.  Their  strong  wills  said  "  so  mote  it  be,"  and 
they  bent  their  willing  hearts  and  brawny  arms  to  create  that  concrete  and  living 
fact  —  our  country.  I  cannot  name  all  those  who  stood  on  the  lower  spokes  of 
fortune's  wheel,  nor  even  all  the  heroes  and  statesmen  who  issued  from  our 
Lodges  to  build  this  new  Temple  in  the  West,  where  in  equity  and  justice,  in 
equality  and  fraternity,  the  pursuit  of  liappiness  was  to  go  on.     Washington 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  217 

and  Franklin,  La  Fayette  and  Warren,  —  that  Grand  Master  whom  we  mourn  to- 
niglit  —  are  not  they  enough  to  name  on  this  occasion  ?     Warren  baptizing  with 
his  martyr  blood  the  cause  of  liberty.     The  four,  building  like  Ne^iemiah  of  old, 
with  his  sword  in  one  hand,  his  trowel  in  the  other.     What  more  poetic  and 
heroic  picture  does  history  shadow  in  modern  or  ancient  times  ?     Massachusetts 
mourned  her  young  hero  with  acute  grief ;  did   she   think   then   tliat  his   name 
would  be  immortal  in  the  history  of  men  and  Masons  ?     Yet  it  is  men  like  these 
who  link  the  present  and  the  past  in  fraternal  sympathy.     Our  reverential  hero- 
worship  and  the  spirit-moved  self-abnegation  of  the  hero  make  us  one.     From 
his  immolation  of  mean  pleasures  and  low  ambitions  on  the  altar  of  his  liigli 
purposes  comes  a  legacy  of  good  which  we  repay  by  our  gratitude.     Amid  this 
perpetual  war  of  Ormuzd  and  Ahriman,  of  good  and  evil,  faith  aids  us  to  cling 
to  the  past,  and  hope  guides  us  trustfully  towards  the  imknown  future.     A  hun- 
dred years  ago  in  our  good  city,  Freemasonry  was  the  lofty  school   for  bold 
devoted  men,  both  of  humble  and  conspicuous  positions  in  society.     The  tri- 
angle told  its  mystic  lesson  of  heaven,  and  the  square  taught  the  rule  of  honest 
and  correct  life.     The  sentinel  Tyler  did  his  duty  without,  and  the  Worshipful 
Master  governed  within.     The  like  ritual  taught  the  like  lessons  of  duty  and 
benevolence.     That  well  of  spiritual  truth,  the  holy  IJible,  was  reverentially  con- 
sulted.    Freemasonry  has  learned  no  new  lessons  of  duty  to  man  or  God  since. 
Tlie  rule  of  unchanging  right  was  taught  then  ;  time  has  not  improved  upon  it. 
A  hundred  years  ago  to-night,  and  Warren  stood  before  St.  Andrew's  Lodge, 
clothed  in  the  insignia  of  his  high  station,  eloquently  addressing  the  members 
on  the  anticjuity  of  the  Craft,  the  stern  purity  of  its  morals,  and  the  liberality  of 
its  benevolence  ;  perhaps  some  veiled  thoughts  radiant  witli  the  spirit-light  of  a 
dawning  liberty,  giving  passion's  roseate  hue  to  the  youthful  lips  of  the  fervid 
orator.     When  this  century  has  passed  away,  from  this  chair,  some  other  Grand 
ALaster  more  eloquent  than  myself,  may  repeat  the  like  thoughts.     Thus  two 
centuries  ago  in  China,  the  first  Grand  Master  of  the  Hung  League  invoked  the 
three  Grand  Masters  who  met  in  the  Peach  Garden  fifteen  centuries  before  to 
organize  the  mystic  Heaven  and  Earth  League.    So  also  the  serene  countenance 
of  the  Granite  Memnon  for  thrice   a  thousand  years   has  defied   unmoved   tlie 
storms  and  heat  of  Egypt,  and  thus  in  calm  and  awful  grandeur  tlie  veiled  truths 
of  Freemasonry  unscathed  by  revolutions,  uncankered   by  the   calm  ol   peace, 
still  reflect  the  same  serene  light. 

28 


2i8  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Bretliren,  we  are  responsible  for  all  time  for  the  liglit  entrusted  to  our  care  ; 
and  let  Warren's  example  teach  us  that  manifested  in  the  upright  lives  of  the 
fraternity  are  the  fruits  of  those  mysteiMes,  which  it  is  the  glory  of  God  and  of 
the  faithful  spirit  to  conceal. 

In  response  to  the  toast,  Freedom  and  Freemasonry, 

R.  W.  JOHN  H.  SHEPPARD  spoke  as  follows:  — 

Tlie  connection  between  Freedom  and  Freemasonry  was  a  remarkable  trait 
in  the  early  history  of  our  institution,  and  has  been  conspicuous  at  all  periods 
since.  The  illustrious  Warren,  whose  installation  as  the  first  Grand  Master  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  one  hundred  years  ago  this  evening  is  celebrated,  lived  and  - 
died  in  the  cause  of  Freedom.  The  brief  notice,  therefore,  of  Pythagoras,  the 
Friend  of  Wisdom,  who  left  Samos,  his  native  country,  because  he  was  disgusted 
with  the  tyranny  of  Polycrates,  and  who  afterwards  exerted  a  vast  influence  in 
promoting  free  institutions  in  Magna  Grcecia,  will  not  be  inappropriate,  as  the 
antiquity  of  Masonry  has  ever  been  associated  with  his  name. 

Pythagoras  was  one  of  the  most  extraordinary  and  renowned  men  in  any  age 
or  country.  He  was  the  first  who  assumed  the  name  of  philosopher.  He 
was  born  about  588,  and  died  500  years  before  Christ.  His  father  Mnesarchus 
was  a  person  of  distinction,  who  gave  him  a  fine  education.  At  eighteen  he 
won  the  crown  at  the  Olympic  Games,  where  the  elegance  of  his  person  and 
the  courteousness  of  his  address  attracted  much  attention.  In  pursuit  of 
knowledge  he  travelled  to  Egypt,  Chakhca  and  Persia,  and  according  to 
Cicero,  who  called  him  vir prcestanti  sapienfia,  he  visited  many  countries  on  foot. 
In  the  island  of  Crete,  he  was  initiated  into  the  Eleusinian  Mysteries  of  Greece, 
and  in  Egypt,  into  the  priesthood,  and  ceremonies  of  Isis.  It  was  Isis  who  said, 
/  am  all  tJiat  has  been.,  that  shall  be,  and  tioiw  atnong  mortals  has  hitherto  taken 
off  my  7>eil. 

At  the  age  of  forty  he  selected  Crotona  for  his  residence  and  opened  his 
famous  school.  Crotona  (now  Cortona)  in  the  kingdom  of  Naples,  lies  near  the 
mouth  of  the  river  /Esarus,  which  enters  the  Ionian  sea  ;  a  walled  city  with  a 
strong  citadel  and  about  five  thousand  inhabitants,  though  anciently  thirty  thou- 
sand, when  it  was  one  of  the  richest  and  most  powerful  cities  in  Magna  Griecia  ; 
now  it  is  a  decayed  and  abject  place. 

He  was  skilled  in  music,  medicine  and  geometry  ;  and  such  was  his  advance 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  219 

ill  astronomy,  that  he  placed  the  sun  in  the  centre  of  the  solir  system  and  the 
planets  revolving  in  their  orbits  around  it ;  and  more  tlian  twenty  centuries 
passed  before  this  tact  was  established  and  believed.  He  added  strings  to  the 
harp  and  increased  tlie  scale  of  music.  Dr.  Burnet  says  he  invented  the  har- 
monical  canon  or  monochord.  His  discoveries  in  geometry  were  very  great ; 
many  of  them  were  found  in  Euclid,  particularly  the  celebrated  47th  Proposition, 
of  such  infinite  value,  the  demonstration  of  which  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
pieces  of  scientific  logic  which  are  known. 

In  addition  to  his  school  he  instituted  a  college 'in  his  house,  where  the  more 
abstruse  sciences  were  taught.  Jambhcus,  who  wrote  his  life  in  Latin  —  I  have 
seen  no  English  translation  of  this  work  —  speaks  of  his  college,  where  a  broth- 
erhood used  to  assemble  in  secret  meetings,  using  mysterious  symbols  and 
peculiar  signs  of  recognition.  Whence  many  learned  writers  have  derived  the 
rudiments  of  Masonry,  and  therefore  from  time  immemorial  he  has  been  claimed 
by  Masons  as  a  brother,  and  his  celebrated  Square  of  the  Hypotenuse  recog- 
nized as  a  symbol.  The  late  Law-professor  Simon  Greenleaf,  L.L.  D.,  of  Cam- 
bridge, a  distinguished  civilian  and  formerly  G.  IVL  of  Maine,  was  a  firm  believer 
in  the  Masonic  School  of  Pythagoras,  and  in  his  work  m\  Freemasonry  refers 
to  it. 

The  aspect  of  the  Samian  sage  was  noble  and  liis  presence  dignified.  His 
life  was  devout  in  religious  duties  and  exemplary  in  morals  ;  and  such  was  his 
habit  of  abstemiousness,  that  he  avoided  animal  food.  The  influence  which  he 
exerted  in  Crotona  was  so  powerful,  that  it  is  said,  he  reformed  the  voluptuous 
and  vicious  habits  of  the  young  men,  and  his  eloquent  lectures  were  hstened  to 
by  large  crowds.  From  Pythagoras  emanated  the  maxim,  '■'■  My  friend  is  my 
better  half r  In  the  midst  of  an  idolatrous  people,  he  worshipped  one  God  — 
the  Supreme  Intelligence.  His  "  Golden  Verses "  have  come  down  to  us  in 
Greek ;  they  were  translated  by  Dr.  Watts,  and  may  be  found  in  his  "  Improve- 
ment of  the  Mind  "  — a  book  deserving  a  place  in  every  young  man's  library. 

How  sweet  the  home  of  this  good  ni;in  ; 

His  "Golden  Verses"  led  the  way ; 
With  orison  tiie  morn  began, 

With  vesper  hyniii  he  closed  the  day. 
Such  was  I'ythagoras,  one  of  the  purest  and  greatest   men    that   ever  lived  — 
one  who  should  be  endeared  to  every  Mason. 


220  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Crotona,  once  so  beautiful, 

The  glory  of  the  Ionian  sea, 
Lives  but  in  memory  of  the  school 

Whose  light  illumin'd  Italy. 
No  more  the  watchman  from  the  tower 

Espies  the  Adriatic  fleet ; 
Like  moonbeams  in  their  waning  hour. 

The  past  glooms  o'er  the  grass-grown  street. 

Yet,  there  Pythagoras  foretold 

Truths,  which  for  ages  none  could  solve  ; 
He  saw  the  planets,  as  they  roll'd. 

Around  a  central  sun  revolve. 
He  swept  the  harp  of  ancient  time  ; 

Chords  then  unknown  his  spirit  stirr'd  ; 
Till,  listening  in  his  soul  sublime. 

The  music  of  the  spheres  he  heard. 

He  solv'd  that  geometric  Gem, 

No  Ariadne  could  explore, 
The  pearl  in  Euclid's  diadem. 

The  symbol  of  Masonic  lore. 
The  glory  of  that  grand  old  school, 

Alas  !  no  vestige  leaves  behind  ; 
All  nature  there  is  beautiful ; 

But  Where's  the  freedom  of  the  mind  ? 

Oh  !  for  a  spirit  hand  to  trace 

This  eve,  a  hundred  years  ago  — 
The  youthful  form  —  the  noble  face 

Of  Warren,  e'er  he  braved  the  foe. 
He  gave  his  life  at  Freedom's  call, 

The  holiest  sacrifice  on  cartii  ; 
St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  who  wept  his  fall, 

Saw  in  his  death  a  Nation's  Ijirth. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  221 

"Ix  memoriam"  of  the  Centennial  occasion,  several  capital  short  recitations 
were  given  during  tlie  Feast;  and  Worshipful  Bro.  Hon.  John  A.  Goodwin,  of 
Lowell,  in  a  very  humorous  manner  illustrated  some  amusing  characteristics  of 
the  mode  of  conducting  Lodges  in  the  olden  time.  Past  Grand  I\Laster  Hon. 
Charles  C.  Dame,  although  responding  for  a  single  Lodge,  extended  his  re- 
marks to  a  general  survey  of  the  consequences  resulting  from  the  erection  of 
"  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge."  The  R.  W.  Hon.  Marshall  P.  Wilder  also, 
in  a  happy  vein  of  reminiscence,  called  up  associations  of  the  trying  ordeal 
which  the  order  endured  at  the  time  of  the  building  of  the  first  Masonic 
Temple  in  Boston.  As  the  record  of  Grand  Lodge  states,  all  the  exercises  of 
the  celebration  were  of  a  high  order  of  excellence,  and  a  variety  of  interesting 
Masonic  historical  matter  was  freshly  presented. 


LODGE  OF  ST.  ANDREW. 


MEMBERS"  BADGE. 


OFFICERS 


O  F 


The  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew. 


A.   I).   1869  —  70. 


-ooJ^CKv- 


Worshipful  Ezra  Palmer,   M.  D.,  Master. 


Thomas  E.  Chamberlin, 
William  Parkman,  Jr., 
Samuel  H.  Gregory, 
Alfred  A.  Wellington, 
Hasket  Derpa',  M.  D., 
Edward  B.  W.  Restieaux, 
WiLLLVM  Parkman, 
William  F.  Davls, 
George  C.  Stearns, 
Hales  W.  Suter, 
John  Reed, 
Ebenezer  C.  Leman, 


Senior  Warden. 
Junior  Warden. 
Treasurer. 
Secretary. 
Senior  Deacon. 
Junior  Deacon. 
Chaplain. 
Marshal. 
Senior  Steward. 
Junior  Steward. 
Inside  Sentinel. 
Tyler. 


P  A  S  T    M  A  S  r  E  1<  S 


OF 


THE  LODGE  OF  ST.  ANDREW. 

FROM     1756   TO    1870. 

The  Record  Lost  from  1752  to  1756. 

Isaac  De  Coster,  from  April  10,  1756,  to  July  10,  1760. 

William  Burbeck,  from  1760  to  1765. 

Joseph  Webb,  from  1765  to  1766. 

William  Burbeck,  from  1766  to  1767. 

Moses  Deshon,  from  1767  to  1768. 

Joseph  Warren,  from  1768  to  1769. 

Samuel  Barrett,  from  1769  to  1770. 

Paul  Revere,  from  1770  to  1771. 

Jonathan  Snelling,  from  1771  to  1772. 

Thomas  Urann,  from  1772  to  1773. 

John  Lowell,  from  1773  to  1774. 

Edward  Proctor,  from  1774  to  1776. 

John  Symmes,  from  1776  to  1777. 

Paul  Revere,  from  1777  to  1779. 

William  Hoskins,  from  1779  to  1780. 

Paul  Revere,  from  1780  to  1782. 

William  Burbeck,  from  1782  to  1784. 

James  Carter,  from  1784  to  1786. 

Thomas  Dakin,  from  1786  to  1789. 

Samuel  Moore,  from  1789  to  1792. 

Tjiij.MA>  Dakix,  from  1792  lo  1794. 


>  28  CENTE  NNIA  L     ME  M  O  R  lAL 

Benjamin  Hukd,  Jr.,  from  1794  to  1795. 
■Joshua  Eaton,  from  1795  to  1801. 
Andrew  Sigourney,  from  1801  to  1803. 
William  Williams,  from  1803  to  1804. 
Henry  Purkitt,  from  1804  to  1806. 
James  Farrar,  from  1806  to  1809. 
James  Green,  from  1809  to  18 10. 
Henry  Fowle,  from  18 10  to  1817. 
John  James  Loring,  from  181 7  to  1818. 
Henry  Fo^YLE,  from  1818  to  1820. 
David  Parker,  from  1820  to  1823. 
Bela  Lincoln,  from  1823  to  1825. 
Alexander  H.  Jennings,  from  1825  to  1827. 
David  Parker,  from  1827  to  1828. 
Abel  P.  Baker,  from  1828  to  1832. 
Charles  W.  Moore,  from  1832  to  1833. 
EzEKiEL  Bates,  from  1833  to  1835. 
David  Parker,  from  1835  to  1836. 
John  R.  Bradford,  from  1836  to  1839. 
Edwin  Barnes,  from  1839  to  1841. 
Hugh  H.  Tuttle,  from  1841  to  1844. 
Smith  W.  Nichols,  from  1844  to  1847. 
Hamilton  Willis,  from  1847  to  1850. 
John  R.  Bradford,  from  1850  to  1852. 
Samuel  P.  Oliver,  from  1852  to  1857. 
William  Parkman,  from  1857  to  i860. 
Charles  J.  F.  Sherman,  from  i860  to  1863. 
Edward  Stearns,  from  1863  to  1865. 
William  F.  Davis,  from  1865  to  1868. 
Ezra  Palmer,  from  1868  to 


.k ' 


g:^^  ^" 


PRESENT    MEMBERS, 


AND   DATE  OF  ADMISSION. 


Charles  W.   Moore, 
EzEKiEL  Bates, 
Ebenezer    C.   Eeman, 
Smith  W.  Nichols, 
Edwin    Barnes, 
Robert  N.  Tltllock, 
Hamilton  Willis, 
Edward  Stearns, 
Albert  H.  Kelsey, 
Thomas    Restieaux, 
C.  Allen   Browne,    . 
John  Mears,  Jr., 
B.  I^'ranklin    H.\\  [j:v, 
GeorcH',  C.  Stilakns, 
William  Park  max,     . 


Oct.  lo,  1822. 
Nov.  8,  1827. 
Eeb.  9,  1832. 
March  10,  1836. 
March  10,  1836. 
Jan.  14,  1841. 
Nov.  9,  1843. 
Dec.  14,  1843. 
April  I  I,  1844. 
June  13,  1844. 
June  13,  1844. 
June  13,  1844. 
June  13,  1844. 
June  13,  1844. 
Dec.  12,  1844. 


23° 


C E N TE NNIA  L     M E M ORI AL. 


William  H.  Johonnot, 
Amos  Bates, 
Henry  G.  Clark, 
John  P.  Ober,     . 
Henry  Davis,     . 
James  Perkins, 
Samuel  P.  Oliver,     . 
Alfred  A.  Wellington, 
Samuel    H.  Gregory, 
C.  J.  F.  Sherman, 
Peter  Wainwright, 
Hales  W,  Suter, 
David  Pulsifer, 
Charles  F.  Chickering, 
John    Reed,    Jr., 
Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff 
William  F.  Davis,     . 
Henry  L.  Dalton,     . 
Edward  B.  W.  Restieaux 
Ezra  Palmer, 
Thomas  E.  Chamberlin, 
Hasket  Derby, 
John  P.  Ober,  Jr., 
William  Parkman,  Jr., 
William  L.   Wainwright, 


Dec.  12,  1844. 
Feb.  13,  1845. 
Dec.  10,  1846. 
Dec.  10,  1846. 
Dec.  10,  1846. 
May  II,  1848. 
March  8,  1849. 
Jan.  9,  185 1. 
Jan.  9,  185  I. 
Nov.  10,  1853. 
Nov.  10,  1853. 
Sept.  22,  1854. 
Sept.  22,  1854. 
Sept.  22,  1854. 
Dec.  28,  1854. 
June  29,  1855. 
March  22,  i860. 
Sept.  27,  i860. 
Sept.  27,  i860. 
Sept.  27,  i860. 
Dec.  26,  1862. 
Dec.  26,  1862. 
Dec.  26,  1862. 
Dec.  26,  1862. 
Dec.  26,  1862. 


FAST    M  E  M  B  E  R  S 


OF 


THE    LODGE    OF    ST.    ANDREW. 


WITH 


THE  YEAR  OF  THEIR  ADMISSION. 


1756. 


Kimbal  Bass. 
George  Bray. 
Peter  Blin. 
William  Burbeck. 
Ezra  Collins. 
Isaac  De  Coster. 
Henry  Emms. 
David  Flagg. 
James  Graham. 
George  Graham. 
William  Hallowell. 


George  Hodge. 
William  Hodge. 
Alexander  Inglish. 
John  Jenkins. 
George  Louttil. 
Thomas  Milliken. 
Samuel  Peck. 
James  Tourner. 
Robert  Whalley. 
Joseph  Webb,  Jr. 


1757- 


Daniel  Bridge. 
Shubael  Cook. 
James  Dickey. 
James  Dennie. 
William  Davis. 


William  Hinkling. 
Phillip  Lewis. 
Tliomas  .Stevenson. 
Edward  .Stone. 
Elisha  Thacher. 


.Samuel  Harris. 
Benjamin  Holden. 
James  Jackson. 


1758. 


John  Robinson. 
John  Willard. 
{•"rancis  ^'ates. 


232 


CENTE  NNIA  L    M  E  M  O  A'  /A  L  . 


Samuel  Barrett. 


1760. 


Thomas  Uranii. 


1761. 


Increase  Blake,  Jr. 
Hugh  Brown. 
Moses  Deshon. 
Josiah  Flagg. 
Wait  Gray. 
William  Gould. 
Nathaniel  Hitchborn. 
John   Hoflfain. 
William  Ham. 
George  Jefferds. 
Edward  Jarvis. 
Walter  Kerr. 
William  McAlpine. 


Alexander  Mackay. 
James  Nicholas. 
Israel  Obear. 
William  Palfrey. 
Edward  Potter. 
John  Phillips. 
Richard  Pulling. 
Paul  Revere. 
Ambrose  Sloper. 
Henry  Stanbridge. 
John  Whitten. 
Joseph  Warren. 
Henry  Wells. 


Edward  Burbeck. 
Thomas  Crafts,  Jr. 
Elisha  Callender. 
Caleb  Hopkins. 
Philip  Marett. 
James  Seaward. 


1762. 


Phillip  Taber. 
Joseph  Tyler. 
Francis  Tree. 
William  Wingfield. 
Thomas  Webster. 


1763. 


Gilbert  Ash. 
William  Bell. 
John  Ball. 
Edward  Cailleteau. 
Adam  Collson. 
Seth  Chipman. 


Ambrose  Farrell. 
William  Larkin. 
Henry  Leahy. 
John  Marlton. 
Samuel  Moody. 
Thomas  Metcalf 


CENTENX I A  L    MEMORIAL. 


'■IZ 


Peter  Doyle. 
Benjamin  Frothingham. 
Edward  Foster. 


Thomas  Carey. 
Thomas  Knox. 


Joseph  Cordis. 
Samuel  Danforth. 
Friend  Dole. 
Thomas  Emmons. 


William  Darracott. 
Nathaniel  Rowland. 
John  Jeffries,  Jr. 
Thomas  Knox. 


Stephen  Bruce. 
John  Edwards,  Jr. 


Samuel  Allen. 
Richard  Bradford. 
Nathaniel  Cudworth. 
Moses  Dorran. 
John  Dc  Costa. 


Samuel  Andrews. 
James  Carter. 


1764. 


176: 


1766. 


1767. 


1768. 


1769. 


Jonathan  Snellinf 
Jolm  Tyler. 


John  Lowell. 
Ebenezer  Symmes. 


Thomas  Paine. 
Edward  Proctor. 
Asa  Stodder. 
Jeremiah  Webb. 


Peter  Nogues,  Jr. 
John  Symmes. 
Andrew  Sigourney. 


Winthrop  Gray. 
William  Roberts. 


Nathaniel  Fellows. 
John  Hill. 
Joshua  Loring. 
Ebenezer  Williams. 


John  Grant,  Jr. 
Cliarlcs  Ilavncs. 


234 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


Thomas  Chase. 
Phenix  Frazier. 
Alexander  Gray. 
John  Gray.    . 


Josiah  Waters,  Jr. 


WilHam  Hoskin.s. 


1770. 


1772. 


Frederick  Moth. 
Benjamin  Mayhew. 
Samuel  Webb. 
Christopher  White. 


Thomas  Newell,  Jr. 


^in- 


Gibbons  Bouve. 
Nathaniel  Cook. 


Joseph  Bryant. 
Thomas  Clement. 
Shubael  Downes. 
Jonathan  W.  Edes. 


Joseph  Dunckerly. 
Thomas  Farrington. 


Jeremiah  Hill. 


Isaiah  Audibert. 
Robert  Allen. 
David  Bradlee. 
Henry  Burbeck. 
Edward  Compston. 
Samuel  Cutter. 
Joseph  Cunningham. 


1774- 


1776. 


1777. 


Nehemiah  Webb. 
Eliphar  Weston. 


David  Ford. 
John  Fulford. 
Thomas  Frazier. 
Nathaniel  Mills. 


Perez  Morton. 
Nathaniel  Pierce. 


Amos  Lincoln. 
William  Miller. 
Andrew  Newell. 
Enoch  Putnam. 
James  Swan. 
Thomas  Snoden. 
John  Sprague. 


CENTE  NNIA  L     M  E  MORI  A  L  . 


235 


Robert  Davis. 
Isaiah  Doane. 
Nathaniel  Goodwin. 
Lazarus  Goodwin. 
Abraham  Hunt. 
Benjamin  Hitchborn. 
John  Hopkins. 
Thomas  Loring. 

John  Adams. 
Jacob  Brown. 
William  Billings. 
Joseph  Balch. 
Benjamin  Coolidge. 
John  Doak. 
Joshua  Davis. 
Thomas  Fosdick. 
Samuel  Gore. 
Benjamin  Hurd,  Jr. 
James  McGee. 
Robert  McElroy. 
Eliphalet  Newell. 


Daniel  Adams. 
Joseph  Bush.    . 
John  Coolidge. 
Silas  Devol. 
Zaccheus  Dunnels. 
Abraham  Kustis. 
Patrick  Fletcher. 
Cornelius  Fellows. 
Nicholas  Gardner. 
Tiniotliy  Green. 
Israel  Loring. 
Tliomas  Leverctt. 


1778. 


1779. 


John  Swift. 
William  Shattuck. 
William  Storey. 
Edward  Tuckerman. 
Alexander  Thomas. 
Joseph  Tilden. 
Joseph  Whittemore. 
Benjamin  White. 

Michael  Newell. 
Jonathan  Oakes. 
Jeremiah  Obrien. 
Daniel  Parker. 
Thomas  Russell. 
Joseph  Ruggles. 
Elisha  Sigourney. 
George  Stillman. 
Thomas  Smart. 
Joseph  Swasey. 
John  Savage. 
James  N.  Shannon. 


David  Newell. 
Thomas  Nottage. 
Enoch  Pond. 
Freeman  Pulsifer, 
St.  De  Mertino  Pry 
Edward  Rumney. 
Daniel  Rea,  Jr. 
Jonathan  Stodder. 
Elias  Thomas. 
Joseph  Webber. 
Nathaniel  Willis. 


236 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


1780. 


John  Boit. 
Joseph  Bradford. 
Andrew  Brown. 
John  Cade. 
J.  J.  Carnes. 
Joshua  Cheever. 
Jacob  Dunells. 
D.  Eustis. 
Matthew  Groves. 


David  Howe. 
Simon  Hall. 
George  Miles. 
Samuel  Moore. 
Mungo  Mackay,  Jr. 
Simon  Mansir. 
Thomas  Prince. 
Moses  Ring. 
John  Rand. 


Norton  Brailsford. 
Manasseh  Marston. 
Elias  Parkman. 


1781. 


WiUiam  Peak. 
Richard  Whellen. 


Thomas  Beals. 
John  Connor. 
George  De  France. 
Levi  Hearsey. 
Micah  Hammond. 


1782. 


Daniel  Ingersoll. 
John  T.  Morgan. 
James  Oliver. 
Thomas  Powars. 
Eleazer  Wheelwright. 


William  Cordwell. 
Thomas  Dakin. 
Thomas  P.  Low. 


1783- 


Edward  Proctor,  Jr. 
Isaac  Snow. 
Thomas  Wells. 


Jonathan  Fowle. 
William  Harris. 


1785. 


Joseph  Spear,  Jr. 
James  Smith. 


1786. 


James  Green. 


C E  NTENNIA  L    M E  M  ORIAL. 


^2>7 


Ebenezer  Smith. 


Timothy  Healey. 


Joshua  Eaton. 


Phillip  Wentworth. 


Thomas  Beutley. 
Nahum  Fay. 
Henry  Fowle. 
Ebenezer  Herring 


William  Blake. 
Matthew  Clark. 
Hezekiah  Hudson. 
Benjamin  James. 


1787. 


1788. 


1790. 


1792. 


1793- 


1794- 


William  WiUiams. 


John  Hayvvard. 
Robert  Molineux. 
Benjamin  Smith,  Jr. 


Matthew  Parkes. 
Andrew  Sigourney. 
Joseph  Whitney. 


Edward  Bell. 
William  Eustis. 


1795. 


Caleb  Loring,  Jr. 
William  Woart. 


Joab  Hunt. 
Jonathan  Loring,  Jr. 
Anthony  Otheman. 


llcnrv  Purkitl. 


1796. 


1799. 


Joseph  .Smith. 
-Scth  vSweetscr. 


JOlijah  Swift,  Ji'. 


238 


C  E  N  TE  NXIA  L    M  E  MO  RIAL. 


Hezekiah  Chadwick. 
James  Farrar. 


Antoine  Dumernill. 
Jonathan  Fletcher. 


Seth  Lothrop. 


Martin  Burr. 


Elijah  Knowles. 


Henry  Morgan. 


Benjamin  Ingols. 
Nathaniel  Patten. 


James  Washburn. 


Thomas  Fobes. 


Edward  Harvey. 


Daniel  Rhodes. 


■  1 800. 


1801, 


1802. 


180.^. 


1804. 


1805. 


1806. 


1808. 


1809. 


181I. 


181 


Adam  French. 
Joseph  Gleason. 


William  Farmer. 
Henry  Murphy. 


Henry  Hutchinson. 


Zephaniah  Sampson. 


John  Smith. 


Joseph  Grammar. 


John  J.  Loring. 


Seth  Webber. 


CE  N  TE  NNIA  L     MEM  O  R I A  L 


239 


Setli  Johnson. 


Alexander  Bowers. 


David  Parker. 


Daniel  G.  Dawes. 


Tliomas  K.  Williams. 


Lucius  O.  C.  Bowles. 


Benjamin  D.  Baldwin. 


Richard  Bruce. 


1814. 


1815. 


1816. 


1 8 1  7. 


1818. 


1 8 19. 


1820. 


1 82 1. 


Thomas  B.  Kendall. 


William  Smith. 


Alexander  H.  Jennings. 


1822. 


Leonard  Battelle. 
Jonas  Chickering. 
Bela  Lincoln. 
Calvin  Lane. 
Moses  Morse. 


Elisha  Dwelle. 
Nathan  Hale. 
Charles  Newman. 


1823. 


Ebenezer  C.  I'reston. 
Thomas  W.  Phillips. 
Augustus  Reed. 
Joshua  Stone. 


Reuben  D.  Weston. 
William  Weir,  Jr. 


240 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


Henry  Daggett. 
Andrew  Garvin. 


Abel  P.  Baker. 
Jeremiah  Foster. 


Frederick  Lecain. 
John  PhilHps. 


Thomas  J.  Stone. 


John  R.  Bradford. 


Hugh  H.  Tuttle. 


Aaron  Leman. 


WiUiam  B.  OHver. 


Isaac  Carey. 


Henry  Jordan. 


1824. 


1825. 


1826. 


1831. 


1836. 


1837. 


1843. 


1844. 


1851. 


1862. 


Daniel  Prowse. 


John  Rayner. 
John  Suter. 


George  Strong. 


—     fAC  Sll^iLE 


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A    LIST    OF    MEMBERS 


OF   THE 


LODGE    OF    ST.    ANDREW, 

With  Their  Occupations  and  Residences, 

Made  at  Communication  held  in  Koval  Exchange 
Tavern,  King  Street,  Boston,  the  2d 
Thursday  of  January,  1762. 


George  Bray, 
William  Burbeck, 
James  Graham, 
Samuel  Peck, 
Thomas  Milliken, 
John  Jenkins, 
Moses  Deshon, 
Joseph  Webb,  Jr., 
Samuel  Barrett, 
Ambrose  Sloper, 
Paul  Revere, 
Thomas  Urann, 
Phillip  Lewis, 
George  Jefferds, 
Nathaniel  Hitchborn, 
Increase  Blake, 
William  Palfrey, 
Samuel  Moody, 
Edward  Potter, 
John  Whitten, 
William  McAlpine, 


Baker, 
Carver, 
Chairmaker, 
Glazier, 
Bricklayer, 
Baker, 
Auctioneer, 
Ship  Chandler, 
Sailmaker, 
Shipwright, 

Gold  Smith  &  Engraver, 
Ship  Joiner, 
Merchant, 
Sugar  Refiner, 
Boat  Builder, 
Tin  Plate  Worker, 
Merchant, 
Merchant, 
Cooper, 
Gun  Smith, 

Stationer  &  Bookbinder, 
.11 


Williams'  Court,  Corn-hill. 

New  Salutation  Alley. 

Head  of  Clark's  Wharf. 

By  Hallowell's  Ship  Yard. 

Fish  Street. 

Near  Mill  Bridge. 

Dock  Square. 

Head  of  Oliver's  Dock. 

Pulling's  Wharf. 

Battery  March. 

Fish  Street. 

By  HallowelFs  Ship  Yard. 

Middle  Street. 

Atkinson  Street. 

Near  Draw  Bridge. 

West  End  P^meuil  Hall. 

Town  Dock. 

Old  York. 

Milk  Street. 

By  Hallowell's  Ship  Yard. 

Marlboro'  Street. 


242 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


James  Nicolls, 
Josiah  Flagg, 
John  Hoffins, 
Richard  PulHng, 
Thomas  Crafts, 
Joseph  Warren, 
William  Gould, 
Elisha  Callander, 
William  Ham, 
John  Marl  ton, 
Henry  Stanbridge, 
Edward  Burbeck, 
James  Seward, 
Ezra  Collins, 


House-wright, 

Jeweller, 

Sugar  Refiner, 

Merchant, 

Japanner  &  Painter, 

Physician, 

Merchant, 

Sail  Maker, 

Merchant, 

Merchant, 

Painter, 

Carver, 

Gun  Smith, 

Hat  Maker, 


Atkinson  Street. 

Fish  Street. 

New  Boston. 

Fish  Street. 

Opposite  the  Great  Tree. 

Corn-hill. 

King  Street. 

New  Boston. 

West  Indies. 

West  Indies. 

Cross  Street. 

New  Salutation  Street. 

Fish  Street. 

Fish  Street. 


SEAFARING    MEMBERS 


Capt.  Edward  Jarvis. 

"  Henry  Wells. 

"  Seth  Chipman. 

"  PhilHp  Marett. 

"  Peter  Doyle. 

"  William  Wingfield. 

"  Israel  Obear. 

"  John  Phillips. 

"  Hugh  Brown. 


Capt.  Wait  Gray. 

"  Walter  Kerr. 

"  Ambrose  Ferrell. 

"  Edw'd  Cailleteau. 

"  Philip  Tabor. 

"  Gilbert  Ash. 

"  Alexander  Inglish. 

"  Thomas  Webster. 

"  William  Bell. 


NOTE, 


Williams'  Court,  under  the  arch  near  Herald  Office.  Salutation  Alley,  took 
the  name  of  Salutation  Street  in  1825.  Clark's  Wharf,  subsequently  called  Han- 
cock's Wharf,  now  included  in  Lewis'  Wharf  Hallowell's  Ship  Yard,  near  the 
foot  of  Milk  Street.  Fish  Street,  part  of  North  Street,  "between  Cross  and  Fleet 
Streets.  Mill  Bridge,  over  the  creek  in  Hanover  Street,  near  the  Green  Dragon 
Tavern.  Dock  Square,  the  same  as  now.  Oliver's  Dock,  from  Lindall  Street 
and  Hawes  Street,  between  Central  and  Water  Streets,  to  the  water.  Pulling's 
Wharf  led  from  Cross  Street  to  the  water.    Battery  March,  from  .Liberty  Square 


C  E  N  TE  NNIA  L    MEMORIAL. 


243 


to  Broad  Street,  now  Ratterymarch  Street.  Middle  Street,  part  of  HanOver 
Street  between  Blackstone  and  Prince  Streets.  Atkinson  Street,  now  the  part 
of  Congress  Street,  between  Milk  and  Broad  Streets.  Draw  Bridge,  a  bridge 
formerly  over  the  creek  in  what  is  now  North  Street.  West  End  Faneuil  Hall, 
now  Market  Square.  Town  Dock,  north  of  Faneuil  Hall.  Old  York,  means 
York  in  Maine.  Milk  Street,  same  as  now.  Marlboro'  Street,  part  of  Wash- 
ington Street  from  School  to  Summer  Streets.  New  Boston,  west  part  of  town. 
The  Great  Tree,  stood  opposite  Boylston  Street;  after  the  14th  of  August 
1765,  it  was  called  The  Liberty  Tree.  Corn-hill,  Washington  Street  between 
School  Street  and  Dock  Square.  King  Street,  present  State  Street.  Cross 
Street,  same  as  now.  New  Salutation  Street,  same  as  present  Salutation 
Street. 


244 


CE  N  TE  NNIA  L    ME  M  O  R I A  L . 


RECORD  OF  A.  D.  1784. 


Record  of  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  in  1784,  who  voted  to  continue 
under  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  ;  and  of  those  who  voted  to  place  them- 
selves under  the  jurisdiction  of  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge."  The  minority 
at  once  proceeded  to  form  the  Rising  States  Lodge  :  — 


FOR   GRAND   LODGE   OF   SCOTLAND. 

Samuel  Barrett. 
Wm.  Burbeck. 
Thomas  Urann. 
Asa  Stodder. 
James  Carter. 
William  Bell. 
John  Symmes. 
Elisha  Sigourney. 
Elias  Thomas. 
Edward  Rumney. 
Alexander  Thomas. 
Manassah  Marston. 
Samuel  Moore. 
James  Graham. 
Isaac  Snow. 
Jacob  Dunnels. 
Thomas  Wells. 
Timothy  Green. 
Thomas  Dakin. 
Joseph  Bush. 
Wm.  Peak. 
Benj.  White. 
Jona.  W.  Edes. 
Thomas  Knox. 
John  Whitten. 
John  Rand. 
Gibbons  Bouve. 
Moses  Dorran. 
Samuel  Gore. 
Freeman  Pulsifer. 
(total  30.) 


FOR   MASSACHUSETTS   GRAND   LODGE. 

Nathaniel  Fellows. 
Paul  Revere. 
Jona.  Stodder. 
John  Boit. 
Cornelius  Fellows. 
Benj.  Coolidge. 
David  Howe. 
J.  Dunckerly. 
John  T.  Morgan. 
Robert  McElroy. 
R.  Hichborn. 
Amos  Lincoln. 
Levi  Hearsey. 
Simon  Hall. 
Daniel'  Rea. 
Enoch  Pond. 
Joshua  Davis. 
Joseph  Webber. 
Daniel  Ingersoll. 
Thomas  Russell. 
Thomas  P.  Low. 
Norton  Brailsford. 
Nathaniel  Willis, 
(total  23.) 


ACCOUNT    CURRENT 

OF 

THE    LODGE    OF    ST.    ANDREW, 

W  ITH 

THE  GRAND  LODGE   OF  SCOTLAND. 


-ooJaS^^Oo- 


The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  in  account  current  with  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  No.  8i. 


DR. 

1763- 
June.     To  cash  remitted  the  Grand   Lodge 
of  .Scotland  as  per  receipt  of  the  Treasurer. 

£,■].  7-f-  Or/. 

1769.  :  . 

May.     To  cash  remitted  do.  as  per  receipt, 

£9-  o.  5- 
To  cash  paid  Grand  Lodge  in  Boston  from 
1770  to  1783,  ^^23.  8.  o. 

1807. 
Nov.  30.     Balance  due  G'd  Lodge  63.  12.  i. 


CR. 

1807. 
1807.     By  fees  of  Initiation  of  827  Can- 
didates from    Sept.  1760  to  Nov.,  1807, 
as  per  record  at  2-6  each,    jC^'^3-  1^-  (>'^- 


1808. 


^103.  7.  6. 


^^103.  7.  6. 


Jan.  12.  To  cash  remitted  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland,  in  Bill  of  Exchange  on  Sam. 
Williams,  Escp,  London,  for  £go.  per  Brig 
William,  Capt  Benj.  Willis,  via  :  Liverpool. 


The  excess  of   ;^26.   7.    11.   over  and 

above  balance  of  £6^.   12.   i,  is  meant 

to  cover  the  amount  of  dues  which  St. 

Andrew's    paid    to    Provincial    Grand 

Lodge   at   Boston,  between    1769   and 

1783,  and  which  .St.  Andrew's  believes 

were    never  paid    to    Grand    Lodge   of 

Scotland 

Andrew  Sic.ourney,  Treasurer,  .St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  failing  at  the  time  to  acknowledge  tiie  receipt  of  the 

above  remittance,   the  Treasurer  of  "  St.  Andrew's,"  under  date  Dec.  30,   1808,  asks 

S.  Williams,  Pnanker,  London,  if  the  liill  had  been  paid.     The  following  is  in  answer  :  — 

LcjNDON,  S//i  Alarch,  1S09. 
Mr.  Andrew  Sigourney,  Treasurer,  St.  Andrew's  Lodge,  Boston, 

Sir,  In  reply  to  yours  of  30th  of  December,  I  duly  received  yours  of  12th  of  January, 
1808,  and  forwarded  the  enclosure,  addressed  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland.  I  know 
that  the  letter  got  safe  to  the  hands  of  the  Grand  Master,  having  on  the  5th  of  April, 
accepted  Messrs.  T.  C.  Amory's  Bill  to  your  order  for  /'90. 

I  am  your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  S.  Wii.i.iA.MS. 


246 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL 


R.  W.  BRO.  JAMES  LOGAN. 

The  name  of  Bro.  James  Logan  of  Falkirk,  Scotland,  is  one  of  the  most  con- 
spicuous in  the  early  history  of"  St.  Andrews"  for  his  valuable  services,  and  he 
was  the  first  Brother,  and  the  only  Mason  outside  the  roll  of  members,  who  is 
recorded  to  have  received  a  gift  in  testimony  of  the  esteem  and  gratitude  of  the 
Lodge.  He  was  also  for  a  number  of  years  the  representative  of  "St.  Andrew's" 
in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

The  great  services  of  Bro.  Logan  to  this  Lodge,  are  duly  authenticated  in  its 
record;  but  beyond  this,  besides  the  fact  that  he  was  a  Scotchman  of  influence 
and  character,  as  a  citizen  and  a  Mason,  but  little  is  now  known.  He  appears 
to  have  been  a  frequent  visitor  at  what  was  styled  a  "Masters  Lodge,"  which 
was  formed  in  Boston,  A.  D.  1737.  His  payments  of  the  usual  fees  are  recorded 
up  to  1 75 1.  At  this  period  the  erection  of  an  Ancient  Lodge  was  considered, 
and  Brothers  who  sympathized  in  the  new  movement  met  together  under  the  old 
system  of  assemblage,  and  made  a  Lodge  which  in  1756  became  the  Lodge  of 
St.  Andrew,  chartered  ])y  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland.  Bro.  Logan  was  one 
of  these  Brothers.  In  1754,  he  was  the  bearer  to  Scotland  of  a  petition  for  this 
charter,  and  for  six  years  he  was  the  sole  agent  and  friend  of  the  Lodge,  in  all 
concerns  consequent  upon  its  grant,  and  final  dispatch  to  America. 

In  memory  of  tliis  early  steadfast  friend,  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  have  placed 
here  the  Signature  of  James  Logan,  in  Fac-Simile,  from  his  letter  accompanying 
the  transmission  of  its  Charter. 


/  l/Y*  *" — " 


'y^r^^Tl 


D  E  C  L  A  R  A  T  I  O  N 

OF 

THE  FREEMASONS  OF  BOSTON 

AND  VICINITY. 

PRESENTED    TO    THE    PUBLIC, 

DECEMBER    3  I,    A.   D.     I  83  I. 

While  the  popular  mind  remained  in  tlie  high  state  of  excitement  to  which 
it  had  been  carried  by  the  prejudiced  and  inflammatory  representations  of  cer- 
tain offences,  alleged  to  have  been  committed  by  a  few  misguided  members  of 
the  Masoxic  Institution,  in  a  sister  State  ;  it  seemed  to  the  undersigned, 
residents  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  to  be  expedient  to  refrain  from  any  public  dec- 
laration of  their  principles  or  engagements  as  Masons.  But,  believing  the 
time  now  to  be  fully  come,  when  their  fellow-citizens  will  receive  with  candor, 
if  not  with  satisfaction,  A  solemn  and  unequivocal  denial  of  the  scan- 
dalous ALLEGATIONS  which,  during  the  last  five  years,  have,  in  consequence 
of  their  connection  with  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  been  reiterated  a<^ainst 
them,  they  respectfully  invite  attention  to  the  following 

Whereas,  it  has  been  repeatedly  asserted  and  published  to  the  world,  that 
in  the  several  degrees  of  Freemasonry,  as  they  are  conferred  in  the  United 
States,  the  candidate,  on  his  initiation  and  subsequent  advancement,  binds 
himself,  by  oath,  to  sustain  his  Masonic  brethren  in  acts  which  are  at  variance 
with  the  fundamental  principles  of  morality,  and  incompatible  with  his  duty  as 
a  good  and  faithful  citizen  :  in  justice  therefore  to  themselves,  and  with  a  view 
to  estabhsh  Truth  and  expose  Imposition,  tlie  undersigned,  many  of  us  the 
recipients  of  every  degree  of  Freemasonry  known  and  acknowledged  in  tliis 
country,  do  most  solemnly  deny  the  existence  of  any  such  obligations  in  the 
Institution,  so  far  as  our  knowledge  respectively  extends.  And  we  as 
SOLEMNLY  AVER,  that  no  person  is  admitted  to  it,  without  first  being  made 
acquainted  witli  the  >iatiirc  of  the  o/'lii^ations  he  will  l)e  reciuircd  to  incur  and 
assume. 


248  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

Freemasonry  secures  its  members  in  the  freedom  of  thought  and  of  speech, 
and  permits  each  and  every  one  to  act  according  to  the  dictates  of  his  own  con- 
science in  matters  of  Religion,  and  of  his  personal  preferences  in  matters  of 
Politics.  It  neither  knows,  nor  does  it  assume  to  inflict  upon  its  erring  mem- 
bers, however  wide  their  aberrations  from  duty,  any  penalties  or  punishments, 
other  than  Admonition,  Suspension,  and  Expulsion. 

The  obligations  of  the  Institution  require  of  its  members  a  strict  obedience 
to  the  laws  of  God  and  of  Man.  So  far  from  being  bound  by  any  engagements 
inconsistent  with  the  happiness  and  prosperity  of  the  Nation,  every  citizen  who 
becomes  a  Mason,  is  doubly  bound  to  be  true  to  his  God,  to  his  Country, 
and  to  his  Fellow'-Men.  In  the  language  of  the  "Ancient  Constitutions" 
of  the  Order,  which  are  printed  and  open  for  public  inspection,  and  which  are 
used  as  text-books  in  all  the  Lodges,  he  is  "  required  to  keep  and  obey  the 
Moral  Law  ;  to  be  a  quiet  and  peaceable  citizen  ;  true  to  his  government  and 
just  to  liis  country." 

Masonry  disdains  the  making  of  Proselytes.  She  opens  the  portals  of 
her  asylums  to  those  only  who  seek  admission,  with  the  recommendation  of  a 
character  unspotted  by  immorality  and  vice.  She  simply  requires  of  the  can- 
didate, his  assent  to  one  great  fundamental  religious  truth  —  The  Existence 
and  Providence  of  God  ;  and  a  practical  acknowledgment  of  those  infalli- 
ble doctrines  for  the  government  of  life,  which  are  written  by  the  finger  of  God 
on  the  heart  of  man. 

In  view  of  the  foregoing  expositions,  and  of  the  solemn  declarations  here 
voluntarily  made  as  Masons,  as  Citizens,  as  Moral  Men,  and  Christians; 
and  being  deeply  impressed  with  the  conviction  that  our  Institution  has  been, 
and  may  continue  to  be,  productive  of  great  good  to  our  fellow-men  :  and  having 
received  the  laws  of  the  society,  and  its  accumulated  funds,  the  latter  in  sacred 
trust  for  charitable  uses,  the  undersigned  can  neither  fenonnce  nor  abandon 
it;  and  do  therefore,  most  cordially  unite  in  the  fervent  declaration  and  hope, 
that  should  the  people  of  this  country  become  so  infatuated  as  to  deprive  Free- 
masons of  their  civil  rights,  in  violation  of  their  written  constitutions,  and  the 
wholesome  spirit  of  just  laws  and  free  governments,  a  vast  majority  of  the 
Fraternity  will  still  remain  firm,  confiding  in  God  and  the  rectitude  of  their  in- 
tentions, for  consolation  under  the  trials  to  which  they  may  be  exposed. 


C E N T E NNIA  L    MEMORIAL. 


249 


Tliis  Declaration  was  signed  by  several  thousand  Freemasons  in  ^^assachusetts,  and 
in  other  States  ;  such  however,  was  the  relentless  virulence  of  the  Anti-Masonic  party, 
and  so  severe  was  the  persecution,  upon  the  social  and  business  relations  of  Masons,  es- 
pecially in  the  Cities  and  large  Towns,  that  many  Brothers  who  by  no  means  renounced 
the  Order,  shrank  from  appearing  upon  so  public  a  manifesto  as  this  Declaration.  It 
should  be  also  stated,  that  no  general  effort  was  made  to  get  signatiuxs  ;  and  further,  by 
reason  of  absence,  old  age,  sickness,  as  well  as  other  causes,  many  of  the  most  faithful 
and  outspoken  members  of  the  Fraternity  had  not  the  opportunity  to  place  their  names 
on  this  Record.  Now  it  has  come  to  pass,  that  those  Brothers  who  did  thus  boUlly  pro- 
claim'their  loyalty  to  the  Order,  in  the  face  of  the  trying  ordeal  of  1S26-34,  have  since 
enjoyed  a  full  measure  of  gratitude  from  all  Freemasons. 

The  following,  out  of  a  roll  of  membership  numbering  but  Thirty,  are  the  members  of 
the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  who  attached  their  names  to  the  Declaration  of  1831.  The 
four  with  a  star  prefixed  to  their  names,  were  not  at  the  time  members  of  the  Lodge,  but 
have  been  admitted  since. 


John  J.  Loring,    . 
John  Suter, 
Charles  Newman, 
Benjamin  D.  Baldwin, 
Alexander  II.  Jennings. 
Abel  P.  Baker, 
Henry  Daggett, 
Thomas  J.  Stone, 
Leonard  Battelle, 
Charles  W.  Moore, 
Augustus  Reed, 
Zephaniah  Sampson, 
James  Washburn, 
*IIugh  II.  Tattle, 
*Kbenezer  C.  Leman, 


Jonas  Chickering, 
David  Parker, 
Henry  Purkitt, 
Benjamin  Smith, 
Ebenezer  Oliver, 
Frederick  Lecain, 

Ezekiel  Bates, 

Jeremiah  Forster, 
Thomas  W.  Phillips, 

John  Rayiver, 

Martin  P)urr, 

Henry  Fowlc, 

*John  R.  Bradford, 

*  Ed  win  Barnes. 


1870.— 


In  the  above  list   there   are   liut   four    l.iviNi;    M  kmukks  left,  namely  :_  Bros.  Moore, 
Leman,  Bates  and  Barnes. 

32 


MEMORIAL 
SURRENDERING  TO  THE  GENERAL  COURT, 

THE 

ACT  OF    INCORPORATION 

OF   THE 

M.  W.  GRAND  LODGE  OF  MASSACHUSETTS, 

JANUARY,   1834. 

To  the  Honorable  Senate 

and  House  of  Representatives,  in   General  Coiiii,  Assembled  : 

The  Memorial  of  the  undersigned,  the  Master  and  Wardens  of  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Freemasons,  within  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  respectfully  repre- 
sents :  — 

That  the  said  Grand  Lodge  was  established  and  organized  in  the  then  town  of 
Boston,  in  said  Commonwealth,  as  a  voluntary  association,  on  the  3otli  of  July, 
A.  D.  1733  —  assuming  and  exercising  all  the  powers,  rights,  and  privileges 
which,  by  the  ancient  laws  and  usages  recognized  by  the  Fraternity  of  Free- 
masons, in  their  consociated  capacity,  it  was  empowered  so  to  assume  and  ex- 
ercise :  That,  in  the  legitimate  exercise  of  those  powers  and  privileges,  and  in 
its  official  capacity,  as  the  head  of  a  prosperous  and  growing  Benevolent  As- 
sociation, by  the  liberal  donations  of  individual  Freemasons,  and  by  the  usual 
contributions  of  the  subordinate  Lodges,  it  was,  in  time,  enabled  to  create  and 
establish  the  Fund  known  as  the  "Charity  Fund  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Massachusetts  ;"  subject  to  the  provision  that  the  income  thereof  should  be 
held  in  sacred  trust  for,  and  faithfully  applied  to,  charitable  purposes  —  to  the 
relief  of  the  distressed  and  suffering.  And  your  memorialists  have  the  gratifica- 
tion to  believe  that  the  letter  and  spirit  of  this  provision  have  ever  been,  and 
they  trust  will  long  continue  to  be,  scrupulously  observed  and  performed. 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL.  251 

Vour  memorialists  further  represent:  that  from  the  period  of  its  establishment 
until  the  year  1817,  this  Fund  was  held  by,  and  under  the  control  and  direction 
of  the  said  Grand  Lodge,  acting  as  a  voluntary  association.  This  tenure  was  not 
only  thought  to  be  insecure,  but  the  management  of  the  Fund  was  found  to  be 
attended  with  the  various  and  unavoidable  difficulties  which  are  always  incident  to 
the  conduct  of  property  thus  situated.  Under  these  circumstances,  and  in  the 
belief  that  an  act  of  incorporation  would  increase  the  security  of  the  Fund,  and 
facilitate  the  distribution  of  its  charities,  Francis  J.  Oliver,  Esq.,  and  others, 
members  of  the  said  Grand  Lodge,  petitioned  and  obtained  of  the  Hon.  Legisla- 
ture, on  the  i6th  June,  18 17,  an  act,  by  which  the  Master,  Wardens  and  Mern- 
bers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  were  incorporated  and  made  a  body  politic,  authorized 
and  empowered  to  take  by  purchase,  gift,  grant  or  otherwise,  and  hold  real  es- 
tate, not  exceeding  the  value  of  twenty  thousand  dollars,  and  personal  estate 
not  exceeding  the  value  ofsixty  thousand  dollars;  and  to  have  and  exercise  all  the 
privileges  usually  given  by  acts  of  incorporation,  to  charitable  societies.  And  so 
far  as  the  knowledge  of  your  memorialists  extends,  or  their  experience  enables 
them  to  judge,  they  most  confidently  believe  and  affirm  :  That  all  the  transactions 
of  the  said  Grand  Lodge  (with  the  single  exception  hereafter  noted,)  have  been 
conducted  with  a  scrupulous  regard  to  the  original  purposes  of  its  Institution,  and 
with  an  honorable  endeavor  to  preserve  the  inviolability  of  the  corporate  powers 
with  which  it  was  invested  by  the  Hon.  Legislature  of  the  Commonwealth  :  That 
in  performance  of  the  interesting  duties  pertaining  to  this  connection,  its  mem- 
bers have  conducted  as  honest  and  peaceable  citizens,  recognizing  in  the  following 
"Ancient  Changes"  of  their  Order,  unexceptionable  rules  of  duty  in  all  their  so- 
cial and  political  relations  :  —  that  they  have  "agreed  to  be  good  men  and  true,  and 
strictly  to  obey  the  moral  law;  to  be  peaceable  subjects,  and  cheerfully  to  con- 
form to  the  laws  of  the  country  in  which  they  reside;  not  to  be  concerned  in  plots 
or  conspiracies  against  government,  but  jjatiently  to  submit  to  the  decisions  of 
the  supreme  Legislature;  to  pay  a  proper  respect  to  the  civil  magistrate,  to  work 
diligently,  live  creditably,  and  act  honorably  with  all  men."  And  that,  confidently 
relying  on  the  ])rotection  guaranteed  alike  to  all  classes  of  citizens,  by  their 
written  constitutions,  they  have  rested  quietly  under  their  own  vine  and  fig-tree, 
giving  just  cause  of  offence  to  none,  and  willing  to  believe  they  had  none  to  mo- 
lest or  make  them  afraid. 

Such«was  the  condition  of  the   affairs   of  the  said  Grand  Lodge,  prior  to  the 


252  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

summer  of  the  year  1830,  when,  having  previously  been  under  the  necessity  of 
vacating  the  commodious  apartments  which  it  had  for  a  long  term  of  years  oc- 
cupied in  one  of  the  public  buildings  of  the  city,  and  experiencing  much  incon- 
venience from  the  want  of  suitable  permanent  accommodations  for  the  transaction 
of  Masonic  business,  it  was  proposed  and  determined,  by  a  unanimous  vote  of 
its  members,  to  erect  an  edifice,  which,  while  it  afforded  ample  accommodations 
for  the  Fraternity,  should  also  be  an  ornament  to  the  city,  and  a  public  con- 
venience. Your  memorialists  would  not  disguise  the  fact,  that  considerations  of 
revenue  contributed  to  produce  this  determination  on  the  part  of  the  Grand 
Lodge.  As  the  depository  and  guardian  of  a  Charitable  Fund,  the  Grand  Lodge 
held  itself  morally  responsible  to  the  indigent  recipients  of  the  charities  accruing 
from  it,  and  felt  bound  to  see  that  it  was  rendered  as  productive  as  a  proper  re- 
gard to  its  security  would  allow. 

:  Under  these  circumstances,  and  not  entertaining  a  suspicion  that  the  Hon. 
Legislature  would  refuse,  or  that  the  most  unyielding  among  the  opponents  of 
Freemasonry  could  object  to  such  a  modification  of  its  act  of  incorporation, 
as  would  enable  it  to  hold  a  greater  amount  of  real  estate,  and  proportionally 
less  of  personal  estate,  than  it  was  then  empowered  to  do,  —  the  said  Grand 
Lodge,  in  the  autumn  of  1830,  laid  the  corner-stone  of  the  building  known  as 
the  "  Masonic  Temple,"  in  the  city  of  Boston. 

The  original  purchase  of  this  estate  was  far  within  the  amount  which  the  act 
of  incorporation  authorized  the  Grand  Lodge  to  hold  ;  but  foreseeing  that  the 
augmenting  value  of  the  rising  structure  would  exceed  this  amount,  a  petition 
was  presented  to  the  Hon.  Legislature,  at  the  winter  session  of  1831,  praying 
for  such  a  modification  of  its  corporate  powers  as  would  enable  it  to  hold  real 
estate,  not  exceeding  the  value  of  sixty  thousand  dollars,  and  personal  estate, 
not  exceeding  the  value  of  twenty  thousand  dollars.  The  petitioners  did  not 
ask  for  an  extension  of  their  corporate  powers,  nor  to  be  invested  with  any  addi- 
tional ones  ;  but  simply  for  such  a  modification  of  the  rights  and  powers  which 
they  already  enjoyed,  as  the  Hon.  Legislature  has  always  shown  itself  willing  to 
make  for  the  accommodation  of  other  corporate  associations,  —  a  modification 
which,  your  memorialists  humbly  conceive,  was  calculated  to  lessen,  rather  than 
to  increase  the  power  of  the  corporation,  and  by  which  no  principle  of  law  or 
policy  was  to  be  surrendered  or  prejudicially  affected.  I'or  reasons  which  im- 
partial history  will  doubtless  exhibit,  but  the  pertinence  of  which  the   wisdom  of 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  253 

the  historian  may  not  easily  recognize,  the  prayer  of  these  petitioners  was  not 
granted. 

The  embarrassment  in  which  tliis  unexpected  result  involved  the  Corpora- 
tion will  readily  occur  to  your  Hon.  body.  The  land  on  which  the  contemplated 
building  was  to  be  erected  had  been  purchased,  the  foundation  laid,  and  the 
contracts  made  for  its  erection.  Your  memorialists  respectfully  submit  that 
there  can  be  no  difference  of  opinion  among  the  ingenuous  and  imprejudiced 
portion  of  your  Honorable  body,  in  respect  to  the  course  it  was  proper,  under 
these  circumstances,  for  the  Grand  Lodge  to  jDursue.  It  determined  to  go  on 
with  the  erection  of  the  building  it  had  commenced,  and  either  to  trust  to  the 
magnanimity  and  justice  of  a  future  Legislature,  for  the  necessary  modification 
of  its  act  of  incorporation,  or  to  dispose  of  the  property,  as  circumstances  might 
dictate,  when  it  should  become  saleable.  For  reasons,  with  which  it  is  unnec- 
essary to  trouble  the  Legislature,  the  Grand  Lodge  have  adopted  the  latter 
alternative. 

Although  your  Memorialists  had  observed  in  the  proceedings  of  a  former 
Legislature  that  certain  citizens,  professing  to  be  jealous  of  the  powers  conferred 
by  our  act  of  incorporation,  or  of  the  manner  in  which  they  were  exercised,  had 
applied  for  a  repeal  of  it,  we  had  received  no  formal  notice  of  any  measure  for  that 
purpose  until  a  few  days  ago,  when  a  Circular,  purporting  to  be  a  copy  of  a  Me- 
morial to  your  Honorable  Body,  was  addressed  and  handed  to  all  the  principal 
officers  of  the  said  Grand  Lodge,  by  a  sheriff.  The  ultimate  object  of  this  peti- 
tion seems  to  be  a  revocation  of  the  act  of  incorporation  of  the  Grand  Lodge.  On 
the  face  of  it,  however,  is  spread  out  a  series  of  direct  charges  and  scandalous 
insinuations  against  the  principles  and  practices  of  that  corporation.  l!ut,  as  they 
are  true  or  supposable,  only  as  afaithful  representation  of  the  spirit  and  proceed- 
ings of  those  who  originated  them,  a  due  regard  to  tke  blamelessness  and  re- 
spectability of  the  said  Grand  Lodge,  as  well  as  a  personal  sense  of  self-re.spect, 
alike  admonish  your  memorialists  to  refrain  from  any  more  particular  notice  of 
them.  Tlie  Grand  Lodge  can  enter  into  no  discussion  of  the  i)rinciplcs  of  Free- 
masonry with  prejudiced  and  abusive  partizans  ;  but  especially  would  it  avoid 
the  indecorum  of  obtruding  such  a  controversy  into  the  presence  of  the  Legisla- 
ture of  the  Commonwealth.  All  controversy  which  may  ha  honoralily  avoided 
is  inconsistent  with  the  conciliatory  precepts  and  beneficent  designs  of  our  as- 
sociation.    We  are  required  rather  to  suffer  undeserved  persecution  and  injur) , 


354  CENTE  NNIA  L    M  E  M  O  R I A  L . 

than  unnecessarily  to  maintain  strife  and  bitterness.  And  although  as  citizens  of 
a  government  of  laws  we  can  submit  to  nothing  that  is  clearly  wrong,  as  the 
friends  of  peace  and  order  we  can  persist  in  nothing  that  is  not  clearly  right. 
Actuated  by  these  sentiments,  and  by  a  sincere  desire  to  spare  the  Legislature 
the  annoyance  and  unprotitable  consumption  of  time,  which  the  political  party 
interested  in  the  petition  may  otherwise  occasion,  the  Grand  Lodge  has  deter- 
mined to  make  a  voluntary  surrender  of  its  civil  Charter;  and  the  undersigned,  the 
present  memorialists,  have  been  duly  appointed  to  inform  the  Honorable  Legis- 
lature that  by  a  vote,  passed  at  a  regular  meeting  of  that  Corporation,  on  the 
evening  of  December  27th,  1833,  (a  copy  of  which  is  hereunto  annexed,)  its 
corporate  powers  were  relinquished,  its  act  of  incorporation  vacated,  and  your 
memorialists  instructed  to  return  it  to  the  Honorable  Legislature,  from  whom  it 
was  derived. 

Finally,  that  there  may  be  no  misunderstanding  of  this  matter,  either  in  the 
Legislature  or  among  our  fellow-citizens,  we  beg  leave  to  represent  precisely 
the  nature  and  extent  of  the  surrender  contained  in  this  Memorial.  By  divest- 
ing itself  of  its  corporate  powers,  the  Grand  Lodge  has  relinquished  none  of  its 
Masonic  attributes  or  prerogatives.  These  it  claims  to  hold  and  exercise  inde- 
pendently alike  of  popular  will  and  Legislative  permission  —  not  of  toleration, 
but  of  right.  Its  members  are  intelligent  freemen,  and  although  willing  to 
restore  any  gift  or  advantage  derived  from  the  government,  whenever  it  becomes 
an  object  of  jealousy,  however  unfounded,  nothing  is  further  from  their  inten- 
tions, or  from  their  convictions  of  duty,  than  to  sacrifice  a  private  institution, 
for  social  and  benevolent  purposes  —  the  interests  of  whicli  have  l^een  entrusted 
to  them  —  in  order  to  appease  a  popular  excitement,  of  which  that  Institution 
may  have  been  tlie  innocent  occasion. 

John  Abbot,  Master. 

Eli  AS  Haskell,  )    Wardens  of  the  G.  L.  0/ 

Attest,  Benj.   15.  Appleton,         \  Massachusetts. 

Charles  W.  Moore, 

Grand  Secretary. 


C  EN  TENNIA  L    ME  MOR I A  L . 


255 


CENTENNIAL    ODE. 


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CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


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char   -   ter  stands  as  fair     As  when  the  Douglas   sealed    it  there,  As  when  the  Douglas  sealed  it  there. 

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CEXTEXXIAL     MEMORIAL. 


259 


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radiance  lights  the  east,     And  loving  friends  will  grace  our  feast.  And  loving  friends  will  grace  ourfeast! 


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bind  our  ripened  sheaves,  And  garland  them  with  Autunni  leaves,  And  garland  them  with  Autiimu  haves! 

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260  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL 


A  SONG  FOR  THE  LODGE. 

The  following  Song,  selected  and  adapted  for  the   celebration  in  1856,  came 
loo  late  for  the  occasion.     The  Lodge  will  be  glad  to  find  it  preserved  here. 

Ta.NE,  —  The  Brave  Old  Oak. 

A  song  for  the  Lodge  —  the  old  St.  Andrew  Lodge  ! 

That  has  lived  in  the  light  so  long  ! 
On  the  Level  and  Square,  we  all  repair, 

To  join  in  the  feast  and  song  ! 
In  the  days  gone  by,  there  was  joy  in  each  eye. 
When  the  Charter  gave  birth  to  her  name. 
On  this  festal  night,  in  Masonic  light, 
Let  ns  join  in  one  acclaim. 

In  a  song  for  the  Lodge  —  the  old  St.  Andrew  Lodge  ! 

That  lives  not  in  light  alone  ! 
But  doth  honor  and  cheer  the  Grand  Lodge  here, 
Though  a  hundred  years  are  gone. 

To  the  Lodges  all  that  are  here  at  the  call  ! 

By  name  as  by  number  "  Free," 
By  St.  Andrew's  Cross,  a  bumper  we'll  toss, 

With  "  Masonic"  cheers  by  "three," 
If  brotherhood  claim  any  more  than  a  name, 

Let  us  build  on  the  corner  stone; 
And  a  Temple  raise,  that  will  draw  the  gaze, 
When  a  hundred  years  are  gone  ! 

Then  a  song  for  the  Lodge  —  the  old  St  Andrew  Lodge  ! 

That  has  lived  not  in  light  alone  ! 
But  doth  honor  and  cheer  the  Grand  Lodge  here, 
Though  a  hundred  years  are  gone. 

A  Song  for  the  Lodge  — the  old  St.  Andrew  Lodge  ! 

For  by  that  sainted  name, 
To  each  Mason  here  will  be  more  dear. 

His  Lodge's  honor  and  fame. 
May  Aberdour's  name  with  Masonic  fame. 

Descend  on  sculptured  stone  ! 
Be  his  memory  bright  on  St.  Andrew's  night. 
When  a  hundred  years  are  gone  ! 

Then  a  song  for  the  Lodge  —  the  old  St.  Andrew  Lodge  ! 

That  has  lived  not  in  light  alone  ! 
But  doth  honor  and  cheer  the  Grand  Lodge  here. 
Though  a  hundred  years  are  gone. 


CENTENNIAL 


OF 


MASSACHUSETTS  LODGE,  BOSTON, 

MAY      12,      1870. 


While  the  last  pages  of  tliis  Memorial  were  passing  through  the  press,  tlie 
"  Centennial  "  of  an  honored  sister  Lodge  has  been  duly  celebrated.  In  frater- 
nal courtesy  let  a  mention  of  the  interesting  Festival  of  our  Brothers  of  '*  Mas- 
sachusetts "  be  handed  down  on  the  page,  and  with  tlie  record  of  the  Lodge  of 
St.  Andrew :  — 

Massachusetts  Lodge,  Boston,  No.  2  on  the  roll  of  the  Second,  or  Pro- 
vincial Grand  Lodge  in  the  Colony  of  Massachusetts,  and  the  third  in  age 
in  the  city,  was  chartered  by  Grand  Master  Joseph  Warren,  May  12,  1770, 
and  its  one  hundredth  anniversary  was  celebrated  in  an  elegant  manner,  at  the 
Masonic  Temple.  The  entire  structure  was  placed  at  the  disj^osal  of  tliis  oc- 
casion ;  and  the  jDrincipal  services  were  a  voluntary  on  the  organ,  the  recep- 
tion of  the  'SI.  W.  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  music 
by  the  choir,  address  of  welcome  by  W.  Bro.  George  Emerson,  Master  of  the 
Lodge,  prayer  by  Rev.  Bro.  John  P.  Robinson,  reading  of  the  Charter  by  i\.  W. 
A.  A.  Dame,  Senior  Member,  and  the  singing  of  an  ode  by  the  choir,  written  by 
W.  Bro.  W.  S.  Adams.  After  which  an  oration  was  delivered  by  W.  ISro.  Clias. 
W.  Slack.  This  production  was  finely  written  ;  tlie  topics  were  presented 
with  admirable  perspicuity,  and  it  was  replete  with  interesting  historical  matter. 

From  this  Oration,  the  following  incidents  in  tlie  history  of  Massachusetts 
Lodge  are  gathered. 

The  first  and  second  meetings  of  the  Lodge  were  held  at  the  Green  Dragon, 
when  it  was  voted  to  hold  future  meetings  at  Concert  Hall,  on  (^ueen,  now  Court 
Street.  On  the  3d  of  January,  1774,  the  M.  W.  G.  M.  Joseph  Warren  visited 
the  Lodge  in  Due  P\jrni,  his  last  ofificial  and  personal  visit.  From  October. 
1774,  to  February,  1775,  the  Lodge  met  in  the  Bunch  of  Grapes  Tavern.  A 
suspension  then  occurred,  the  Lodge  holding  its  next  meeting  on  December  9, 


262  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1778.     On  the  7th  of  March,  1780,  it  made  a  movement  for  a  National  G.  Lodge, 
with  Washington  at  its  head.   The  announcement  on  the  evening  of  2d  of  Nov- 
ember, that  the  Charter  was  missing,  created  great  excitement ;  no  trace  of  it 
could  be  found  ;  but,  on  the  2d  of  December,  it  re-appeared."  On  the  30th  of  April 
1810,  the  utility  of  instituting  a  fund  for  charity  was  suggested.  A  committee  was 
appointed  to  consider  and  report  a  plan,  which  was  adopted  July  30.     On  the 
i6th  of  June,  1817,  an  act  of  incorporation  for  the  Grand  Lodge  was  obtained.  In 
1817,  the  several  Lodges  procured  a  lease  of  apartments  in  the  Exchange  Coffee 
House  ;  thesfe  premises  were  destroyed  by  fire,  November  3,  181 8,  the  Lodge 
losing  much  of  its  regalia.     The  present  arrangements,  respecting  charity  to 
strangers,  were  established  in  1819.     In  the  spring  of  1821,  the  Lodge  took 
apartments  in  the  Old  State  House,  with  other  Lodges.     On  the  29th  of  March, 
1822,  a  portrait  of  General  Joseph  Warren  was  obtained.     June    17,  1825, 
the  Lodge  participated  in  the  ceremonies  of  laying  the  corner-stone  of  Bunker 
Hill  Monument.     February  23,  1827,  the   Lodge  took  action  on  the  subject  of 
erecting  a  Masonic  Temple  ;  on  the  30th  of  December,  1831,  the  Lodge  met  there 
for  the  first  time.     On  the  24th  of  June,  1845,  by  invitation  of  King  Solomon's 
Lodge,  of  Charlestovvn,  the  Lodge  joined  in  dedicating  the  model  of  the  old  mon- 
ument erected  by  them  in  1794,  to  the  memory  of  Warren.     On  the    15th  of 
November,  1858,  the  Lodge  met  in  Nassau  Hall,  and  on  the   loth  of  January, 
i860,  in  the  Winthrop  House  ;  on  the  5th  of  April,  1864,  this  was  destroyed  by 
fire,  and  the  Lodge  again  lost  its  property,  and    took  temporary  quarters  in 
Thorndike  Hall.     On  the  14th  of  October,  1864,  the  corner-stone  of  the  new 
Temple  was  laid,  and  tlie  dedication  took  place  on  St.  John's   Day,  June  2d, 
1867.    The  first  meeting  of  the  Lodge  was  held  the  24th  of  September  following, 
making  the  seventeenth  place  of  communication  it  has  known.     The  whole 
number  of  Initiates  is  1026,  Crafted  looi.  Raised  958. 

At  the  close  of  Bro.  Slack's  address,  M.  W.  Grand  Master,  William  Sewall 
Gardner,  made  an  address  ;  this  closed  the  exercises  of  the  afternoon.  At  half- 
past  six,  a  reception  was  held,  when  the  Committee  received  prominent  guests  ; 
at  half-past  seven  the  company  passed  to  the  banquet-hall  of  the  Temple.  Floral 
decorations  were  abundant,  giving  the  hall  a  beautiful  appearance.  Opposite 
the  entrance  and  against  the  wall  were  suspended  "  G  "  and  the  square  and 
compass,  formed  of  red  and  white  pinks,  set  in  roses  reheved  by  smilax.  On 
one  side  of  the  hall  was  "  1870,"  and  opposite  "  1770."  Large  baskets  of  flowers 
hung  from  the  arches  of  the  Gothic  windows  and  over  the  various  arches  which 


C  E  N  TE  NNIA  L    ME  M  O  R I A  L  .  263 

divide  the  hall.  The  tables  presented  a  tempting  appearance,  all  that  was 
necessary  for  such  an  occasion  being  provided  in  abundance.  The  Germania 
Band  occupied  the  entry  adjoining  the  hall.  When  the  banquet  had  been  par- 
taken of,  the  W.  M.  George  R.  Emerson  called  the  company  to  order,  and  intro- 
duced M.  W.  Grand  Master,  William  Sewall  Gardner,  who  called  upon  R.  W. 
D.  G.  M.  Charles  Levi  Woodbury,  who  interested  the  audience  in  a  humorous 
manner,  by  anticipating  that  Masonry  in  the  future  might  be  composed  of  women. 
Maj-or  Shurtleff  was  the  next  speaker,  congratulating  the  Lodge  on  the  success 
of  their  first  centennial.  Bro.  Slack  closed  with  a  speech.  The  company  now- 
passed  to  the  Gothic  Hall,  where  the  Boston  Commandery  choir  gave  a 
musical  entertainment.  In  the  meantime  the  banquet-hall  was  cleared  of  its 
tables,  and  a  well  selected  order  of  dances  began,  to  the  music  of  the  Ger- 
mania Band.     At  Low  Twelve  the  festivities  ceased. 

Thus  closed  creditably  and  graciously,  after  the  manner  of  Masons,  the  Third 
Centennial  Observance  by  a  subordinate  Lodge  in  Boston. 

The  following  reflections  from  the  Freemasons'  Monthly  Magazine  for 
June,  on  the  "  Centennial "  observances  of  the  Fraternity  are  so  pertinent  to  the 
Celebration,  as  well  as  to  this  Memorial  Volume  itself,  that  they  are  given 
entire. 

The  occurrence  of  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  a  Masonic  Lodge,  wherever  located, 
or  under  whatever  circumstances,  is  an  event  eminently  worthy  of  commemoration.  The 
full  rounding  oft"  of  one  hundred  years  of  continued  existence,  is  a  favor  whicli  few 
voluntary  secular  associations  are  permitted  to  realize.  Bound  together  by  no  special 
ties  of  interest,  such  societies  spring  into  life,  play  their  allotted  part,  pass  away,  and  are 
forgotten.  To  this  general  law  of  mutation,  Masonic  Lodges,  though  by  no  means 
wholly  or  even  largely  exempted,  undoubtedly  present  more  exceptions  than  are  to  be 
found  in  any  other  class  of  the  community.  This  may,  and  jnol^ably  is,  in  some  measure, 
attributable  to  the  foct  that  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  as  a  secular  institution,  is  more  nu- 
merous, botji  in  its  membership  and  in  its  auxiliary  aids,  than  any  of  the  other  social 
divisions.  But  the  true  reason  is  to  l)e  found  in  its  peculiar  conformation,  and  adaptation 
to  the  social  needs  and  necessides  of  life.  \\\  this  respect  it  is  without  an  equal.  Its 
members,  whatever  may  have  been  their  motive  in  joining  it,  soon  learn  to  love  it,  not 
from  selfish  or  eleemosynary  considerations,  but  from  the  harmonizing  and  softening  in- 
fluences which  it  exercises  over  their  lives,  the  sympathetic  emotions  it  awakens  in  the 
heart,  and  the  confidence  it  inspires  in  each  other.  And  this  is  the  secret  of  its  success 
and  endurance,  that  which  has  brought  it  down  along  the  ages  of  the  past,  and  will  carry 
it  forward  in  defiance  of  the  prejudices,  the  opposition,  and  the  persecutions  of  bigotry 
and  intolerance,  for  ages  to  come. 


CHRONOLOGY 


In  the  succeeding  pages,  interesting  incidents  from  Records  and 
Archives, — •chronologically  arranged,  —  are  presented,  illustra- 
tive OF  THE  history  OF  THE  LODGE  OF  ST.  ANDREW. 


175^- 
'753- 

1754- 

1756,  April  10. 
Nov.  30. 

1757,  March  14. 

March  19. 

March  24. 

May  9. 

May  23. 
June   13. 
175S,  March  20. 


Lodge  established  under  the  law  of  "■  ancient  usage  ;  ''  meet- 
ing at  Green  Dragon. 

George  Bray  received  as  an   Entered  Apprentice,  being  the- 
first  Initiate. 

Petition  sent  to  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  for  a  Charter. 

Lodge  meeting.    Seven  members  present.    Three  candidates. 

Petition  for  Charter  of  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  granted  by  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

Seven  present  ;     adjourned    to  9th  of  May,    at  Whateley's 
Lodge  to  appear  decently  clothed. 

Under  this  date  Grand  Secretary  of  Scotland  notifies  that  the 
name  of  .St.  Andrew  has  been  given  to  the  Lodge. 

Under  this  date  Lodge  notified  that  the  new  charter  is  to  be 
a  copy  of  James  IV.,  charter  to  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

Met  at    Whateley's   Inn.     Voted,  5 1  assessment,  part  for  ex- 
penses, the  rest  to  go  to  Treasurer  for  aprons. 

Eight  present.     Received  ^3.1 2J.     Reckoning  ^2. 

Si.x  present.     Expenses  30  shillings. 

All    the   members    present,   excepting    I.    DeCosler,  Master ; 
adj.  to  3d  April,  when  four  were  raised,  and  one  crafted. 


268  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1758,  April  24.       Adjourned  until  4th  May. 

July  3.  Reckoning  16  shillings  ;  adjourned  to  6th  inst. 

Next  meetings  July  24,  August  28,  August  31.     Other  dates 
gone. 

1760,  April  4.         James  Logan  agent  of  the  Lodge   instructs  Wm.   McAlpine 

in  regard  to  taking  the   Charter  of  St.  Andrew's  over  to 

America,  in  a  letter  dated  at  Falkirk. 
June  24.        St.  John's  day,  celebrated  at  the  Grey  Hound  Inn,  Roxbury. 
Dec.  30.        St.  John's  day  celebrated  at  British  Coffee  House,  King  St. 
July  10.         Lodge  vote  jewels  and  a  box  for  the  Charter. 
Sept.  4.         Charter  laid  before  the  Lodge,  first  time. 
Sept.  18.       Voted  to  remove  Lodge  to   Royal  Exchange  Tavern,   King 

street.     Letter  of  thanks  voted  to  Lord  Aberdour  and  R.  W. 

Bro.  James  Logan. 
Dec.  18.        One  dozen  aprons  ordered  exclusively  for  visiting  Brethren. 

Letter  of  thanks  to  Lodge  at  Halifax,  N.  S.,  No.  2,  for  copy 

of  By-Laws. 
Dec.  26.       Formal  letter  of  thanks  to  Lord  Aberdour  for  the  Charter,  and 

by  same  packet  2  buckskins  for  breeches  and  gloves  sent 

out  to  Bro.  Logan. 

1761,  Feb.  12.        Committee  raised  to  prepare  state  of  the  Lodge,  to  be  sent  to 

Scotland.  Bro.  Moses  Deshon  thanked  for  donation  of 
Book  of  Constitutions.  ^5.  6s.  %d.  voted  Bro.  Blake  "  for 
his  loss  when  Faneuil  Hall  was  burnt." 

Feb.  17.  Bro.  James  Logan  appointed  to  represent  St.  Andrew's  in 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland.  Letter  sent  to  Lord  Aberdour, 
Grand  Master,  noting  the  refusal  of  St.  John  Grand  Lodge 
to  admit  St.  Andrew's  members. 

April  8.  St.  John's  G.  L.  pass  a  vote  of  "outlawry  against  a  Lodge  of 
Scotch  Masons  in  Boston,"  —  meaning  St.  Andrew's  L'ge. 

May  14.  Wm.  McAlpine  voted  his  Initiation  fees  for  bringing  over 
the  Charter.  Voted  to  advertise  Celebration  of  Feast  of 
St.  John,  at  Royal  Exchange  Tavern  by  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge,  holding  by  authority  of  Rt.  Hon.  The  Lord  Aber- 
dour, Grand  Master  of  Great  Britain. 

Sept.  10.  Joseph  Warren  received  as  an  Entered  Apprentice.  Lodge 
held  at  Bro.  Stone's  house. 

Nov.  2.         Joseph  Warren  passed  to  the  degree  of  Fellow  Craft. 

Nov.  26.  Special  meetings  on  the  Secretary's  answer  to  summons  for 
mis-behaviour.     Joseph  Warren  admitted  to  membership. 

1762,  3  gold  Johannes  voted  George   Bray  for  his   loss  by  fire  and 

^26  by  subscription. 


C  E  N  TE  NNIA  L    J/  E  M  0  R I A  L .  269 

1762,  June  4.  Date  of  letter  from  Earl  of  Elgin  and  Kincardin,  approving- 

course  of  St.  Andrew's. 

Oct.  29.  Letter  to  Earl  of  Elgin,  Grand  ^Master,  appointing  A.  Mc- 
Dougal,  Proxy  for  St.  Andrew,  and  soliciting  instructions 
etc.,  etc.,  from  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  also  soliciting  a 
Royal  Arch  Charter,  with  power  to  form  more  Lodges  in 
America. 

Nov.  30.  ^  Committee  appointed  "  to  write  home  to  Scotland."  Voted, 
"a  genteel  chair  for  the  R.  W.  Master."  Thanks  given  to 
Bro.  Samuel  Barrett  "for  donation  of  two  genteel  silver 
ladles."  St.  Andrew's  night,  being  30th  Nov.,  voted  that 
it  be  set  apart  as  Grand  Lodge  night,  to  be  held  annually 
by  this  Lodge. 

Dec.  10.  Tickets  for  the  Feast  voted  to  Scotch  gentlemen,  strangers  in 
town.  Voted  to  pay  members  out  of  stock  for  money  ad- 
vanced towards  charter. 

Dec.  27.        St.  John's  day  celebrated  at  Royal  Exchange. 

1763,  Feb.  I.  Letter  to  Grand   Lodge  of  Scotland,  caUing  attention  to  the 

un-masonic    treatment   which  St.    Andrew's   receives   from- 
the  Provincial  Grand   Lodge,  and  requesting  Grand  Lodge 
of  Scotland  not  to   grant  a  cliarter  to   certain   parties   in 
Boston,  also  acknowledging  the  appointment  of  Col.  John 
Young  as  G.  M.  for  America. 
Feb.  3.  Part  of  a  remittance  of  7  guineas  applied  to   General  Charity 

Fund  of  G.  L.  of  Scotland. 
Feb.  22.        List  of  members,  occupations  etc.,  sent  to  G.  L.  of  Scotland.  ' 
June  9.         Voted  that  the  Feast  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  be  held  at  Bro. 
Col.  Ingersoll's,  Roxbury. 

1764,  Jan.  9.  Letter  to  Grand   Lodge,  on  remittance  of  seven  guineas  on 

account  of  St.  Andrew's. 
Jan.  12.         Voted  that  this  Lodge  buy  five  tickets  in  Faneuil  Hall  Lottery 

No.  2.     Owing   to   inconveniences  with  respect   to  changes 

and  place,  voted  to  buy  a  house. 
March  31.    Deed   of  Green    Dragon  Estate  passed  to  the   Lodge  from 

Catherine  Kerr,  for  the  consideration  of  ^466.  13.^-.  4//.,  and 

has  remained  the  property  of  St.  Andrew's  ever  since. 
April  13.       Lodge  meeting  held  at  Green  Dragon  Tavern. 
June  24.        St.  John's  day  celebrated  at  Green  Dragon  for  the  first  time. 
Oct.  12.        £6.  I3.f.  4c/.  paid  Thos.  Crafts  for  painting  floor-cloth.     ^100 

paid  out  of  Lodge  stock  towards  Masonic  Hall. 
Nov.  30.       Voted,  that  the  stewards  provide  wine,  rum,  lemons,  etc.,  and 

take  care  of  the  same. 


270 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


1765,  Jan.  7. 

Jan.  10. 

I  ^Jan.  21. 
Feb.  14. 

April  19. 

Nov.  14. 

Nov.  30. 

Dec.  2. 

1766,  Jan.  9. 
Jan.  22. 


Jan.  24. 
Jan.  27. 

Feb.  13. 

March  19. 
March  27. 
April  10. 

May  2. 
June  12. 


Bill  paid   for  re-building  Green  Dragon  stable  ^26.  6i'.    \\d. 

lawful  money. 
Wm.  Lillie  thanked   "  for  donation  of  half  a  guinea  for  the 

good  of  the  Lodge." 
Wm.  Hoskiss  released  his  interest,  etc.,  (1764  a  wrong  date.) 
Committee  appointed  to  receive  the  Covenant  from  the  House 

Committee. 
Lodge  adjourned  to  2d  Monday  of  next  month,  "  and  broke 

up  in  great  confusion." 
Voted  unanimously  that  Doctor  Joseph  Warren  be  re-admitted 

a  member  of  this  Lodge. 
Until  a  certain  vote  of  Grand  Lodge  be  made  void,  voted  not 

to  admit  members  of  any  of  the  Lodges  of  the  town  as  visi- 
tors :  —  vote  of  retaliation. 
Thanks  to  R.  W.  Bro.  Burbeck  for  past  services  as   Master 

for  many  years. 
Committee  formed  to  regulate   funeral  processions,  and  also 

to  write  to  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 
Committee  to  wait  on  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  with  a  compli- 
mentary address,  and  request  a  "  happy  coalition." 
The  Committee  reported  the  answer  of  St.  John's  ;  the  Lodge 

voted  that  it  was  by  no  means  satisfactory,  and  ordered  the 

same  Committee  to  answer  St.  John's. 
St.  Andrew's  officially  communicates  its  desire  to  St.  John's 

Grand  Lodge  for  a  "  happy  coalition." 
Ed.  Ouincy,  Grand  Secretary,  sends  to  St.  Andrew's  a  series 

of  offensive  votes  by  St.  John's   Grand    Lodge   in   reply  to 

the  desire  for  a  "  happy  coalition." 
Letter  acknowledging  communication  from  Grand   Lodge  of 

Scotland,  and  advising  of  the  efforts  of  St.   Andrew's  for 

civiHties  between  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge   and  St.  And'w's. 
Voted,  "  that  there  be  no  stamping  with  the  foot."     A  com- 
mittee of  five  to  draw  up  regulations  for  charity. 
Thomas  Milliken's  bill  rendered  for  ^95.  \^s.  ^d.  for  repairs 

on  Green  Dragon  after  purchase. 
St.  Andrew's  sent  to  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  a  series  of  votes 

in  reply  to  the  offensive  action    of  that  body.      Voted  to 

send  copy  of  all  votes  to  Scotland. 
Report  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  on  St.  Andrew's  Lodge, 

closing  in  a  vein  of  mockery. 
Voted  to  transmit  to  Scotland  all  that  passed  between  G.  L. 

and  St.  Andrew's. 


CENTEXXIAL    MEMORIAL.  271 

1766,  July  10.        Letter    for    above    purpose  voted    acceptable,    and    ordered 

sent  first  opportunity. 

Aug.  14.  \'oted,  that  the  charity  regulations  be  shown  to  Dep'y  G. 
Master  Rowe. 

Dec.  I.  Thanks  to  Bro.  Jona.  Snelling  for  services  as  Sec.     Tiianks 

to  R.  W.  J.  Rowe  for  generous  subscription  to  charity  fund. 
Voted,  that  members  be  expelled,  who  do  not  pay  Ouar'ages 
by  April,  if  in  the  Province.  Voted,  "that  R.  W.  John 
Rowe  be  admitted  a  member  of  this  Lodge." 

1767,  Jan.  12.         \'oted,   that  the   Standing   Committee  raise   the   rent   of  the 

house  to  £7$,  lawful  money,  or  by  agreement  to  secure 

the  hall  solely  for  the  use  of  this  Lodge. 
June  12.        Committee   chosen   to  write  to  Scotland.     Voted,  that  James 

Otis,  Esq.,  be  desired  to  attend  to-morrow  evening,  and  a 

guinea  fee  be  given  him. 
July  10.         The  Sec.  to  draw  up  account  of  members'  payment  towards 

the  house. 
Nov.  30.       Whereas  the  G.  Lodge  has  forbidden  the  visits  of  the  members 

of  St.  Andrew's,  etc..  Voted,  that  this   Lodge  will  not  admit 

the  members  of  any  of  the  Lodges  in  this  town,  or  persons 

made  therein,  until  said  G.  L.  make  their  vote  void. 

1768,  Feb.  II.        Agreement  made  with  Bro.  Wm.  Burbeck. 

Feb.  20.        Estate  G.  D.  conveyed  to  W.  B.  for  ^400  lawful  money. 

Feb.  22.        Date  of  Bond  from  Wm.  Burbeck. 

March  10.  Thanks  to  committee  for  good  services  in  the  affiiirs  of  the 
house.  Voted,  that  the  Stewards  keep  the  keys  of  the  store 
closet,  and  see  to  drawing  all  the  liquors.  Voted,  that 
the  Secretary  keep  the  key  of  the  hall. 

May  12.  That  every  member  provide  himself  with  an  apron,  and  that 
the  treasurer  shall  provide  i  doz.  aprons  and  2  doz.  glasses. 

Nov.  23.  G'd  ALast'r  Rowe  installed  at  Concert  Hall,  sermon  at  Trinity 
Ciiurcli.     The  hand  of  the  British  Troops  gave  the  nuisic. 

Nov.  30.  Bro.  John  Webb  fined  3  shillings  for  not  attending  a  commit- 
tee meeting.  Joseph  War  rex  chosen  Master.  Voted, 
that  a  Jewel  be  provided  for  the  Stewards.  Voted,  that 
•  •  ,  there  shall  be  no  smoking  when  the  Lodge  is  open,  only 

when  called  to  refreshment.  Voted,  that  a  committee  of 
seven  be  appointed  to  consider  the  expediency  of  applying 
to  G.  L.  of  Scotland,  for  a  Gr'd  Master  of  Ancient  ALa.sons. 
Use  of  the  hall  given  to  Regimental  Lodges  in  the  29th  and 
64th  Regiments. 

Dec.  8.  Formal  petition  sent  out  for  the  appointment  of  Jos.  Warren, 

as  G.  Master,  and  nominations  for  otiicr  ajJiiointmcnts. 


272  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1768,  Dec.  8.         Voted,  that  the  Feast  of  St.  John's  be  kept  by  St.  Andrew's, 
and  "  that  none  vulgarly  called  modern  Masons  be  admitted." 
Voted,  that  the  Stewards  shall  choose  two  members  to  as- 
sist in  iDroviding  for  the  Feast.     Voted,  that  money  owing 
to  the   G.  L.  of  Scotland  be  sent  by  first  opportunity,  and 
that  there  be  a  committee  of  three  to  attend  to  it.     Voted, 
that  Brothers  not  members  of  any  Lodge,  and  who  have 
taken  the   Fellow  Craft's  obligation  in  this   Lodge,  be  ad- 
mitted to  the  Feast. 
Dec.  27.        St.     Andrew's    advertise     St.    John's    celebration,    and     say 
"  where  the  most  ancient  only  are  desired  to  attend." 
1769,  Jan.  II.         Letter  remitting  dues  to  Scotland,  and  advice  in  the  matter  of 
address  of  Letters. 
Jan.  12.         Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  train  of  Artillery  to  have  the  lib- 
erty of  exercise  in  the  Hall. 
May  II.        Voted,  that  the  dispensation  granted  to  the  Masons  in  the  65th 
Regiment  is  unconstitutional. 
Voted,  that  huzzaing  be  omitted  for  the  future  except  on  Feast 
Days. 
May  30.       Joseph  Warren,  Master  of  St.  A's.  made  G.  Master  of  Masons 

in  Boston. 
Sept.  Paul  Revere,  Sec,  acknowledges  the  receipt  of  Grand  Master's 

commission. 
Sept.  14.      Voted,  that  modern  Masons  not  members  of  a  Lodge,  may  be- 
come candidates  for  the  Lodge,  they  agreeing  to  stand  to 
the  By-Laws. 
Sept.  19.       Voted,  "that  the  Lodge  adhere  to  old  regulations:  that  the  G. 
Lodge  be  provided  with  Jewels  made  of  any  metal  under  sil- 
ver :  that  the  Lodge  accept  Bro.  Paul  Revere's  offer  to  make 
the  Jewels,  and  wait  for  his  pay,  till  the  G.  Lodge  is  in  cash  ; 
that  the  G.  Master  be  installed  Dec.  27  next ;  that  there  be 
a  public  instalment,  but  no  procession  ;  that  this  Lodge  be 
at  the  expense  of  providing  for  the  G.  L.  Ribbons,  Mallets, 
Wands,"  &c.,  &c.,  &c. 
Oct.  12.         Unanimous  thanks  given  to  Bro.  Capt.  Laurence  Frazier  for 
his  great  care  in  bringing  over   M.  W.  Joseph  Warren's 
commission  as  Grand  Master. 
Nov.  30.       14  shillings  allowed  Bro.   Carter  for  copying  letters  to  and 

from  Scotland. 
Dec.  14.        The  committee  on  Instalment  report  that  information  be  given 
-.  to  the  Lodges  in  the  14th  and  29th   Regt.,  that  the  instal- 
ment of  a  Grand  Master  will  be  on  Wednesday  the  27th,  at 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL.  273 

1769,  Dec.  14,  Masons'  Hall.     Voted,  that  the  Feast  of  St.  John  the  Evan- 

gelist, be  celebrated  on  the  27th,  and  that  two  dozen  aprons 
be  provided  against  the  Feast. 

1770,  Jan.  II.         Voted,  a  committee  of  three  to  buy  a  quarter  cask  of  wine. 

Voted  unanimously,  that  this  Lodge  approve  of  the  Tyler's 
conduct  at  the  Feast,  in  taking  care  of  himself. 

'May  ID.        The  consideration  of  erecting  a  new  Lodge  taken  up  this  eve. 

Aug.  9.  A  committee  chosen  to  provide  a  Tyler. 

Nov.  8.  Voted,  that   the  first  paragraph   in   the  letter  from  G.  L.  be 

dismissed  till  St.  Andrew's  night.  12  shillings  granted 
quarterly  to  G.  L.  in  order  to  defray  expenses. 

Nov.  30.        Bro.  Burbeck's  reasons  for  not  att'ding  G.  L.  voted  satistact'y 

1 77 1,  I\Larch  4.      Grand  Lodge  of  Ancient  Masons  visited  in  due  form.     A'oted 

unanimously,  that  the  money  advanced  by  Bro.  Burbeck  for 

the  Charter,  be  oftered  to  him. 
April  9.         Letters  from  Lodges  58  and  59  charging  this  Lodge  with  ad- 
mitting Modern  Masons,  and  asking  a  conference.     Voted, 

that  said  letters  be  dismissed. 
April  II.       The  Master  desired  to  demand  the  Charter  of  Bro.  Burbeck. 

Demand   made   and   Bro.  Burbeck   refused  to  give  it  up. 

Voted,  to  apply  to  G.  L.  of  Scotland  for  a  copy  of  the  old 

Charter.     Voted,  that  a  committee  be  chosen  to  see  how 

the  money  for  the  house  can  be  raised. 
May  14.        Above  Letters  reconsidered,  and  answer  made  that  this  Lodge 

is  accountable  only  to  Grand  Lodge. 
Dec.  2.  Committee  to  wait  on  delinquent  members  for  arrearages. 

Dec.  6.  Grand  Master  Warren  notifies  his  appointment  of  Jos.  Webb 

as  Deputy  Grand  Master. 
Dec.  12.       Grand  Lodge  thanks  St.  Andrew's  for  the  use  of  utensils,  and 

asks  for  a  continuance  of  their  use.     Voted,  a  committee 

of  three  to  buy  a  quarter  cask  of  wine,  and  that  two  dozen 

aprons  be  procured. 

1772,  March  3.       Joseph  Warren  appointed  Grand  Master  of  North  America. 
June  II.        Invitation  from  G.  Lodge   to  St.  John's  Feast;  6  guineas  ap- 

propiated  for  the    aforesaid  out  of  stock,  and  aprons   tor 

strange  brethren. 
July  9.  Bro.  Revere  "  motioned  that  the  new  ribbons  purchased  for 

the  decency  of  St.  John's  Day  be  paid  for  by  the  Treasurer.'" 

The  Master  thanked  the  Brethren  for  their  good  behavior 

on  St.  John's  Day. 
Sept.  10.       G.  Lodge  complained  that  St.  Andrew's  was  not  represented 

at  last  meeting  ;   the  Master  said  he  was  out  of  town. 

35 


274  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1772,  Oct.  8.  Lodge  adjourned,  owing  to  room  being  overflowed  by  water 

from  late  storms. 
Oct.  13.         Two  members  of  Lodge  169  refused  admittance  till  tliat  Lodge 

admit  St.  A's.  members,  and  withdraw  charge  of  falsehood. 
Nov.  30.       Bro.  Burbeck  nominated  for  Master,   but  declines.     $1  paid 

Bro.  S.  Webb  for  bottling  quarter  cask  of  wine.     Committee 

chosen  to  copy  letters  to  and  from  Scotland  into  letter  book. 
Dec.  10.       M.  W.  G.  Master  presented  Calcott's  Disquisition  on  Ancient 

Masonry,  and  was  thanked  for  the  same.  Committee  chosen 

to  write  to  Scotland. 

1773,  Jan.  14.         Masons    not  made    in    this   Lodge    to    pay  20  shillings    for 

membership.     Mr.  Carpenter  refused  as  a  visitor,  because 
he  was  made  at  Castle  William,  and  is  irregular. 

April  22.       Special  meeting.     Charter  demanded  of  Bro.  Burbeck.     Mas- 
ter and  Wardens  report  that  Bro.  B.  will  give  no  answer. 
Application  to  G.  L.  for  a  dispensation  to  hold  a  Lodge  of 
St.  Andrew,  until  a  copy  of  Charter  comes  from  Scotland. 

May  13.        Dispensation  from  G.  L.  received,  and  that  body  thanked  for 
its  candor.     Voted,  that   Bro.  Wm.  Burbeck  be  suspended, 
till  he  gives  satisfactory  reasons  for  detaining  the  Charter. 
Dispensation  ordered  to  be  kept  by  the  Master,  and  laid  on 
the  table  each  Lodge-night. 

June  10.  Bro.  Paul  Revere  moved  a  union  of  two  committees,  on  the 
Charter  matter. 

July  8.  Lodge  adjourned  on  account  of  the  extreme  heat. 

Oct.  14.         M.  W.  Grand  Master  visited  the  Lodge. 

Nov.  II.        M.  W.  Grand  Lodge  in  Due  Form  visited  this  evening. 

Nov.  30.       Lodge  adjourned  on  account  of  the  few  Brothers  present. 
N.  B.    Consignees  of  TEA  took  the  Brethren's  time. 

Dec.  2.  Master  for  this  year  to  be  chosen  by  written  vote.  A  cask  of 
wine  ordered. 

Dec.  16.  Present,  W.  M.,  S.  W.,  J.  W.,  S.  D.,  and  J.  D.  Lodge 
closed  on  account  of  the  few  members  in  attendance,  until 
to-morrow  evening. 

Dec.  27.        Jos.  Webb  commissioned  as  Deputy  G.  M.  from  Jos.  Warren. 

1774,  Feb.  10.        Committee  on  affairs  with  Bro.  Burbeck  chosen. 

March  10.  Voted,  that  the  thanks  of  the  Lodge  be  given  to  R.  W.  Bros. 
Barrett,  Webb  and  Hoskins,  for  gift  of  pillows,  arch  and 
platform,  also  to  Bro.  A.  Newell  for  two  glass  lamps. 

Oct.  13.        Bro.  Robinson  of  Antigua  presented  one  guinea. 

Nov.  30.  Bro.  McElroy  presented  jewel  and  silver  lace  for  the  Tyler. 
The  Stewards  of  St.  A's.  and  Massachusetts  Lodge  invited 


CE  N  TJE  NNIA  L    M  E  MORTAL. 


275 


1774,  Nov.  30. 

1775,  March  3. 

1776,  Jan.  20. 


April  8. 


Aug.  8, 
Oct.  10. 


Dec.  2. 
Dec.  13. 

1777.  Jan.  24. 
March  8. 
April  10. 


April  18. 
May  27. 

June  3. 


Nov.  13. 


Dec. 

2. 

Dec. 

II 

Dec. 

12 

Dec. 

'5. 

to  meet  in  this  hall  to  treat  for  a  dinner  on  Feast  of  St.  John. 

Warren's  last  attendance  at  Grand  Lodge  meeting. 

British  army  occupy  Boston,  no  record  of  meeting  from  April 
13'  1775,  until  this  Jan.  20,  when  the  Lodge  "clubbed  for 
the  bill"  and  paid  all  but  Tihng. 

Bro.  Perez  Morton  of  St.  Andrew's  delivered  his  oration  on 
W.\RREX.  Obsequies  of  Warren  at  Granary  Burying 
Ground  ;  services  according  to  the  Masonic  ritual  as  per- 
fected by  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

Lodge  summoned  according  to  order —  no  attendance.  " 

Bro.  Paul  Revere  motioned  that  members  be  waited  upon 
about  continuance  of  their  membership  and  paying  Quar- 
terages. •    ■ 

R.  W.  D.  G.  M.  Jos.  Webb  thanked  by  vote  for  care  of  Lodge 
jewels,  books  and  furniture. 

Bro  Burbeck's  suspension  to  be  reconsidered  upon  liis  layings 
the  Charter  on  the  table  each  night. 

Bro.  Burbeck  presented  a  Book  of  Constitutions,  and  was 
thanked. 

Jos.  Webb  elected  Grand  Master.  (This  date  is  claimed  to 
be  the  true  date  of  the  Independence  of  the  G.  L.  of  Mass.) 

Committee  chosen  to  consider  some  matters  for  the  benefit  of 
this  Lodge  and  report  to  the  members. 

Dr.  John  Warren  made  a  Mason. 

Col.  Peter  Faneuil  made  a  Mason.  This  is  not  the  Peter  who- 
gave  the  Hall. 

Voted,  that  members  be  waited  on,  and  none  to  be  deemed 
members  who  have  not  paid  Quarterages  since  last  Nov.  ; 
"that  the  By-Laws  be  read,  and  a  number  be  selected  to 
remain  as  members  ;  that  each  visiting  brother  pay  his 
share  of  expenses  each  Lodge-night ;  that  Quarterages  be 
raised  to  9  shilhngs,  and  £^  for  Raisings  ;  that  no  visitors 
be  admitted  in  any  wise  on  special  Lodge-night,  but  by 
candidate's  invitation. 

Thanks  voted  to  Bro.  Hopkins  for  2  glass  globes  ;  to  others 
for  6  tapers,  for  half  a  chaldron  of  coal  and  a  cord  of  wood. 

At  an  annual  meeting  Nat.  Pierce  says,  "  God  save  the  Craft." 

Thanks  to  Bro.  Lazarus  Goodwin  for  his  compliments  of  1-4 
cask  of  wine. 

At  special  meeting  thanks  to  Bro.  Robt.  Allen  for  his  gift  of 
two  decanters. 

At  special  meeting,  Perez  Morton,  Paul  Revere,  Beiij.  Ilitchljorn 


276  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1777,  Dec.  15.  and  others,  appointed  a  committee  on  "Green  Dragon" 

business  with  Bro.  BurJDeck.  Voted,  that  sea-faring  broth- 
ers and  brethren  of  the  army  in  future  pay  i  shiUing  a  month. 
Voted,  that  Bro.  Woart  pay  £60  rent  for  the  house.  Voted, 
that  the  Stewards  report  what  is  wanting  for  the  "  Closets." 
N.  B.  This  was  a  large  and  enthusiastic  meeting  ;  35  visi- 
tors present,  and  30  names  proposed  for  membership. 
Dec.  26.       Wm.  Burbeck's  deed  to  Wm.  Bell  and  others,  for  /400.  etc. 

1778,  Jan.  8.  Voted  to  apply  to  General  Court  for  act  of  incorporation. 
Feb.  12.        Voted    lodgings    and    passage    home,  to    Wallach,  a  Dutch 

young  gentleman,  who  had  been  taken  by  one  of  tyrant 
George's  frigates,     /18.  15^-.  collected  for  him  also. 

Feb.  17.  ^3  given  to  Sergeant  James  Andrews,  a  prisoner  in  the  guard- 
ship,  "  in  token  of  the  regard  for  one  of  the  Fraternity  though 
an  enemy."  Thanks  to  Bro.  McElroy  for  new  Record 
book,  the  price  of  which  was  $16. 

May  12.  For  receiving  entered  apprentices  the  charge  to  be  ^9,  and 
visiting  brethren  to  pay  I2J. 

Auo-.  I  Bro.  John  Lowell  to  notify  committee  on  supplies  to  furnish  a 

quarter  cask  of  wine. 

Nov.  30.  j[fi  a  year  each,  allowed  the  Stewards  for  attendance.  Tyler, 
20  shillings  a  night.  Voted,  that  ^150  be  invested  in  the 
Loan  Office  ;  thanks  to  Bro.  Webb  for  gift  of  2  chairs. 

Dec.  10.        Thanks  to  Bro.  Wallach  for  a  number  of  elegant  Brass  Sconces. 

1 779,  Jan.  1 5.         The  hat  went  round  for  a  British  Bro.  in  distress,  ^23  collected. 
Feb.   II.       Bro.  Moses  Deshon,  presented  with  $100  out  of  stock. 

June  10.        The  "  hat  passed  "  for  the  Tyler  and  $62  collected.   ■ 

Sept.  9.         Thanks  to  Bro.  Duval  for  gift  of  |;6o. 

Nov.  29.  Treasurer's  account  settled,  showing  dealings  in  Mass.  State 
Lottery,  by  order  of  the  Lodge. 

Nov.  30.       Admission  fee  to  be  /loo  for  those  made  in  other  Lodges. 

Nov.  30.  i^75o  put  in  the  Loan  Office.  Paul  Revere  thanked  for  ser- 
vices as  Master. 

1780,  Jan.  13.         Standing  Committee  confer  on  purchase  of  adjoining  house. 
Feb.  10.        "  Petition  refering  to  the  Children  of  late  G.  Master,  Joseph 

Warren.     Voted,  to  be  left  with  the  Standing  Committee." 
March  9.     Bro.  Nathaniel  Willis  thanked  for  500  blank  summons. 
May  2.         Quarterages  fixed   at   $24.    Visitors  to  pay  I40  an  evening. 

Rent  of  Green  Dragon  £Afi,  hard  money. 
July  13.       The  hat  went  round   and  $293  collected  for  Mrs.  Fadre. 
Sept.  19.      The  Lodge  vote  unanimously  against  General  Grand  Lodge 

for  America. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


277 


Nov.  9. 
Dec.  25. 

1 78 1,  March  22. 
May  18. 
Aug.  31. 
Dec.  12. 

1782,  Feb.  9. 
March  14. 

Dec.  6. 
Dec.  16. 
Dec.  24. 

1783,  Jan.  I. 
Jan.  29. 


March  9. 

May  8. 

Dec.  12. 

1784,  Jan.  8. 
Jan.  22. 


$513  collected  for  Bro.  Gray  ;  next  meeting,  paid  ^90  for  his 
coffin. 

Major-General  Benj.  Lincoln  complimented  with  the  degrees 
this  evening. 

Committee  chosen  on  letting  the  Green  Dragon  and  locating 
a  new  Lodge  room. 

Above  committee  report  a  lot  near  the  common,  after  discus- 
sion the  matter  subsided. 

Punch  bowls  ordered  and  rum  and  liquors  to  be  laid  in,  by 
Col.  Fellow's  committee. 

Proclamation  for  Thanksgiving  of  the  Commonwealtli  noticed. 
Perfect  Union  Lodge  granted  liberty  of  Masons'  Hall. 

Committee  of  nine  cliosen  to  petition  Grand  Lodge  for  a 
Charter  securing  precedency. 

Petition  for  act  of  incorporation,  "  by  the  name  of  St. 
Andrew's,"  voted.  Hat  passed  for  distressed  strange 
brethren. 

The  name  and  title  of  "  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge "  first 
assumed  ;  its  declaration  of  independence  declared. 

Lodge  of  Emergency,  vote  of  30  to  19  against  acknowledging^ 
Mass.  G.  L.  independent  of  all  Lodges  in  the  universe. 

Committee  of  Mass.  G.  Lodge  appointed  to  confer  with  St. 
Andrew's  on  their  refusal  to  come  in. 

Committee  of  Mass.  G.  Lodge  appointed  to  confer  with  St. 
Andrew's,  ask  to  have  a  special  meeting  called. 

Mass.  G.   L.   notified  that  St.  A's  consider  the  step  of  the 
G.  L.  inconsistent  with  Masonic  principles,  etc.,  but  vote 
22  to  14  to  send  up  ALaster  and  Wardens  until  peace  is  de- 
clared with  Great  Britain.     A  committee  from  G.  L.  are 
admitted  to  St.  Andrew's. 

Protest  of  the  majority  of  St.  A's   Lodge  against  Mass.  G.  L. 

on  the  ground  that  Warren's  commission  died  with  him, 

and  political  changes  have  nothing  to  do  with  Freemasonry. 

Thos.  McGuyer  of  Bristol  admitted  to  the  Degrees  on  letter 

of  recommendation  of  Selectmen  of  said  Town. 
A  special  meeting  called  on  4th  of  Jan.  respecting  dependence 
on  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

Sea-faring  Brothers  to  vote  by  Proxy. 

Vote,  on  continuing  under  G.  Lodge  of  Scotland,  —  those  in 
favor  to  retire  to  north  side  of  liall,  and  those  who  acknowl- 
edge tlie  Massachusetts  G.  Lodge  to  the  soutli  side.  6  ma- 
jority for  Scotland. 


2/8 


■  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


1784,  Feb.  5. 


Feb.  12. 


Feb.  12. 


March  16. 


March  25. 


July 


Aug.  12. 


Oct.  7. 


Oct.  7. 


"  Massachusetts  assumed  Grand  Lodge,"  to  be  informed  of 
vote  of  22d  of  January.  No  persons  acknowledging  assumed 
Mass.  Grand  Lodge  to  be  admitted  a  member  of  this.  The 
Secretary  to  use  his  discretion  in  providing  for  the  safety 
of  the  papers  and  jewels,  and  to  be  accountable.  Letter  sent 
to  Mass.  G.  L.  in  reference  to  vote  Jan.  29,  1783,  by  which 
St.  Andrew's  consented  to  be  represented  in  G.  L.  until 

X    peace  was  declared.     After  which  by  a  vote  of  29  to  23, 
St.  Andrew's  decided  to  remain  under  G.  L.  of  Scotland. 
Voted  to  fill  for  the  balance  of  the  year,  all  vacant  offices. 

Vote  to  receive  back  former  members,  if  they  will  formally 
disavow  the  Mass.  Grand  Lodge  claim  for  independence, 
and  will  acknowledge  the  supremacy  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland. 

"  Col.  P.  Revere,  Capt.  N.  Fellows,  John  Boit,  D.  Coolidge, 
and  J.   Stodder"  of  the  minority   of  23   being   aggrieved 

"  brethren,  applied  to  the  door  of  the  Lodge  for  an  interview, 
A  committee  sent  to  inform  them  if  they  had  anything  to 
say,  to  do  it  by  writing  ;  to  which  answer  was  made,  that 
Col.  Revere,  etc.,  did  not  wish  to  write. 

Paul  Revere  and  others  offer  to  divide  the  property'  of  St. 
Andrew's  according  to  numbers. 

Set  of  Resolves  passed  declaring  the  attitude  of  St.  Andrew's 
Lodge  in  the  suit  of  law  by  Paul  Revere  and  others,  —  re- 
viewing the  question  at  issue,  —  expressing  a  willingness 
to  submit  to  referees,  and  vote  to  retain  as  counsel  Bro. 
Hon.  Christopher  Gore.  Letter  to  G.  L.  of  Scotland  read 
as  written  by  Bro.  Burbeck.  In  this  letter,  St.  Andrew's 
"^  affirm  that  they  act  upon  the  fundamental  principles  of  ma- 
sonry in  opposing  the  pretentions  of  Mass.  G.  Lodge. 

The  23  members  who  left  St.  Andrew's  to  join  "  Rising  States," 
relinquish,  etc.,  to  the  30  members  who  remain  by  St.  A's. 

Voted,  "  that  a  Circular  be  sent  to  all  Lodges  that  have  re- 
ceived Charters  from  Grand  Master  Warren  and  Grand 
Master  Webb,  while  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  G.  L.  of 
Scotland,"  —  enclosing  a  copy  of  St.  Andrew's'  letter  to 
Scotland  for  their  consideration. 

Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  notified  of  the  continued  allegiance 
of  St.  Andrew's  and  the  suit  at  law  against  it  by  Rising 
States  Lodge. 

Under  this  date  important  letter  sent  to  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland  on  the  affair  between  Mass.  Lodge  andSt.  Andrew. 


CRN  TENNIA  L    ME  MOR I A  L .  279 

1785,  March  3.      Voted  that  the  matters  respecting  visits  to  Rising  States  Lodge 

subside  for  the  present. 
iMay  23.        The   Master  and   Senior  Warden  on  behaU"  of  St.  Andrew's 

by  letter  notifies  Paul  Revere  and  others  in  convention  at 

Charlestown  that  St.  Andrew's  holds  only  under  the  G.  L. 

of  Scotland. 
July  I.  Receipt  of  Treasurer  dated  Castle  Island,  for  S300,  and  ^96. 

6j\  \d.,  —  a  donation  for  the  "poor  and  indigent  brethren 

of  St.  Andrew's  and  their  widows." 
July  12.         Donation    from  an  unknown  friend  (Wm.    Burbeck),   by  his 

will. 
Oct.   12.        A  set  of  pure  brass  candlesticks  presented  by  Bro.  Dakin, 
Nov.   10.        Bros.  Carter  and   Sigourney  notify  that  Bro.  Burbeck  on  his 

death  bed  handed  them  the  Charter.     Voted  that  Bro.  S. 

keep  it  till  further  oi'ders. 
Dec.  8.         Bro.  Harris,  Sec.  presented  alphabetical  list  of  members  made 

in  St.  Andrew's  since  A.  D.  1760. 

1786,  Jan.   12.        Bro.  Moores  to  be  considered  a  sea-faring  Bro.  till  Charles- 

town  bridge,  now  building,  is  done.  Documents  on  the 
situation  of  the  Lodge  ordered  to  be  sent  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Scotland.  Voted  not  to  celebrate  the  Feast  of 
St.  John  this  year. 
Nov.  30.  "  Owing  to  the  difficulties  of  the  times,"  quarterages  put  at  4 
shillings,   Stewards  to  have  theirs,  and  3  shillings  a  night. 

1787,  April  28.      By-Laws  changed  so  that  Lodge  will  meet  second  Thursday 

of  June,  July  and  August. 
July  12.        Thanks  to  Bro.  Blake  for  an  elegant  China  bowl  imported  in 

an  American  vessel. 
Nov.  30.        $2  paid  to   Bro.  Dakin  for  his  offer  to   supply  the   Lodge  with 

sea  coal  for  one  year.     Stewards  to  be  accountable  for  all 

utensils.      Committee  to  advertise  St.  John's  Celebration 

and  furnish  Bro.  Woart  a  bill  of  fare. 
Dec.  13.       Referees    on    "Rising    States"    matter    in     1784,    to    have 

tickets  to  Feast.     Price  of  tickets  to  St.  John's  Feast  fixed 

at  7  shillings  and  6  pence. 

1788,  July  10.  Committee  report  average  expense  of  Lodge  meeting  ^2. 

4^\  10^/.,  and  that  Quarterages  be  reduced  to  3  shillings. 
Oct.  9.  Bro.  Gore  presented  an  elegant  "  Flooring,"  and  was  thanked. 

Dec.  I.         Landlord  of  Green  Dragon  not  to  let  the  hall  for  wire  dancing 

or  anything  of  the  kind. 

1789,  Feb.  28.        Correspondence   with    Lodge    "Sister    Holy    Cross"    of    St. 

Croix,  W.  L,  in  regard  to  preventing  imposition  by  clandes- 
tine made  Masons. 


28o 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


1789,  March  16.    Subject  considered  of  exempting  members  of  20  years  standing 


Nov.  12. 
Dec.  9. 

1790,  Jan.  14. 
March  11. 
Oct.  14. 

Nov.  II. 

1791,  May  12. 

Aug.  20. 

1792,  April  20. 

Nov.  30. 

1793,  April  16. 

May  19. 


Aug.  18. 
1794,  Nov.  27. 


Dec.  II. 

1795,  Dec.  II. 

Dec.  18. 

1796,  July  13. 
Oct.  10. 


Nov.  30. 

Nov.  30. 

1797,  Nov.  25. 


from  Quarterages. 
Bro.  Sam.  Sloan  thanked  for  gift  of  a  sword. 
Charter  to  be  given  Sec.  and  he  to  lay  it  on  the  table  each 

Lodge-night ;  notarial  copy  to  be  made  of  it  and  read  "  St. 

Andrew's  "  night. 
The  Treas.  to  fund  the  securities  in  his  name,  according  to 

act  of  Congress. 
Voted  not  to  sell  the  candlesticks  presented  by  the  late  Bro. 

Burbeck,  out  of  the  Lodge. 
Visitors  to  acquaint  the  Lodge,   through  the  Tyler,  of  their 

desire  to  visit,  unless  made  here. 
Royal  Arch  Lodge  indulged  with  use  of  St.  Andrew's  Charter. 
Fifty  lists  of  members  with  their  occupations  to  be  furnished, 

one  to  each  member. 
Smoking  prohibited  in  Lodge  hours. 
Organization  of  Grand  Lodge  of  Mass.  announced  by  letter, 

and  answered. 
United  States  3  per  cent's  to  be  taken  for  all  the  securities  of 

the  Lodge. 
Letter  to  G.  L.  of  Mass.  acknowledging  Book  of  Constitutions, 

and   wishing  prosperity.      Committee   on    Charter   of    St. 

Andrew's  pronounce  it  valid. 
Letter  to  G.  L.  of  Scotland  asking  their  advice  in  regard  to 

St.  Andrew's  relations  with  Mass.  Grand  Lodge. 
Lectures  to  be  given  once  a  week  to  new  Masons. 
Harmonic  Lodge  forbidden  the  use  of  the  hall,  without  per- 
mission.    Whenever  $300  is  in  hand,  it  is  be  invested  in 

6  per  cent.  U.  S.  stock. 
Silver  compasses  presented  by  Bro.  Sam.  Moore. 
Bill  for  three  pair  of  lambskin  drawers  costing  31^-.  dd.  al- 
lowed and  paid. 
St.  John's  Day  to  be  celebrated  on  the  28th. 
A  pair  of  plated  candlesticks  presented  by  Bro.  Green. 
Grand  Lodge  of  Connecticut  resolve  non-intercourse  against 
""    Lodges  holding  foreign   charters,  and  who   will   not  join 

U.  S.  Grand  Lodges  (aimed  at  St.  Andrew's). 
H.  G.  Otis'  draft  for  act  of  incorporation  with  petition  signed 

by  members. 
Plate  for  certificate  of  membership  ;    "  Act  of  Incorporation  " 

again  voted  for. 
Members  of  St.  Andrew's  constitute  themselves  a  Proprietary. 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


281 


1797,  Dec.  26. 

1798,  Feb.  8. 
Feb.  13. 
June  I. 


June  12. 

Nov.  27. 

1799,  Dec.  19. 

Dec.  19. 

1800,  Jan.  9. 

Feb.  10. 


Feb.  10. 


Oct.  14. 

1802,  March  11. 

1804,  Nov.  8. 
1807,  Nov.  13. 

Nov.  30. 
Dec.  15. 


Dec.  22. 


The  eight  survivors  of  the  1784  transactions,  rcHnquish,  etc. 

Bro.  Wm.  Harris  voted  a  silver  medal, —  1 1  yrs.  as  Secretary. 

Meeting  of  Proprietary  for  organization. 

Special  meeting  on  Masonic  relations,  decided  19  to  8  to 
write  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  on  St.  Andrew's  passing 
under  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge. 

Letter  to  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  on  the  expediency  of  St.  _ 
Andrew's  joining  IVLass.  Grand  Lodge. 

St.  Andrew's  subscribes  funds  towards  building;" the  Friirate.'-' 

Letter  of  Grand  Lodge  of  Mass.  dated  9th,  read,  appointing 
committee  of  conference. 

Letter  from  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  dated  May  21,  was  read,-^ 
and  referred  to  a  committee. 

Voted  to  clothe  the  hall  in  mourning,  in  memory  of  our  illus- 
trious Brother  George  Washington,  —  to  procure  a 
monument  with  emblems  and  a  motto. 

Committee  report  on  letter  from  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachu- 
setts. The  subject  of  union  (substantially)  postponed  by 
vote  of  21  to  6.  Voted  unanimously,  to  join  with  the  G.  L. 
in  paying  Funeral  Grand  Honors  on  the  nth  inst.,  to  Bro. 
GEORGE  WASHINGTON. 

Letter  to  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  courteously  saying 
that  St.  Andrew's  appreciates  the  advantages  of  a  Parent 
Grand  Lodge  at  home,  but  owing  to  a  recent  letter  from 
Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  St.  Andrew's  cannot  with  honor 
join  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  at  present. 

Full  report  of  the  financial  state  of  the  Lodge,  with  recom- 
mendations in  regard  to  charity,  submitted. 

Lodge  closed  early  ;  members  fatigued  by  the  great  fire  of  the 
loth  inst. 

Committee  of  nine  to  consider  the  interests  of  the  Lodge. 

The  Burbeck  donation  invested  in  Maiden  bridge.  Disposi- 
tion of  its  income. 

Grand  Lodge  of  Mass.  to  be  notified  of  conference  respecting 
proposed  union.  All  donations  to  the  Lodge  to  be  put  in 
a  separate  book. 

Committees  of  Grand  Lodge  and  St.  Andrew's  this  ilay  came 
to  formal  agreement  in  regard  to  union,  contingent  on  dis- 
charge from  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 

Conference  committee  on   the  union  unanimously  accepted, 
full  remittance  ordered  of  all  ilues  to  "  Scotland  ""  and  an 
honorable  discharge  asked. 
3- 


Oct. 

13- 

Dec. 

30. 

i8o9, 

iMarch  8 

June 

H- 

Sept. 

7. 

282  CE  NTE  NNIA  L    ME  M  ORIAL. 

1808,  Jan.  12.  Committee  of  St.  Andrew's  address  letter  to  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland  asking  an  honorable  discharge  of  the  Lodge  for 
the  purpose  of  enrolment  under  Grand  Lodge  of  Massa- 
chusetts. Account  current  forwarded  to  Grand  Lodge  of 
Scotland  with  bill  of  exchange  on  London  for  ^90.  Num- 
ber of  candidates  from  1760  to  1807,  827.  Paid  for  at  2^'. 
(}d.  each. 
Washington    Lodge    at    Roxbury,    proposing   to  confer    the 

higher  orders  of  masonry,  condemned,  etc. 
Andrew  Sigourney,  Treas.,  by  letter  asks  S.  Williams,  Lon- 
don, if  the  ^90  has  been  paid  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland. 
S.  Williams  by  letter  advises  St.  Andrew's    Lodge  that  the 

^90  has  been  paid  to  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland, 
Sword  presented  by  Bro.  Andrew  Sigourney. 
The    Grand    Lodge   of  Massachusetts    notified  —  that   at  its 
next   annual   communication,    Dec.   11,   St,    Andrew's   will 
take  its  place  as  a  member,  agreeable  to  the  understanding 
had  15th  December  1807. 
Sept.  14.      Committee  report  their  visit  to  Grand  Lodge  on  nth  inst. 
Nov.  28.       Voted,  that  the  refreshments  for  the  ensuing  year  be  tongues 

and  bread. 
Dec.  14,       Report  of  St.  Andrew's   Lodge  formally  taking  its  seat  as  a 
member  of  Grand  Lodge  on  the  nth  of  December,  and  con- 
cerning the  Charter. 
i8n.  Jan.  n.         A  son  of  the  late  Bro.   Burbeck  relieved.      This  relief  was 
continued  afterwards. 
Nov.  27.       Long  report  with  suggestions  on  the  state  of  the  Lodge  by 
Bro.  Andrew  Sigourney,  Treasurer. 
18 12,  Nov.  25.       Bro.   Thomas   Knox  made  an  honorary  member, — the  first 
instance  on  record. 

181 5,  Members'  committee  formed. 

Jan.  12.        Committee  raised  to  relieve  British  prisoners  of  war,  who  are 

Masons. 
Jan.  13.         Action  on  vote  of  Grand  Lodge  appropriating  $500  for  British 

prisoners  of  war. 

1816,  April  24.       The  subject  of  removing  Lodge  from  "  Green  Dragon"   con- 

sidered. 

18 1 7,  Feb.  6.  Communication  from  Boston  Lodges  on  joining  in  a  place  or 

meeting.     Lodges  meet  at  Exchange  Coffee  House. 
May  I.  Voted  to  dispose  of  articles  not  wanted  in  the  new  hall. 

May  8.         A  cocked  hat  to  be  got  for  the  Master  and  regalia  as  needed. 
July.  Special  meeting  at  Masons'  Hall,  Exchange  building. 


CEXTEXXIAL    MEMORIAL.  zZ}, 

1817,  Sept.  II.      First  Regular  meeting  in  new  hall.     Bro.  H.  Fbvvle's  address. 
Nov.  13.       O.-ificial  visit  of  Dis.  Dep.  G.  M. ;  -j-j  visitors. 

Nov.  20.  Lodge  to  meet  at  "  Green  Dragon  "  next  Monday  even'g,  25th. 
Lodge  met  to  choose  officers,  etc.,  report  in  By-Laws. 

1818,  May  14.        King  Solomon's  Lodge  thanks  St.  Andrew's  for  its  gift  of  an 

altar. 
Nov.  3.         Exchange  Coffee  House  burnt  while  St.  John's  Lodge  were 

about  to  receive  Dis.  Dep.  G.  >L 
Nov.  19.       A  lecturer  appointed  with  a  salary  of  $60. 

1819,  Jan.  Lodges  meet  at  old  Hall  in  Ann  Street. 

May  13.        Boston  Masonic  Board  of  Relief,  first  considered   in  St.  An- 
drew's Lodge. 
Oct.  14.         Sodality  meetings  fixed  for  Monday  and  Thursday  at  G.  D"n. 

1820,  Aug.  20.        Andrew  Sigourney's   death    noticed.      St.  Andrew's  vote  to 

express  in  a  public   manner  their  high  estimation   of  his 
character  and  eminent  services. 

1821,  Jan.  II.         Old  State  House  apartments,  —  St.  A"s  assessed  $60  for  rent. 

Lease  taken  by  the  Lodges  for  ten  years. 

1822,  Jan.  10.         Bro.  Seth  Webber  who  died  abroad,  left  St.  Andrew's  $500. 

1825,  May  12.        Bunker    Hill    Monument,  —  conference   committee    on  laying 

corner-stone,  June  17. 

1826,  Sept.         .    Beginning  of  Anti-Masonic  persecution  in  New  York. 

1827,  April  2.         New  Masonic  Temple  ;    purchase  of  land,  etc.,  $2000  appro- 

priated by  St.  Andrew's. 
Sept.  15.       Death  of  Bro.  Joab  Hunt. 
Oct.  Retrenchments  considered  by  all  Lodges. 

Nov.  19.       Special  reference  to  charity  fund. 

1828,  Sept.  6.         Board    of    Aldermen  meet  G.    D.    Proprietors    on  widening 

Union  St.  ;   1,368  feet  of  land  taken. 
Dec.  13.       Letter  of  Gen.  H.  Burbeck  in  relation  to  donation  of  an  un- 
known friend  in  1785  (his  father). 

1830,  Oct.  Erection  of  First  Masonic  Temple  began. 

Nov.  18.  Maiden  Bridge  to  be  sold,  and  with  more  added  put  in  Tem- 
ple [5^717.38].  Lodges  occupy  Washington  Hall,  opposite 
Franklin  Street. 

1831,  Dec.  31.        Famous  Declaration  of  the  P>eemasons  published  in  Boston. 

1832,  Jan.  31.         Green  Dragon  Board  of  Trustees  chosen. 

Jan.  31.         Bro.  Benj.  Smith  presented  at  Concert  Hall,  with  silver  pitclicr 

for  long  and  valuable  services. 
Nov.  8.         "Strangers'  Charity  Fund,"  —  final  determination    made    on 

report  of  committee. 
Dec.  13.        The  Bethel  Church  presented  with  the  chandelier  in  Masons 

Hall. 


284  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1832,  The  Lodges  occupy  the  new  Masonic  Temple. 

1833,  Jan.  10.         Subject  of  reducing  fees  considered. 

April  13.  Centennial  of  the  introduction  of  Masonry  into  this  country, 
celebrated  at  Masonic  Temple. 

Nov.  14.       Committee  of  congratulation  to  visit  the  Lodges. 

Dec.  12.  Visiting  committees  came  in  from  St.  John's,  Mass.,  Columbian 
and  Mt.  Lebanon  Lodges.  Report  of  committee  to  visit 
Lodges  of  1st  Masonic  District,  favorable  as  to  spirit,  etc. 

1834,  Jan.  Memorial  surrendering  Charter  of  Grand  Lodge  to  Gen.  Court. 
Sept.  II.       Death  of  Bro.  Ben.  Smitli  announced. 

Nov.  13.       Voted  to  unite  with  other  Lodges  in  Sodality  meetings. 
Nov.  ig.       Committee  to  consider  the  subject  of  membership. 

1836,  April  14.       St.  John's   Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  —  invitation  to  celebrate  the 

Centennial  of  the  introduction  of  Masonry  into  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.     Address  by  C.  W.  M.  of  St.  Andrew's.     First  ALv 
sonic  centennial  address  which  was  printed. 
Nov.  17.       Boston    Encampment's   invitation   to   St.   Andrew's  to  attend 
Installation  of  Officers  on  21st  Dec.  ;  unanimously  accepted. 

1837,  Jan.  II.         M.  W.  G.  Lodge's  invitation  to  public  Installation,  i6th  inst., 

accepted. 
April  13.       R.  W.  Bro.   Henry   Fowle's  death  announced,  —  he  was  an 
accomplished  man  and  mason. 

1840,  May  14.        Bro.  D.  Parker  moved  a  committee  to  consider  the  subject  of 

abolishing  refreshments  at  stated  meetings. 

1 841,  May  13.        Invitation  to  St.  John's  Day,  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  accepted. 
Nov.  9.         50  copies   Masonic   melodies  by  Bro.  Power,  subscribed  for. 

Columbian  Lodge  communication  on  the   subject  of  a  lot  at 
,  Mt.  Auburn. 

Nov.  II.       Bro.  Purkitt  elected  an  honorary  member. 
Dec.  14.        Vote  18  to   12,  not  to  abolish  refreshments  either  at  Lodge 
room  or  elsewhere. 

1844,  Feb.  8.  Lodge  of  Instruction  formed. 

March  ;i.    Eight  Past  Master  Jewels  got  up  for  the  use  of  the  Lodge. 
April  25.       Presented  Star  of  Bethlehem  Lodge,  Chelsea,  a  set  of  collars. 

New  Past  Masters'  Jewels  presented  to  the  Past  Masters. 
June  14.        Invitation  from  Portland  to  St.  John's   Day.     Invitation  from 

Olive  Branch  Lodge,  Grafton  ;  Voted  to  attend. 

1845,  April  10.       Voted  to  pay  Lodge's  proportion  for  a  new  organ  ;  the  old  one 

not  to  be  sold. 
May  8.  Voted  to  accept  invitation  for  24th  of  June,  of  King  Solomon's 

Lodge. 
June  12.       Voted  to  procure  a  new  Banner,  and  examine  regalia. 


CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 


285 


1845,  July  10. 

■      Oct.  23. 

1846,  March  12. 
March  26. 

April  16. 
Dec.  10. 

1847,  April  8. 
Sept.  9. 

1848,  May  II. 
Oct.  12. 
Oct.  12. 

1849,  J^"-  -• 
Jan.  9. 

Jan.  II. 
March  8. 

1850,  Jan.  10. 
March  14, 
June  13. 
July  27. 

1851,  Jan.  19. 
April  10. 
May  8. 


Voted  to  pay  $20  to  King  Solomon's  Lodge  towards  expense.s 
on  last  St.  John's  Day. 

Ole  Bull  the  distinguished  violinist  visited  the  Lodge. 

Bro.  Henry  Purkitt's  death  announced. 

Bro.  Phillips  presented  a  memorial  on  Bro.  Purkitt's  death. 
The  Lodge  specially  convened  to  hear  it. 

5300  voted  towards  fitting  up  the  rooms  in  the  Temple. 

Martin  Burr's  death  at  Methuen,  on  the  iglh  of  Nov.,  an- 
nounced ;  he  was  the  oldest  member  of  the  Lodge. 

Morning  Star  Lodge's  (Worcester)  invitation  to  St.  John's  Day 
accepted. 

Bro.  Wm.  Robertson  of  Celtic  Lodge,  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
introduced. 

Star  In  The  East  Lodge's  (N.  Bedford)  invitation  to  St.  John's 
Day,  accepted. 

I\L  W.  Alexander  H.  Putney,  Grand  Master  of  Maine,  intro- 
duced in  due  form. 

Voted  to  appear  on  the  occasion  of  the  Water  Celebration. 
Oct.  25,  if  the  Grand  Lodge  sanction. 

Unanimously  voted  to  present  Bros.  J.  J.  Loring  and  David 
Parker,  with  suitable  tokens  for  long  and  faithful  services. 

Bro.  Hamilton  Willis  elected  a  delegate  to  Grand  Lodge  Con- 
vention ;  ordered  for  the  7th  of  Feb.,  "to  fix  upon  a  uni- 
form standard  of  work." 

Rev.  Bro.  Leacock,  President  of  the  Kentucky  ALasonic  Col- 
lege, introduced  and  donation  made. 

St.  Mark's  Lodge's  (Newburyport)  invitation  to  St.  John's  Day 
accepted. 

Bro.  C.  W.  Moore  resigned  as  Sec. ;  Lodge  appoint  a  ct)m- 
mittee  to  procure  a  suitable  token,  with  vote  of  thanks. 

Middlesex  Lodge's  (Framingham)  invitation  to  St.  Jolin's  Day 
accepted. 

Bro.  J.  J.  Loring  announced  that  he  should  visit  Europe  next 
month. 

Special  meeting  at  Porter's  Hotel,  complimentary  to  Bro. 
J.  J.  Loring. 

Washingfton  Monument  Association  ask  aid  of  St.  Andrew's. 

Essex  Lodge's  (Salem)  invitation  to  St.  John's  Day  accepted. 

New  Caledonian  Lodge's  (Pictou)  invitation  to  St.  John's  Day. 
Bro.  J(jhn  15.  Hammatt  presented  a  cane  which  used  to  be- 
long to  Bro.  Henry  Purkitt ;  thanks  of  the  Lodge  given. 
Nov.  20.       "Washington    Monument"  communication   was    taken    from 


286  CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 

1 85 1,  Nov.  20.  committee,  and  donation  made.     Bro.  George    M.  Randall 

(bishop),  resigns  as  chaplain. 
Nov.  Sup.  Jud.  Court,  —  suit  of  Jerusha  E.  King  vs.  D.  Parker, 

decided  in  favor  of  the  Lodge. 

1852,  Jan.  New  Board  of  G.  D.  Trustees  chosen. 

Feb.  10.        Communication  from  Clay  Monument  Association,  Kentucky, 
April  29.      The  death  of  Bro.  John   Suter  (on  the  28th  inst.),  announced, 

— •  aged  70  years. 
May  19.        Morning  Star  Lodge's  (Worcester)  invitation  to  St.  John's  Day. 
Sept.  9.         Mount  Tom  Lodge,  Holyoke,  presented  with  a  set  of  collars. 
Nov.  18.       Committee  appointed  to  present  Bros.  Bradford  and  Phillips, 

such  testimonial  for  their  services  "as  shall  be  worthy  of 

this  Lodge." 
Dec.  9.  M.  W.  G.  M.  Randall,  Grand  Master,  visited  the  Lodge. 

1854,  Jan.  12.         Committee  of  Columbian   Lodge  present,  with  greetings  to 

St.  Andrew's. 

1855.  One  vacancy  filled  in  Board  of  Trustees. 

March  22.  Grand  Lodge  Delegation  from  Pennsylvania,  introduced  to 
the  Lodge. 

May  II.  Invitation  from  Montgomery  Lodge,  Milford,  to  unite  in  cele- 
brating St.  John's  Day. 

May  II.  Invitation  from  St.  John's  Lodge,  Portsmouth,  to  unite  in 
celebrating  St.  John's  Day. 

Aug.  I.  R.  W.  C.  W.  Moore  sailed  for  Europe,  with  instructions  to 
invite  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  to  "St.  Andrew's"  Centen- 
nial Celebration,  Nov.  30,  1856. 

Sept.  13.       Death  of  Bro.  Wm.  B.  Oliver  announced. 

Sept.  27.  Norfolk  and  Portsmouth,  Va. ;  $200  donated  to  inhabitants 
on  account  of  a  great  fire  there. 

Sept.  27.       Centennial  Anniversary  Committee  appointed. 

Nov.  8.         Members'  Badge  voted. 


-'o'- 


Nov.  8.         Letter  of  G.  Sec.  of  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  to  St.  Andrew's 


&^ 


Lodge,  under  this  date,  with  a  copy  of  G.  L.  of  Scotland, 
"  records  and  minutes  "  concerning  the  grant  of  the  Charter 
of  St.  Andrew's  in  1756  ;  also  a  copy  of  the  minutes  of  that. 
Grand  Lodge,  Nov.  25,  1855,  wherein  the  invitation  to  the 
Centennial  of  St.  Andrew's  in  1856,  at  Boston,  is  recorded, 
with  the  interesting  notice  of  the  same,  and  appointment 
of  Bros.  Clark  and  Taylor,  members  of  "  The  Lodge  Edin- 
burgh Mary's  Chapel "  to  represent  G.  L.  of  Scotland  at 
the  aforesaid  Centennial  in  Boston,  November  29,  1856. 
Dec.  27.        Winslow  Lewis  Lodge,  —  consent  granted  to  form  it. 


CE  NTENA^IA  L    MEMORIAL. 


287 


1856,  March  27. 
Sept.  II. 
Sept.  17. 
Oct.  9. 

Nov.  29. 
Dec. 

1857,  March  26. 
April  9. 

1858,  March  11. 
Oct.  24. 


Nov.  II. 
1859,  May  12. 
June  23. 
Sept.  8. 
Dec.  8. 

Dec.  22. 

i860. 

March  22. 

Dec.  13. 
1861,  Feb.  14. 

April  10. 

June  26. 

1863,  Jan.  8. 

Nov.  25. 
Dec.  24. 

1864,  March  31. 


History  of  Columbian  Lodge  presented  to  the  Lodge,  written 

by  R.  W.  John  T.  Heard. 
Candlesticks  loaned  to  Wyoming  Lodge  (Melrose).     Death  of 

Bro.  Rayner,  announced  by  Bro.  Piiillips. 
Fr.wklix  Statue  inaugurated,  —  the  Freemasons  in  full  re- 
galia participate. 
Death  of  Bro.  Loring  announced.     Born  Sept.  23.  1789;  died 

Oct.  6,  1856.      Elected  Treasurer  1820,  and  held  the  office 

thirty  years. 
Centennial  Anniversary  observed  in  a  distinguished  manner. 

(St.  Andrew's  Day,  30th,  came  on  Sunday  this  year.) 
Voted  to    print    the    proceedings    on    above  occasion,  witli 

interesting  historical  extracts  from  records. 
Voted  to  hold  sodality  meetings. 
Invitation  to  participate  in  the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of 

General  Warren,  on  the  ensuing  17th  of  June. 
Gavel  presented  by  Winslow  Lewis  Lodge. 
Death  of  Bro.  Sampson,  Oct.  i,  senior  member,  —  made    1805 

—  announced  by  Bro.  Phillips. 

Lodges   occupy  Nassau   Hall,   corner  of  Washington  and 

Nassau  Streets. 
$100  donated  to  the  ladies  for  purchasing  Mt.  Vernon  estate. 
Lodge  at  Turk's  Island  ;  $50  donated. 
Inhabitants  of  Fayal,  #100  donated.     (Famine  there.) 
Death  of  Bro.  Phillips  announced  by  Bro.  Parker. 
George  Bray's  diploma  —  a  member  in   1756,  and  named  in 

Charter — presented  by  Bro.  Parker. 
Donation  of  $400,  and  vote  to  pay  tor  the  education  of  a  de- 
ceased Brother's  son. 
The  Lodges  occupy  Freemasons'  Hall,  Winthrop  House. 
Monument  at  Plymouth,  $100  donated. 
Aberdour  Lodge,  formation  approved. 
Aberdour  Lodge  presented  with  a  set  of  jewels. 
Gloucester,  —  $100  donated  to  widows  and  orplians  there,  on 

account  of  a  great  fire. 
Sanitary  Commission,  —  $100  donated. 
Sick   and  wounded  soldiers,  —  $400  donated.     (War  of  the 

Rebellion.) 
Bros.  Wm.  W.  Tucker  and  H.  A.  Whitney  present  $200. 
Discharged  soldiers,  —  $100  donated.      Freedman's  Society, 

$50  donated, 
Centennial  Ccleljration  of  the  purchase  of  the  tircen  Dragon 

Estate. 


288 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


1864,  April  5. 

April  14. 

June  9. 

Oct.  13. 

Oct.  14. 

Nov.  30. 

1865, 

,  March  2. 

March  9. 

1866, 

April  II. 

May  8. 

Sept.  9. 

1867,  Jan.  8. 

March  14, 

April  II. 

June  24. 

July  26. 

Dec.  12. 

1868,  Sept.  10. 

Nov.  30. 

1869,  Feb.  24. 

Dec.  23. 

Dec.  28. 

1870,  Jan.  13. 


Feb.  10. 

March  10. 
May  12. 
May  16. 

June  23. 


Freemasons'  Hall  burnt,  cor.  of  Tremont  and  Roylston   Sts. 

(Winthrop  House.) 
Bro.  Shurtleff  presented  a  bible  to  the  Lodge. 
Bro.   Bradford  presented    24  inch  guage.      The   Senior  and 

Junior  Wardens  presented  batons. 
Sailors'  National  Fair,  —  $200  donated. 
Corner-stone  of  Free  Masons'  Hall  laid. 
Gavel  presented  by  Bro.  E.  Stearns. 

Death  of  Bro.  Bradford  announced  by  W.  Bro.  E.  Stearns. 
Bro.  W.  D.  Stratton  presented  a  Book  of  Prayers. 

Eleusis  Lodge,  —  formation  approved. 
Death  of  Bro.  Parker  April  7,  announced  by  the  Wor.  Master. 
Death  of  Bro.  Tuttle  May  6,  announced  by  the  Wor.  Master. 
Death  of  Bro.  Jordan  Sept.  7,  announced  by  the  Wor.  Master. 
Death  of  Bro.  Gary  Jan.  4th,  announced  by  the  Wor.  Master. 
Five  hundred  dollars  voted  to  Grand  Lodge. 
Zetland  Lodge,  —  formation  approved. 
Masonic  Temple  dedicated. 

Lodge  dined  at  J.  B.  Smith's,  —  first  time. 
Death  of  Bro.  Baldwin  July  24,  aged  81,  —  announced  by  the 

Wor.  Master  Bro.  W.  F.  Davis. 
Joshua  B.  Smith  made  a  Mason  in  St.  Andrew's. 
A  piece  of  the  original  wall  of  King  Solomon's  Temple,  pre- 
sented by  Bro.  Wm.  W.  Tucker. 
Celebration  of  the  CXI  I.  anniversary  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 
Death  of  Bro.  Aaron  Leman  Feb.  21,  announced  by  the  Wor. 

Master  Bro.  Ezra  Palmer. 
Celebration  of  the  Centennial  of  Mass.  G.  L.  by  St.  Andrew's. 

Voted  to  unite  with  Grand  Lodge  in  their  celebration. 
Grand  Lodge  Celebration  of  the  "  Centennial "  of  Mass.  G.  L. 
The  Memorial  Committee  appointed  to  examine  the  records 

and  archives,  —  to  prepare  a  "  Centennial  Memorial,"  and 

to  report  in  print. 
Committee  appointed  to  arrange  records  and  papers,  and  to 

provide  for  their  safe-keeping. 
Lodge  Seal  presented  to  Palatka  Lodge,  Florida. 
"Centennial"  of  Massachusetts  Lodge  celebrated. 
Mass.  Lodge  thanks  St.  Andrew's  for  relinquishing  the  Hall 

on  their  Centennial  night. 
Regular  Quarterly  communication,  —  The  Memorial  Committee 

report  the  completion  of  this  volume. 


CENTE NNIA  L     J/ E M ORIAL.  289 

GRAND    MASTERS    IN    MASSACHUSETTS, 

FROM      1733     TO      1870. 


1733.  April  30.       Henry  Price  appointed   Provincial  Grand  Master,  by  (".rand 

Master  of  England,  for  Boston,  etc. 
July  30.         Provincial  Grand   Lodge   opened, —  denominated   "The  St. 

John's  Grand  Lodge." 
'734-  Henry  Price  commissioned  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  North 

America,  by  Grand  Master  of  England, 
'737-1744-  Robert  Tomlinson  Grand  Master  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge. 

Appointed  by  the  Earl  of  Loudon.  G.  M.  of  England. 
1 744-1 754.  Thomas   Oxnard  Grand   Master  of  St,  John's  Grand   Lodge. 

Appointed  by   Lord   Ward,  Baron   of  Birmingham.  Grand 

Master  of  England. 
1 754-1 755.  Henry  Price  P.  G.  ^\.  pro  tcin. 

1755-1767.  Jeremy  Gridley  Grand  Master  of  St.  John's  Grand    Lodge. 

Appointed  by  the  Marquis  of  Caernarvon,  Grand  Master  of 

England. 
1 767-1 768.  Henry  Price  P,  G.  ^l.  pro  tent. 

1768.  John   Rowe.     This   election  was  confirmed   by   the    Duke   of 

Beaufort,  Marquis  and  Earl  of  Worcester,  etc.,  G.  M.  of 
Britain.  Bro.  Rowe  died  in  1786,  and  no  more  Grand 
Masters  were  chosen  for  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge. 

1769,  May  30.        Joseph  Warren  commissioned   Provincial  Grand  Master  by 

Grand    Lodge    of   Scotland    on   petition    of    St.    Andrew's 

Lodge. 
Dec.  27.       Second  Provincial  Grand  Lodge,  or  (i.  L.  of  "ancient  masons" 

opened,  —  denominated  "Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge." 
1772,  March  3.       Joseph  Warren   commissioned    Provincial    Grand  ALaster  of 

Masons  for  the  continent  of  America. 
1775,  June  17.         Warren  killed  in  the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill. 
1775-1777.  Joseph  Webb  Deputy  (irand  Master  of  "  Mass.  G.  Lodge." 

1777.  March  8.      Joseph  Webb  elected   Grand    Master  of  Mass.  Grand  Lodge. 

This  election  was  an  act  of  Independence,  and  the  earliest 

independent  election  of  a  Grand  Master  in  America. 
,777-1782.  Joseph  Webb  Grand  Master  of  "  Mass.  Grand  Lodge." 

37 


290  CENTENNIAL     MEMORIAL. 

1782,  Dec.  6.         Declaration   of   Independence  and  name  of  "  Massachusetts 

Grand  Lodge  "  formally  assumed. 
[782-1784.  John  Warren  Grand  Master  of  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge. 

[784-1787.  Joseph  Webb  Grand  Master  of  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge. 

[787-1788.  John  Warren  Grand  Master  of  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge. 

[788-1792.  Moses  Michael  Hayes,  Grand   Master  of  Mass.   G.    Lodge. 

[792,  March  Union  of  St.  John's  and   Missachusetts    Grand    Lodges, — ■ 

denominated  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts. 

[794.  John  Cutler  Grand  Master  of  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Mass. 

[797.  Paul  Revere  "  "  "  " 


[  792- 

1794- 

1797- 

'799- 
[802- 

:3o5- 

[8o8- 

[809- 

[810- 

-813- 
[816- 
[819- 
[820- 
1S23- 
[825- 
[829- 
1832- 
5833- 
'831- 
1837- 
[840- 
[842- 

1845- 
[848- 

[851- 
[854- 
[856- 
[859- 
[86o- 
[862- 
[865- 


799.  Josiah  Bartlett        " 

8o2.  .Samuel  Dunn          " 

805.  Isaiah  Thomas        " 

808.  Timothy  Bigelow   " 

809.  Isaiah  Thomas       " 

810.  Josiah  Bartlett  " 
813.  Timothy  Bigelow  " 
816.  Benjamin  Russell  " 
819.  Francis  J.  Oliver  " 
82D.  Samuel  P.  P.  Fay  " 
823  John  Dixwell 

826.  John  Ai)bott 

829.  John  Soley               " 

832.  Joseph  Jenkins        " 

833.  Elijah  Crane  " 

834.  John  Abbott 
837.  Joshua  B.  Flint 
840.  Paul  Dean 
842.  Caleb  Butler 

845,  Augustus  Peabo:ly" 

848.  S.  W.  Robinson   '  " 

851.  E.  A.  Raymond 

854.  G.  M.  Randall 

856.  Winslow  Lewis       " 

859.  John  T.  Heard        " 

86d.  Winslow  Lewis       " 

862.  Wm.  D.  Coolidge  " 

865.  William  Parkman  " 

868.  Charles  C.  Dame    " 


,868.—  W.S.Gardner 


'^^^' 


FINIS. 


Here  is  an  end,  really  without  a  conclusion  :    The  secretary's  records  and  the 
Treasurer's  archives,  were  only  taken  in   hand  a   little  while  by  the  committee, 
and  are  now  handed   back  for  further  records,  from  time  to   time,  and  for  more 
collections  in  the  archives,  —  it  is  to  be  hoped  for  as  long  as  time  shall  last,  and 
the  true  spirit  of  Masonry  shall  quicken  the  hearts  of  men.     Even  this  episode 
upon  "  St.  Andrew's,"  with  its  Masonic  incidents  here  and  there,  which  has  been 
called  a  Centennial   Memorial,  is,  after  all,  only  a  waif,  a  tiny  leaflet  from   the 
long   story  of  this   ancient   Order, —  the   wit  of  man  running  not  back  surely 
to  the  time   when  it  began.     Besides,  nothing  near  as  much  has  been  tt)ld. 
as  might  have  been  told,  if  all  had  been  written  out ;  so  that  it  is  not  even   a 
history  of  a  single  Lodge.     Indeed,  the  sum  of  the  matter  is,  that  a  solitary 
craft  christened  Saint  Andrew,  set  out  in   the   mighty  current  of  human  atTair>. 
more  than   One  Hundred  Years  ago,  with  a  bold   push,  where  the  stream  ran 
through  a  hemisphere,  and  has  got  so  far  safe  and  sound,  and  made  a  reckoning  : 
that's  all  !    with    such  circumstance  of  hap  and  mishap  as  these  pages  have 
told.     Of  some  things,  "  Si.  Andrew's"  is  proud  ;  there  may  be  other  things  <»f 
which  it  ought  not  to  be  proud,  —  the  Brother  members  a  hundred   years  iience 
shall  judge.     Now,  one  l)y  one  of  its  good   Masters  and   .Mates,  its  lirst-class 


292 


CENTENNIAL    MEMORIAL. 


men  and  all  who  stood  watch,  piloting  the  good  craft  along  the  mighty  current, 
have  dropped  off,  and  they  are  still  dropping  off",  and  by  and  by  every  one 
who  is  now  left  for  this  sort  of  holiday  memorial-muster  will  have  dropped  oft' 
too,  so  that  verily  the  time  must  come  when  this  pleasant  venture,  christened 
as  aforesaid,  will  surely  be  floated  down  stream  into  your  hands,  —  Brethren 
of  1956!  Then  will  you  not  pause,  —  as  your  Brethren  did  aforetime, — 
for  another  reckoning,  in  a  second  Centennial  Memorial  of  the  Lodge  of  St. 
.Andrew?         So  Mote  It  Be. 


nn\ 


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